Abstrak
Jepang mengalami kekurangan tenaga kerja di sektor kesehatan, khususnya perawat, sehingga membuka peluang bagi perawat bekerja sebagai caregiver, namun motivasi dan karakteristik yang mendorong perawat Indonesia memilih bekerja di Jepang masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik dan motivasi perawat sebagai cargiver Indonesia yang bekerja atau memiliki minat bekerja ke Jepang. Penelitian ini merupakan Studi analitik cross-sectional ini melibatkan 173 responden dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner motivasi kerja. Variabel meliputi demografi (jenis kelamin, agama, pendidikan), pengalaman kerja, pelatihan bahasa, status ekonomi, dan dukungan keluarga. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan convenience sampling. Sebanyak 68,2% responden memiliki motivasi baik, dengan faktor signifikan berupa status ekonomi (p=0,006) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,006). Responden berpenghasilan <5 juta/bulan (86,7%) memiliki motivasi lebih tinggi (72%) dibanding ?5 juta (43,5%). Dukungan keluarga "sangat baik" (78%) meningkatkan motivasi hingga 73,3%, sementara faktor lain seperti jenis kelamin (p=0,876), agama (p=0,507), dan pelatihan bahasa (p=0,447) tidak signifikan. Mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (77,5%), berpendidikan vokasi keperawatan (46,2%), dan belum berpengalaman kerja (79,2%). Motivasi bekerja ke luar negeri terutama didorong oleh keterbatasan ekonomi (<5 juta/bulan) dan dukungan keluarga kuat. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya intervensi berbasis sosio-ekonomi dalam program bekerja sebagai asisten perawat ke Jepang, serta perlunya pendekatan holistik yang melibatkan keluarga calon pekerja migran.
......Japan is experiencing a shortage of workers in the health sector, especially nurses, thus opening opportunities for Indonesian nurses to work abroad, but the motivation and characteristics that drive Indonesian nurses to choose to work in Japan still need to be studied further. This study aims to describe the demographic characteristics and motivations of Indonesian nurses who work or are interested in working in Japan. This study is a cross-sectional analytical study involving 173 respondents with data collection through questionnaires. Variables include demographics (gender, religion, education), work experience, language training, economic status, and family support. The sampling technique uses convenience sampling. Statistical analysis used the chi-square test to evaluate the relationship between variables. As many as 68.2% of respondents had good motivation, with significant factors being economic status (p = 0.006) and family support (p = 0.006). Respondents with income <5 million/month (86.7%) had higher motivation (72%) than those with ?5 million (43.5%). "Very good" family support (78%) increased motivation by 73.3%, while other factors such as gender (p=0.876), religion (p=0.507), and language training (p=0.447) were not significant. The majority of respondents were female (77.5%), had a D3 education (46.2%), and had no work experience (79.2%). Motivation to work abroad was mainly driven by economic constraints (<5 million/month) and strong family support. These findings highlight the importance of socio-economic-based interventions in internship programs to Japan, as well as the need for a holistic approach involving the families of prospective migrant workers.
