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Neal, Larry
"Beginning with the basic background and perspectives needed for non-European audiences, the authors focus on the most striking aspects of European integration such as trade, agriculture, and monetary unification. Part I of the book ends with a capstone chapter that describes current weaknesses in a wide range of EU policy affairs. Part II covers insights on national and regional responses to the European Union policy recommendations, because the bulk of relevant expenditures are made by individual countries and not the EU itself. Students can appreciate difficulties, as well as the singificant areas of agreement among EU countries. The book concludes with a discussion of the future of the European Union in an evolving world economy."
New York: Oxford University Press, 1998
330.940 559 NEA e
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Blyth, Alastair
"This guide looks at the basic requirement of the directives on public procurement issued by the European Union, as well as the UK regulations that have incorporated the directives into UK legislation. This is not a legal text book: instead it aims to offer architects a straight forward guide to what to expect when competing for work subject to the EU procurement rules."
London: [RIBA , ], 2003
e20440289
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Tumang, Yurina M.`
"This paper focuses on intellectual property protection in the pharmaceutical sector which has assumed significant value for its socio-economic relevence, especially on the rate of medicine prices.Since 1994, attention has focused on WTO's Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual property rights 9TRIP's) as the most far reaching international instrument ever negotiated on intellectual property rights. An important critical issue of the TRIP's Agreement relates to patent. The TRIP's Agreement requires universal paten protection for any invention in any field of technology. This essential targets pharmaceuticals, which many countries had previously excluded from patent protection.
All WTO members must amend their patent legislation,whitin a limited time or transition period. Many studies of the TRIP's patent system will have a great impact on the health sector and may negatively affect national drug prices availability of essential medicines and pharmaceutical technology.Given the fact that Indonesia is a member of the World Trade Organization, it has to abide the mandates set forth in the TRIP's Agreement. Indonesia has adopted patent law in undang-undang (UU) no 14 tahun 2001, Which agrees with the TRIP's Agreement.
This study will analyse the impact of patent on the rate of medicine prices produce by the European Union pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia. In conclusion this analysis of the implication of patent for the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia is just the begining point for a continous process. Whith engoing change in the structure on the economy, regulations and patent laws, further study and action will be necessary.Above all, government attention is extremely important to ensure progresive development. National authorities should have a clear vision for this industry and understand the repercussion to national health in thr future if nothing is done. The provision and revision of pharmaceutical policies should not only be in a accordance with existing general industry standards and international commitments, but also be ensuring improvement in the quality of life for the Indonesian people as a whole."
2006
JKWE-II-1-2006-57
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Bely, Mikhail M.
"This article discusses the symbolic meaning of "May 9". As its western counterparts celebrate May 9 as Europe Day, Russia also celebrates May 8 and 9 as Remembrance and Reconciliation days.The writer pointed out how the date of May 9 has marked a great victory of humanity from devastating threats and the end of the world war II"
2005
JKWE-I-1-Mei2005-98
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Anika Widiana
"ABSTRAK
The relationship between Indonesia and European Union has already bond since years ago. An economic cooperation, especially in trade, was the beginning of it relation that made European Union an important business partner for Indonesia. Chapter one explains how European Union has a significant position in trade with Indonesia, where the percentage is more or less of 13 percent of Indonesian total trade worldwide. Mapping should be done in order divide Indonesian commodities into two parts, which are competitive commodities and uncompetitive commodities in European Union's market. There are several leading Indonesian commodities in European Union's market that should be secured ,and increased. Thus Indonesia is able to be more responsive to the European Union about the alternatives to increase market share. Commodities in this thesis are divided into five (5) categories such as fuels, agricultures and raw materials, food, ores and metals, and manufactures.
Indonesia hopes that the integration of European Union will increase the export value of Indonesia to EU market, although there are some barriers in trading activities. One of the barriers is EU import policy that had been imposing to Indonesia export commodity, either tariff policy or non-tariff policy.
Apparently, there are many perspectives about those trade policies that can be seen from European Union's (as the importer countries) and Indonesia's (as the exporter country) point of view. Because of that reason we have to recognize and identify -several factors that set up those policies such as Economic factor and Social-Politic factors.
