Disney, A.R
A history of Portugal and the Portuguese empire
Cambridge University Press, 2009
 Buku Teks
Sickle, C.E. van
A political and cultural history of the ancient world : from prehistoric times to the dissolution of the Roman empire in the west
Houghton Mifflin, 1947
 Buku Teks
Hall, Walter Phelps
A history of England and the British empire
Ginn and Company, 1953
 Buku Teks
Hanioglu, M. Sükrü
A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire
Princeton univ. press, 2010
 Buku Teks
Mitchell, Mairin
Maritime history of Russia, 848-1984
Sidgwick and Jackson, 1949
 Buku Teks