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"Public goods are known to be goods that are non-rival and non-rival non - excludable. This means that consumpition of the goods by one individual does not reduce availability of the good for consumption by others and that no one can be effectively excluded from using the good...."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang salah satu masalah yang terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan jasa pengiriman barang atau jasa kurir di Indonesia. Kasus yang dianalisis adalah sengketa antara Syamsir Agus melawan PT. Birotika Semesta. Dalam kasus ini, barang milik Syamsir Agus dalam proses pengiriman barang yang dilakukan oleh PT. Birotika Semesta. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapat bahwa pihak PT. Birotika Semesta telah melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelenggarakan kegiatan pengiriman barang yang berakhir dengan hilangnya barang milik pengguna jasa mereka. Sebagai pengguna jasa yang dirugikan, maka Syamsir Agus berhak mengajukan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum tuntutan ganti rugi terhadap PT. Birotika Semesta.

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This thesis discusses one of problems that might be arises on the performance of courier services in Indonesia. This study analyzes a case about dispute between Syamsir Agus and PT. Birotika Semesta. In this case, Syamsir Agus? belonging was lost in the shipment process after he used the services by PT. Birotika Semesta. Based on the results obtained that PT. Birotika Semesta has made a mistake in accomplished their service in delivery of goods that ended with the loss of the service user?s goods. As a user that had been harmed, Syamsir Agus has the right to file a lawsuit for tort and demand for a compensation towards PT. Birotika Semesta."

"A Study on Completing Compensation System with Job Value Based in Perum Since the company was established in November 25, 1946, founding system Human Resources (HR) still refers to civil servant. Even through status of corporate body has already changed, from division company, then state company and the last, public company with consequences that cost of HR no longer covered by government, the effort to complete system of HR building have never done. In addition, the ability of company finance is limited so that not every policy launched by government related to better remuneration for civil servant could automatically be applied in this company. The efforts for better welfare so far done by giving various allowances and these lack of proportional toward employee contribution. This condition causes HR cost to be fixed cost factor with is not directly connected to employee and company performance. Theoretically this condition is incorrect, because according to Milkovich (1999:10) compensation owns efficiency target especially in frame of performance improvement, quality, customer satisfaction and control of HR cost. Besides, Armstrong and Murlis.2(2003:16) mentioned that commitment on market economy will quickly be exposed that money is the best motivator. That's why there must be strong relation between compensation and performance. If not, that will indicate the existing compensation system has not reached target. Therefore, it is required to improve.Armstrong and Muriis 1(2003:3) mentioned that strategy of compensation is corning from HR strategy and business strategy. While Walker (1992:10-11) described that HR strategy is how a company arranges its employees to be able to support business target through determined business strategy. Therefore, in this Thesis, is used logical frame as follows: To achieve target, the company should be backed up with good business strategy. To be able to arrange, plan and carry out business strategy, it is required HR support with high commitment through good business strategy in which compensation strategy is included.The research output by Gomez-Mejia (1992:61-67) indicates that compensation strategy goes to two patterns, namely Algorithmic and Experiential. The algorithmic pattern focused on job or duty, while experiential one exposed on skill. If we connect to the existing business strategy, the application of compensation pattern using organization typology according to Miles and Snow, that is defenders type, prospectors and analyzers. Type of defenders has stable character and low demand of changes, so this is appropriate for highly dedicated HR, loyal and diligent, with algorithmic pattern for the remuneration. Type of prospectors is temporal, quick changes, so that appropriate for HR with high turn over using experiential system for salary. While analyzers type is correct and very careful and fix for HR with full consideration and the remuneration using between algorithmic and experiential.The research conducted in Perum DAMRI through questioner and relevant data back up as well as data from benchmark with other relevant company. Research output analyzer for 364 samples of almost 7000 employees indicates that employees are not satisfied with financial compensation, because neglect internal and external equity; Contribution of compensation system toward employee performance are very low, so it is not yet optimal as tool / motivator for employees performance; Employees expect changes on financial compensation system, especially system of giving allowances based on achievement and heavy - light employees task. For component of basic salary, based on position, grade and long period of working.Completing financial compensation system is carried out by mixing some allowances which is not proportional, into for on of variable salary based on job value, taken from job evaluation done before. Variable salary is arranged for separate salary structure, so that in the implementation there will be two salary structure that is basic salary structure and variable salary structure. Application of variable salary refers to research output by Gomez-Mejia and theory of Armstrong and Murlis, that is employees in operation with prospectors characteristics using variable salary with performance based; employees in mechanic / technician with analyzers characteristic using variable salary with skills based, while management and administration staff with defenders characteristic using variable salary with competency based.One to existing compensation has been very long time implemented, the completion should be applied gradually and supported with strong commitment from management. Application of variable salary with performance based, skills based, and competency based constitutes first step to complete compensation system toward more ideal in company environment.[Rincian Isi Tesis : xiii, 140 halaman + 21 tabel + 7 gambar + 10 lampiran, Bibliografi : 43 buku, 7 artikel, (1982 - 2003)]"

