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"This article explores the roots of riots that have occurred in several cities and places in Indonesia, the author assumes that the accumulative and chronic social - economic gap shrouded by the ethnic and religious factors, underlined the occurrence of riots in the early Indonesian reformation era (May 1995). The differences in gaining access to economic resources, as well as the discriminative policies of the New Order Regime, created a social-economic gap between the ethnic groups in Indonesia. While some groups had privileges and easy access to economic resources, other did not. As a consequence, some groups were subject to oppression and marginalized. The potential for conflict increased structurally as marginal groups used ethnicity and religious attributes in framing the social-economic gap between them and the advantage groups. From the functionalist viewpoints, ethnicity can be seen as an easy way to heighten solidarity among people. The riots could be legitimated by using cared religious symbols. The author argues that the conflict among ethnic groups increased as a 'cultural protest' to the government's discriminative policy. The conflict does not represent the people's desire to return to their 'tribal' culture"

"Kerusuhan di Maluku menuntut perhatian dan kepedulian semua pihak dengan lebih sungguh-sungguh. Betapa besar kerugian material, korban jiwa, dan penderitaan psikis dari mereka yang terlibat langsung atau tidak langsung dalam kerusuhan tersebut. Kasus-kasus konflik yang muncul kelihatannya mempunyai format yang besar, eskalasinya meluas dan cepat, kaitannya lebih kompleks dan rumit, sifatnya lebih sensitif, akibatnya pun jauh lebih menakutkan dan mencemaskan...[...] Dari hasil kajian lintas ilmu yang dilakukan oleh PRS, teridentifikasi 11 masalah. Tulisan ini akan memuat kesebelas identifikasi masalah itu. Berdasarkan keseluruhan masalah tersebut, PRS mengajukan sebuah pertanyaan sentral, yaitu: apakah kerusuhan yang terwujud di Maluku disebabkan oleh faktor agama dan suku bangsa, dan bagaimana kaitannya dengan sosial Ketahanan Wilayah Maluku, sekaligus juga Ketahanan Nasional secara utuh? "