Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) telah digunakan secara turun-temurun dan diketahui mengandung senyawa fenolik. Fenolik diketahui berpotensi dalam menghambat sintesis melanin melalui penghambatan enzim tirosinase dan sebagai antioksidan. Dengan demikian, bunga telang dapat dikembangkan sebagai agen pencerah kulit dan antipenuaan. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya pada ekstrak bunga telang asal Thailand, ekstrak etanol 95% konsentrasi 200 μg/mL memiliki persentase inhibisi enzim tirosinase 22,04±2,42% serta pada ekstrak air suling memiliki aktivitas antioksidan 0,38±0,01 mmol ekuivalen FeSO4/mg ekstrak. Namun, belum ada penelitian lebih lanjut terkait aktivitas antitirosinase dan antioksidan dengan metode FRAP pada ekstrak etanol 70% bunga telang dari Semarang, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antitirosinase dan antioksidan dengan metode FRAP pada ekstrak etanol 70% bunga telang asal Semarang, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen dan kadar air ekstrak etanol 70% bunga telang berturut-turut sebesar 46,702% dan 5,303±0,072%. Berdasarkan skrining awal, ekstrak bunga telang positif mengandung senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, alkaloid, dan terpenoid. Lebih lanjut, kadar fenolik totalnya adalah 32,877±0,652 mgEAG/g ekstrak. Selain itu, aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinasenya memiliki IC50 73,675±0,753 μg/mL (aktivitas kuat), sedangkan pembanding asam kojat memiliki IC50 11,423±0,065 μg/mL (aktivitas sangat kuat). Sementara itu, hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan metode FRAP-nya adalah 11,752±0,091 g ekuivalen FeSO4/100g ekstrak, sedangkan pada pembanding asam askorbat adalah 303,553±2,217 g ekuivalen FeSO4/100g asam askorbat. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol 70% bunga telang dari Semarang memiliki aktivitas antitirosinase yang kuat, tetapi aktivitas antioksidan melalui mekanisme transfer elektron yang cenderung lemah.
Butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) has been used for generations and is known to contain phenolic compounds. Phenolics are known to have potential in inhibiting melanin synthesis through inhibition of tyrosinase enzyme and as antioxidants. Thus, butterfly pea flowers can be developed as skin lightening and anti-aging agent. Based on previous research on butterfly pea flowers extract from Thailand, 95% ethanolic extract at 200 μg/mL could inhibited tyrosinase enzyme 22.04±2.42% and distilled water extract had antioxidant activity 0.38±0.01 mmol FeSO4 equivalent/mg extract. However, there was no further research related to antityrosinase and antioxidant activity with FRAP method on 70% ethanolic butterfly pea flowers extract from Semarang, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the antityrosinase and antioxidant FRAP method activities on 70% ethanolic butterfly pea flowers extract from Semarang, Indonesia. The results showed that the yield and moisture content were 46.702% and 5.303±0.072%, respectively. Based on preliminary screening, it was positive for phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Furthermore, the total phenolic content was 32.877±0.652 mgGAE/g extract. In addition, its antityrosinase activity had an IC50 73.675±0.753 μg/mL (strong activity), while kojic acid had an IC50 11.423±0.065 μg/mL (very strong activity). Meanwhile, the results of antioxidant activity test by FRAP method was 11.752±0.091 g FeSO4 equivalent/100g extract, while the ascorbic acid comparator was 303.553±2.217 g FeSO4 equivalent/100g ascorbic acid. Thus, 70% ethanolic butterfly pea flowers extract from Semarang had strong antityrosinase activity, but antioxidant activity through electron transfer mechanism was weak. |
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