"Motivasi bagi kebanyakan pegawai bekerja adalah mencari nafkah. Apabila di satu pihak pegawai menggunakan pengetahuan, keterampilan, tenaga dan sebagian waktunya untuk berkarya, di Iain pihak pegawai mengharapkan, menerima imbalan tertentu. Berdasarkan pemikiran demikian, saat ini masalah imbalan dipandang sebagai salah satu tantangan yang periu dihadapi oleh manajemen suatu organisasi, oleh karena imbalan tidak Iagi dipandang sebagai alat pemuasan kebutuhan materi tetapi sudah dikaitkan dengan karakter dan martabat manusia. Sebaliknya organisasi memikirkan sebagai faktor-faktor yang perlu dipertimbangkan, untuk mencapai tujuan dan berbagai sasarannya. Berarti daiam mengembangkan dan menerapkan suatu imbalan tertentu, kepentingan organisasi dan kepentingan para pekerja mutlak perlu diperhitungka.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kompensasi dengan motivasi pegawai. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian asosiatif yaitu menjelaskan hubungan antara satu variabel dengan variabel lain, dalam hal ini hubungan antara sub-sub variabel kompensasi dengan sub-sub variabel motivasi, dengan menggunakan teknik analisa data "rho Spearman's" dibantu program SPSS 10.00 for 1/Wndows. Penelitian dilakukan pada Kantor Deputi Bidang Sejarah dan Purbakala, Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, dengan sampel sebanyak 95 orang responden, masing-masing mewakili 4 (empat) asisten deputi yang ada di lingkungan Deputi Bidang Sejarah dan Purbakaia. Hasit peneiitian membuktikan bahwa ada hubungan antara kompensasi dengan motivasi pegawai di Deputi Sejarah dan Purbakala Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, lebih rincinya ada hubungan antara kompensasi finansial, kompensasi non hnansiaf 'dengan motivasi pegawai, tetapi diantara kedua variabel kompensasi tersebut, temyata rata-rata variabel kompensasi non inansial berkorelasi dengan semua variabel motivasi, berarti pemberian kompensasi non tinansial menunjukkan lebih dominan pengaruhnya terhadap motivasi. Hubungan antar variabel yang ditampilkan sangat bervariasi yaitu hubungan ? cukup kuat dan signiikan ?, hubungan cukup kuat ini tidaklah mendominasi, karena hubungan ?|emah? dan bahkan ?tidak adanya hubungan" ditunjukkan dalam hubungan antara kompensasi dengan motivasi. Hal ini menunjukkan setiap unsur kompensasi memiliki pola interaksi berbeda terhadap semua unsur motivasi. Oleh karena itu para deciskan maker perlu hati-hati daiam merancang pola pemberian kompensasi, dan memikirkan komposisi terbaik dan pota pemberian kompensasi agar seluruh pegawai benar-benar temwotivasi, Sena melaksanakan pemantauan terhadap pola interaksi antara kompensasi dengan motivaéi secara kontinyu."

"Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan mengenai pemekerjaan pekerja/buruh dengan sistem perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu dan pemutusan hubungan kerja sebagai akibat berlarutnya tindakan merumahkan pekerja/buruh oleh perusahaan dan implementasi pengaturan-pengaturan termaksud di dalam praktiknya. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka atau data sekunder yang memuat norma hukum tertulis. Selain itu, penulis juga melakukan wawancara untuk dijadikan data pendukung dalam penulisan ini. Hasil penulisan ini diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pengaturan mengenai pemekerjaan pekerja/buruh dengan sistem PKWT dan pemutusan hubungan kerja telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan dan Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga Kerja Republik Indonesia Kepada Pimpinan Perusahaan di Seluruh Indonesia Nomor 907 Tahun 2004 tentang Pencegahan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Massa dan belum ada pengaturan mengenai PHK sebagai akibat kondisi ekonomi perusahaan yang baru merugi. Selain itu, implementasi pengaturan-pengaturan belum dilaksanakan dengan tepat. Penulis merekomendasikan adanya sosialisasi pada pihak-pihak terkait tentang pemekerjaan dengan sistem PKWT dan sebab-sebab pemutusan hubungan kerja, pengawasan mengenai pemekerjaan pekerja/buruh dengan sistem PKWT dan kejadian pemutusan hubungan kerja untuk menghindari terjadinya penyimpangan-penyimpangan, dan dibuatnya peraturan peraturan terkait PHK dengan kondisi ekonomi lain di luar yang sudah ditentukan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengakomodir kasus seperti yang terdapat dalam putusan.

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This writing aims to determine the regulation concerning the employment of workers laborers with a system of certain time labor agreements and termination of employment as a result of the protracted action of laying off workers laborers by the company and the implementation of such arrangements in practice. This writing uses normative legal research methods, namely by examining library materials or secondary data that contains written legal norms. In addition, the authors also conducted interviews to be used as supporting data in this writing. The results of this writing concluded that the regulation concerning the employment of workers laborers with fixed term contract system and termination of employment has been regulated in legislation, namely Law Number 13 Year 2003 on Manpower and Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia to the Company Leadership in All Indonesia Number 907 Year 2004 on the Prevention of Termination of Mass Relations and there is no regulation regarding layoffs as a result of the economic condition of the newly losing company. In addition, implementation of the settings has not been properly implemented. Related to this the authors recommend the socialization to the parties concerned about the employment with fixed term contract system and the causes of termination of employment and the supervision of the employment of workers laborers with fixed term employment contract system and the occurrence of termination of employment to avoid the occurrence of irregularities and the making of regulations related to layoffs with other economic conditions beyond those specified in the legislation to accommodate cases as contained in the verdict."

"Dunia ketenagakerjaan Indonesia tahun 2006 banyak dihiasi dengan perdebatan panjang tentang upaya perbaikan iklim investasi,revisi UU No. 13 th 2003 tentang ketenagakerjaan serta serunya pembahasan mengenai UMP di tingkat daerah

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"Pemdukaan Undang-Undang dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 menyatakan bahwa : "Kemudian dari pada itu untuk membentuk suatu Pemerintah Negara Indonesia yang melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia dan untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umum ,mencerdaskan, kehidupan bangsa dan ikut melaksanakan ketertiban dunia : "Negara sebagai sebuah entitas dimana meliputi sebuah kawasan yang diakui (Kedaulatan) ,mempunyai pemerintahan, serta mempunyai rakyat...."

"Competitions amongst International Schools recently become a major concern of School management. The numbers of opening International schools in Jakarta provide a large opportunity of labor market especially those interested in working for a school. Hiring and retaining competent employees are not jobs; school management need to generate an attractive package to attract qualified employees. This research focuses on the job satisfaction from two different perspectives i.e. compensation and organizational climate. This research analyzes the correlation between compensation and organizational climate as factors that provide employee?s job satisfaction at British International School. Descriptive method is used to explore the correlations and identify the attribution of each factor that affects employee?s job satisfactions. The research indicates that compensation and organizational climate strongly affect the job satisfactions."