Beg, M.A.J.
Social mobility in Islamic civilization : the classical period / M.A.J. Beg
Malaysia Press, 1981
 Buku Teks
Ansari, Tamim
Destiny disrupted : a history of the world through Islamic eyes
PublicAffairs, 2009
 Buku Teks
Kedourie, Elie
England and the Middle East : the destruction of the Ottoman empire 1914-1921
Westview Press, 1987
 Buku Teks
Jurnal Kajian Timur Tengah dan Islam
Pusat Kajian Timur Tengah dan Islam (PKTTI) Universitas Indonesia, 1997
 Majalah, Jurnal, Buletin
Goldschmidt, Arthur
A concise history of the Middle East
Westview Press, 1983
 Buku Teks