Finally, after the mapping and formulating factors of export activities, Indonesia is able to describe threat and opportunities in exporting commodities to the European Union's market. As results, the writer would like to give some opinions about alternative efforts to increase Indonesian export to European Union.
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2007
T 17560
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sanan Susanto
"Tesis ini mengambil judul Tinjauan Kebijakan Pengenaan PPN Terhadap Penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari Kantor Pusat ke Cabang atau Sebaliknya. Pasal 1A UU PPN mengatur tentang penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari kantor pusat ke cabang atau sebaliknya. Dengan adanya ketentuan ini, maka transaksi penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari kantor pusat ke cabang atau sebaliknya terutang PPN. Akibatnya Pengusaha yang memilki tempat usaha/ cabang yang berbeda lokasi wilayah KPP, harus mendaftarkan tempat usaha/cabang tersebut untuk dikukuhkan sebagai PKP pada KPP setempat. Pada dasarnya penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari kantor pusat ke cabang atau sebaliknya merupakan transaksi internal, oleh karena dalam transaksi tersebut tidak terjadi perpindahan kepemilikan atas suatu Barang Kena Pajak. Dari sudut administrasi perpajakan, tentu saja ketentuan ini akan memberatkan PKP terutama dalam hal cost of compliance yang harus ditanggung oleh PKP. Disamping itu ketentuan pengenaan PPN atas transaksi penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang tidak sejalan teori dan konsep dalam PPN itu sendiri. Pemusatan tempat PPN terutang sebagai penyeimbang ketentuan tersebut, kurang memberikan unsur keadilan di antara PKP. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori-teori dalam PPN yang umum digunakan sebagai dasar merancang suatu kebijakan perpajakan. Teoriteori tersebut meliputi, teori tentang PPN, teori tentang cabang, teori tentang penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak, teori Pengusaha Kena Pajak, teori tentang Administration and compliance cost dan teori-teori lainnya yang masih relevan dengan topic penelitian ini.
Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan deskriptif engan menggunakan sumber data primer berupa wawancara dengan narasumber serta data sekunder berupa buku-buku, literatur, peraturan perundangan dan sumber lainnya yang masih berkaitan dengan topik pembahasan dalam tesis ini. Ketentuan tentang PPN di Indonesia, dan di Uni Eropa serta PT. XYZ diungkap untuk memberikan gambaran umum tentang objek yang akan diteliti. Gambaran umum tentang ketentuan PPN di Indonesia meliputi objek pajak, penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak yang terutang PPN, Pengusaha Kena Pajak, pemusatan tempat PPN terutang, kewajiban PKP serta sanksi perpajakan. Pada Uni Eropa pun diberikan gambaran umum tentang, Pengusaha Kena Pajak dan Penyerahan yang terutang pajak. PT. XYZ juga dipaparkan gambaran tentang alur pembelian dan penjualan barang dari pusat ke cabang, serta alur penyampaian laporan pajak untuk masing-masing cabang. PT. XYZ memiliki banyak cabang seluruh Indoensia, yang tentu saja akan mempunyai dampak terhaap kebijakan pengenaan PPN aas transaksi penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang atau sebaliknya.
Hasil penelitian melalui wawancara yang dilakukan terhadap pihak akademisi, praktisi dan wajib pajak serta literatur yang ada, diketahui bahwa penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari kantor pusat ke cabang atau sebaliknya tidak layak dijadikan sebagai objek pajak. Dasar pertimbangannya adalah bahwa secara teori dan konsep ketentuan tersebut tidak selaras. Ketidakselarasan tersebut antara lain dsebabkan oleh karena dalam transaksi penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang adalah transaksi yang bersifat internal, sehingga tidak ada perpindahan kepemilikan atas suatu Barang Kena Pajak. Selain itu akibat yang dtimbulkan dari kebijakan tersebut sangat dirasakan sekali oleh PKP terutama berkaitan dengan compliance cost. Dari sisi penerimaan pajak (tax revenue) yang diterima oleh pemerintah juga menghasilkan jumlah yang sama antara penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang dianggap sebagai objek PPN maupun tidak dianggap sebagai objek PPN. Dalam hal pemusatan tempat PPN terutang, memang bisa mengurangi compliance cost bagi PKP, hal tersebut dapat terlihat dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap PT. XYZ. Namun kebijakan tersebut belum dapat memberikan rasa keadilan diantara PKP. Dalam hal kelaziman dalam praktek perpajkan internasional, setelah dilakukan penelitian literature yang ada, bahwa ternyata Council Directive Uni Eropa tidak mengatur adanya ketentuan penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang sebagai objek pajak.
