Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masih maraknya kasus penganiayaan anak karena kondisi kerentanan yang dimiliki anak. Data statistik yang akurat mengenai penganiayaan sulit dikumpulkan sebab isu perlindungan anak layaknya fenomena gunung es di mana banyak kasus tidak terlaporkan karena keengganan korban untuk melapor dan mencari bantuan, serta isu ini masih dianggap tabu oleh banyak masyarakat. Masyarakat mempunyai potensi untuk mendukung perlindungan anak di komunitasnya. ChildSafe Agent merupakan masyarakat lokal yang digandeng Yayasan Teman Baik sebagai aktivis perlindungan anak untuk turut berperan melindungi anak di komunitas mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan, (1) untuk menggambarkan peran ChildSafe Agent dalam upaya perlindungan anak berbasis masyarakat, (2) untuk mendeskripsikan kendala yang dihadapi ChildSafe Agent dalam mewujudkan upaya perlindungan anak berbasis masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif, basic research, dan cross-sectional research, dengan teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif melalui studi dokumen, wawancara, dan observasi. Adapun teknik pemilihan informan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling, yang melibatkan 10 informan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam kurun waktu 9 bulan, dimulai dari bulan Maret 2023 sampai dengan Mei 2023 serta dari bulan Februari 2024 sampai dengan bulan Juni 2024. Penelitian ini berlokasi di dua komunitas dampingan Yayasan Teman Baik yang menjadi komunitas awal terbentuknya ChildSafe Agent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ChildSafe Agent berbagai peran dalam aspek pencegahan, pelaporan, dan penanganan yang terdiri dari (1) peran fasilitatif, mencakup animasi sosial, mediasi dan negosiasi, pemberi dukungan, fasilitasi kelompok, mengorganisir, serta komunikasi personal, (2) peran edukasional, mencakup membangkitkan kesadaran masyarakat, menyampaikan informasi, serta (3) peran representasional, mencakup hubungan masyarakat, dan mencarikan sumber daya. Adapun, kendala yang dihadapi dalam menjalankan peran- perannya tersebut terdiri dari, (1) kendala dari ChildSafe Agent, mencakup kesibukan pribadi, dan keterbatasan ekonomi untuk biaya akomodasi pribadi saat mendampingi kasus, (2) kendala dari penerima manfaat, mencakup calon dan/atau penerima manfaat kurang kooperatif, dan penerima manfaat ketergantungan, serta (3) kendala dari komunitas mencakup sulitnya mengumpulkan masyarakat untuk kegiatan semacam sosialisasi, dan tantangan dalam pengawasan sebab kebiasaan anak di komunitas bermain hingga larut malam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ChildSafe Agent memiliki berbagai peran sebagai perpanjangan tangan lembaga di komunitas. Di dalam melakukan perannya tersebut, terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi ChildSafe Agent, sehingga dibutuhkan sinergitas lebih lagi dengan lembaga untuk mewujudkan upaya perlindungan anak berbasis masyarakat yang berkelanjutan.
This research is motivated by the fact that there are still many cases of child maltreatment due to the child's vulnerability. Accurate statistical data regarding child maltreatment is difficult to collect because the issue of child protection is like an iceberg phenomenon where many cases are not reported due to the reluctance of victims to report and seek help, and this issue is still considered taboo by many people. In this case, society has the potential to support child protection in their communities. ChildSafe Agents are local communities who collaborate with Yayasan Teman Baik as child protection activists to participate in protecting children in their community. This research aims, (1) to describe the role of ChildSafe Agents in community-based child protection efforts, (2) to describe the obstacles faced by ChildSafe Agents in realizing community-based child protection efforts. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research, basic research, and cross-sectional research, with qualitative data collection techniques through document study, interviews, and observation. The informant selection technique used purposive sampling, involving 10 informants. This research was carried out over a period of 9 months, starting from March 2023 to May 2023 and from February 2024 to June 2024. This research was located in two communities assisted by the Yayasan Teman Baik which were the initial communities for the formation of ChildSafe Agent. The research results show that the ChildSafe Agent has various roles in the aspects of prevention, reporting, and handling consisting of (1) facilitative roles, including social animation, mediation and negotiation, support, group facilitation, organizing, and personal communication, (2) educational roles, includes consciousness raising, informing, as well as (3) representational roles, including public relations, and obtaining resources. Meanwhile, the obstacles faced in carrying out these roles consist of, (1) obstacles from ChildSafe Agents, including personal busyness, and economic limitations to the cost of personal accommodation when accompanying cases, (2) obstacles from beneficiaries, including candidates and or beneficiaries who are less cooperative, and dependent beneficiaries, and (3) obstacles from the community including the difficulty of gathering the community for activities such as socialization, and challenges in supervision because of the habit of children in the community playing until late at night. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that ChildSafe Agents have various roles as an extension of institutions in the community. In carrying out this role, there are several obstacles faced by ChildSafe Agents, so more synergy is needed with institutions to realize sustainable community-based child protection efforts. |
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