Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan bagaimana proses pemugaran kedua Candi Borobudur selama periode tahun 1973-1983. Candi Borobudur merupakan cagar budaya nasional yang harus terjaga nilai budaya. Kerusakan yang menimpa Candi Borobudur yang diakibatkan oleh iklim tropis menaruh perhatian khusus Pemerintah Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah melibatkan tahapan pememilihan topik, heuristik, verifikasi, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Sumber primer, berupa foto dan surat kabar, ditemukan di Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia, Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia dan kanal online Arsip Konservasi Borobudur. Sementara sumber sekunder berupa buku dan artikel jurnal ilmiah berasal dari Perpustakaan Universitas Indonesia, Jstor, dan beberapa website resmi lainnya. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa penyebab utama kerusakan Candi Borobudur adalah karena terkena air hujan yang masuk ke dalam tubuh candi, serta terkena paparan langsung sinar matahari. Pemerintah Indonesia Bersama UNESCO berhasil melakukan upaya pemugaran secara menyeluruh candi pada tahun 1973-1983. Kemudian dukungan para ahli dari dalam negeri serta pekerja dari komunitas lokal telah memainkan peran penting dalam mencegah kerusakan lebih lanjut pada Candi Borobudur.
This research aims to describe the restoration process of Borobudur Temple during the period of 1973-1983. Borobudur Temple is a national cultural heritage that must preserve its cultural value. The damage suffered by Borobudur Temple due to the tropical climate attracted special attention from the Indonesian Government. The research method used is the historical method involving the stages of topic selection, heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Primary sources, such as photos and newspapers, were found in the Library of Universitas Indonesia, the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia, and the online channel of the Borobudur Conservation Archive. Meanwhile, secondary sources, such as books and scientific journal articles, were obtained from the Library of Universitas Indonesia, Jstor, and several other official websites. The research results indicate that the main causes of damage to Borobudur Temple are due to rainwater entering the temple’s structure and direct exposure to sunlight. The Indonesian Government, together with UNESCO, successfully carried out a comprehensive restoration of the temple from 1973 to 1983. Furthermore, the support of domestic experts and workers from the local community has played a crucial role in preventing further damage to Borobudur Temple.Keywords: Borobudur Temple, Cultural Heritage, National Cultural Heritage, World Cultural Heritage, UNESCO, The Significance of Borobudur. |
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