Dari penelitian tersebut dapat ditarik suatu simpulan bahwa penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari kantor pusat ke cabang tidak sejalan dengan teori dan konsep PPN yang ada. Selain tidak adanya nilai tambah yang dikenakan PPN dalam transaksi tersebut menyebabkan, PPN yang dipungut dari PKP secara agregat nihil. Oleh karena tax base dari penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang adalah sebesar harga pokok. Kebijakan Pemusatan tempat PPN terutang memang dapat menurangi cost of compliance, namun kemudahan pemberian izin pemusatan tempat PPN terutang belum dapat dirasakan oleh semua PKP. Dalam praktek pajak internasional seperti pada Council Directive di Uni Eropa, tidak mengatur adanya kebijakan PPN atas transaksi penyerahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang dan merujuk pada teori dan konsep PPN yang ada, maka dari penelitian ini, disarankan, sebaiknya ketentuan PPN atas peneyarahan Barang Kena Pajak dari pusat ke cabang dihapuskan.

This thesis takes its title "Review of Imposition Policy on VAT on Supply of Taxable Goods from Central to Branch Office or vice versa". Article 1A of VAT LAW provides supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch office or vice versa. With this provision, Supply of Taxable Goods transaction from central to branch office or vice versa leads to VAT payable. The result is that the Company having business place/branch different from Tax Office area must register its business place/branch in order to be confirmed as Taxable Company at the local Tax Office. Basically, supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch office or vice versa represents an internal transaction, because in such a transaction there is no transfer of ownership of Taxable Goods. In the standpoint of tax administration, this provision, of course is burdensome for Taxable Company in particular in cost of compliance. In addition, the provision on VAT imposition for supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch office is not in line with theory and concept in the VAT itself. Centralization of payable VAT as balancer of the provision appeared to provide no sense of justice among the Taxable Persons This study is conducted by using the theories in the VAT generally applied as ground to design a tax policy. The theories include theory on VAT, theory on branch, theory on supply of Taxable Goods , theory on Taxable Company, theory on Administration and compliance and such other theories which are relevant to the title of this study.
The method of this study uses quantitative and descriptive approach, by using primary data in the form of interview conducted on academician, practioners, taxpayer and Directorat General of Tax and also secondary data in the form of books, literature, regulations and others related to the topic. Provision on VAT in Indonesia, and in European Union and PT. XYZ is stated to provide a general description on the object to be studied. General description on VAT regulation in Indonesia which includes tax object, Taxable Goods delivery with VAT payable, Taxable Persons, centralization of VAT payable place, obligation of Taxable Company and tax sanction. In European Union a general description is also provided on Taxable Persons and taxable supply. PT. XYZ also provides description on flow of sale of goods from central to branch, and flow of submission of tax report for each of branches. PT. XYZ has several branches all over Indoensia, this will be effects on VAT on supply of taxable goods from central to branch office or vice versa.
The result of interview conducted on academicians, practitioners, tax payers and the exisiting literatures , they in general are in the opinion that supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch office is not reasonable to be made a tax object.It caused by transaction of supply from central to branch or vice versa is internal transaction, as result, it will not be transfer of ownership a taxable goods. In addition, consequences arising out of the policy are greatly felt by Taxable Persons in particular those related to compliance cost. In the standpoint of tax revenue received by the government also resulted in the same amount among the Supply Taxable Goods from central to branch whether or not it is deemed a VAT object. In terms of centralization of VAT payable place, compliance cost for Taxable Persons decreased, but the policy cannot yet provide sense of justice among Taxable Persons. In general practice of international taxation, proved that VAT on supply of taxable goods from central to branch or vice versa is not regulated on Council Directive in European Union.
From the study, a conclusion is made that Supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch is not in line with the existing theory and concept of VAT. In addition to the absence of added value with the imposed VAT in the transaction, VAT collected from Taxable Persons became nil in the aggregate,.Please note that tax base of supply of Taxable Goods from central to branch is of the cost price. The policy of centralization can be deemed to decrease cost of taxation, otherwise it cannot yet provide sense of justice among Taxable Persons. In case of general practice of international taxation such as Council Directive European Union and referred to existing theory and concept of VAT , it suggested that VAT on supply of taxable goods from central to branch or vice versa to be excluded from tax object."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T24583
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Lubis, Oloan Bahagia
"Tesis ini mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis tentang sentimen kedaulatan anggota Uni Eropa yang menjadi kendala dalam memaksimalkan peran CFSP. Masalah ini dapat diidentifikasi sebagai hal seperti bagaimana menyelaraskan kebijakan luar negeri dan keamanan bersama dengan negara-negara anggota secara efektif di dalamnya, kemudian masalah alat atau instrumen pelaksana kebijakan, dan yang paling penting adalah bagaimana Uni Eropa mengatasi atau menyatukan perbedaan. Kepentingan anggota Uni Eropa yang umumnya dipengaruhi oleh tiga negara inti Uni Eropa yaitu Prancis, Jerman, dan Inggris yang selalu mendominasi dan menentukan berbagai pertumbuhan dalam kerangka Uni Eropa dan Eropa, termasuk juga dalam hal keamanan Eropa. Tesis ini juga mencoba untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk kerjasama pertahanan dan keamanan Uni Eropa yang dapat aktif dalam menjaga perdamaian regional dan diasumsikan dapat diterima oleh semua anggota Uni Buropean tanpa harus mengabaikan kepentingan nasional salah satu atau beberapa negara anggota. . Tesis ini, meskipun menyimpulkan bahwa CFSP Uni Eropa khususnya dalam hal kebijakan pertahanan dan keamanan Uni Eropa masih bergantung pada NATO dan masih akan dilanjutkan
This thesis describes and analyzes about sentiment of member sovereignty of the European Union that is becoming constraint in maximizing role of CFSP. This problem can be identified as a thing such as how to harmonize common foreign and security policy with member nations effectively in it, then the problem of appliance or instrument executor of policy, and the most important thing is how European Union overcome or unite the different interests of member of European Union which was generally influenced by the three EU core states that is, French, Germany, and UK which always predominate and determinant various growth in framework of European Union and Europe, including also in the case of European security. This thesis also tries to find out the forms of European Union defense and security cooperation that can be active in taking care of regional peace and assumed can be accepted by all member of Buropean Union without having to disregard natonal interest one of or some of member's state. This thesis, although conclude that CFSP of European Union especially in the case of EU's defense and security policies still dependent on NATO and still will be continued."
Jakarta: Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Adityarachman Sofiar
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan urgensi dampak kegiatan blue economy di Laut Baltik, khususnya dampak terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat di negara-negara Skandinavia. Pemanfaatan sumber daya yang ada di Laut Baltik secara berlebihan dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Fokus penelitian mengkaji pembangunan berkelanjutan mengenai blue economy di negara Skandinavia. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran mengenai dampak ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tantangan utama yang dihadapi industri maritim di negara-negara Skandinavia, termasuk kebutuhan akan perencanaan dan pengelolaan sumber daya bersama, pelestarian alam, serta perlindungan lingkungan laut. Untuk memahami fenomena sosial yang kompleks peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang melibatkan pengumpulan dan analisis data non-numerik. Dalam mengeksplorasi penerapan blue economy di negara-negara Skandinavia berdarasakan EU blue economy akan menggunakan Teori Regional Security Complex Theory dan konsep Common Pool Resource. Teori dan konsep yang digunakan bertujuan untuk menjelaskan interaksi multi level antara negara-negara Skandinavia untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Temuan penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa blue economy di negara-negara Skandinavia yang berbatasan dengan Laut Baltik dapat membawa manfaat yang signifikan baik bagi industri maritim maupun masyarakat luas.

This research aims to explain the urgency of the impact of blue economy activities in the Baltic Sea, especially the impact on the environment and society in Scandinavian countries. Excessive use of the resources in the Baltic Sea can have a negative impact on the environment. The research focus examines sustainable development regarding the blue economy in Scandinavian countries. This research provides an overview of the economic, social and environmental impacts. This research identifies the main challenges facing the maritime industry in Scandinavian countries, including the need for planning and management of shared resources, nature conservation and protection of the marine environment. To understand complex social phenomena researchers use qualitative research methods which involve the collection and analysis of non-numerical data. In exploring the application of the blue economy in Scandinavian countries based on the EU blue economy, we will use the Regional Security Complex Theory and the Common Pool Resource concept. The theories and concepts used aim to explain multi-level interactions between Scandinavian countries to achieve common goals. The findings of this research argue that the blue economy in Scandinavian countries bordering the Baltic Sea can bring significant benefits to both the maritime industry and society at large."
Jakarta: Sekolah Kajian Stratejik dan Global Universitas Indonesia, 2024
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"In 1859, Italy for the first time introduced a national education system, which main purpose was to demolish illiteracy throughout t.he nation. In 1923, the structural foundation for in first level education (basic and intermediate education) was formed. Through time, Italian education system has been reformed to reach its general direction as well as to cope with the changes of time. Higher education reformation in Italy is aimed to reach a general direction called "a european space of high school education" and this direction is an answer to the demand of change, to the globalization, and to the enlargement of European Union membership. However, the question now is if the original general direction which was mentioned in the Casati?s law, which aimed to demolish illiteracy, then, through time, is transformed to demolish illiteracy in informatics' technology in the platform of reformation in higher education. The establishment of new norms in EuropeaN's higher education system could be an indicator of general improvement in Europeans higher education system."
Jurnal Kajian Wilayah Eropa, Vol. 4 No. 3 2008: 21-31, 2008
JKWE-4-3-2008-21
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Gayatri Marisca Permata Sari
"Pembahasan mengenai fenomena integrasi regional di suatu kawasan jelas merupakan fenomena yang telah sejak lama dibahas dalam dinamika internasional. Namun kemudian fenomena ini menjadi semakin berkembang sejak disepakati bersama bahwa semakin integrasi regional memberikan banyak keuntungan bagi negara-negara, baik dari segi ekonomi dan politik. Salah satu proses integrasi regional yang menarik untuk dibahas yaitu proses integrasi di kawasan selatan Afrika di mana terdapat permasalahan tumpang tindih keanggotaan negara-negara dalam skema pengaturan integrasi regionald di selatan Afrika. Diperlukan adanya upaya rasionalisasi dari permasalahan tumpang tindihnya keanggotaan ini, agar integrasi regional yang terjadi dapat memberikan dampak positif bagi negara-negara anggota. Kesempatan untuk terjadinya rasionalisasi kemudian terbuka dengan adanya Economic Partnership Agreement antara Uni Eropa dan negara-negara ACP. Pernyataan ini dikeluarkan oleh Uni Eropa sendiri, dan didukung oleh beberapa peniliti yang menyatakan bahwa memang negosiasi EPA dapat menjadi momentum upaya rasionalisasi bagi tumpang tindih keanggotaan di Selatan Afrika. Dalam perkembangannya, EPA sebagai momentum bagi upaya rasionalisasi tidak lagi terlihat menjanjikan. Implikasi negosiasi EPA terhadap upaya rasionalisasi tersebut kemudian dipertanyakan seiring dengan tidak terlihatnya dampak positif dari negosiasi EPA terhadap upaya rasionalisasi integrasi regional di Selatan Afrika.

Abstract
The discussion about regional integration phenomenon ia a region has long been discussed in international dynamics. But then this phenomenon become increasingly developed since agreed that the regional integration offers many benefits for coutries, both in economic and politic. One of regional integration process that interesting to discuss is the process of regional integration in southern africa where there is problem of overlapping membership of countries in various schemes of regional integration arrangements in southern africa. There is a need of rationalisation effort so that the regional integration can provide a positive impact on member countries. Opportunities for rationalization effort comes from the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) negotiations process between European Union and African countries. This statement comes from European Union itself, and also from a lot of researchers that see EPA negotiations can be a momentum for the rationalization process for the overlapping membership problem in Southern Africa. In the process, EPA as a momentum for rationaliation process no longer looks promising. The implications of EPA negotiations towards the rationaliation efforts were then questioned as no sightings of the positive impact of EPA negotiations towards the rationalization of regional integration efforts in Southern Africa."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2012
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UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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