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"Since independence day, our founding fathers had made awere to realize the purpose of NKRI establishment. Indonesia that has a wide territory needs to conduct through decentralization strategy. Decentralization policy has caused autonomous (province and district/city) that carry out local autonomy in border and principle of NKRI . To realize the purpose of local autonomy conducted by autonomous local government (province, district/city) that are conditionally in diversity involving autonomous regions that have lands and lands and islands characteristic. In case of realizing special local autonomy in islands region needs a price public strategy policy and appropriate to the region itself as it is presented in this article."

"refers tp law No. 32/2004, transferring autonomy to local government is directed to some issues, they are : political aspect, transferring autonomy to local government is aimed to involving in channeling people' s aspiration into development program for local interest or to support national policy on democracy. Governance management , transferring autonomy to local government aimed to increase capability to governance management, transferring autonomy to local government aimed to increase capability of governance implementation, particularly in providing service to people's need. People's aspect, transferring autonomy to local government aimed to increase people participatory, to grow and accelerate self - reliant of the people up as well, in order that they don't depend on government's provision in the process of growing , so that they have strong root of core competence. Economy development, aspect, transferring local autonomy in various state, there are 2 big formulations in formulating the law related to the division of governance affairs, they are : 1. General competence and 2. Ultra vires . General competence is limitative because the affairs (the tasks) carried out by government is limitative and the rest is local authority (see Residue Theory). While limited autonomy formulation, local affairs are formulated imitatively and the rest is central government authority. Reviewing the emerge of Law No. 32/2004. on Local Governance, it has been has revised twice as the follow up Constitutional Court's Appeal, which stated that the affairs on conducting Direct Local Election (Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung or Pilkade) as the impact of earthquake, turbulence, disorder and other problems and also independent candidate. In the framework of Law Revision No. 32/2004 on Local Governance done comprehensively integrated need to agree the platforms of home affairs governance and grand design of local autonomy. However, those issues haven,t been realized yet."

"Kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka ditetapkan berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi dengan pedoman Nomor 262/M/2022 tentang Perubahan Atas Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 56/M/2022 tentang Pedoman Penerapan Kurikulum dalam Rangka Pemulihan Pembelajaran dengan tujuan mengatasi learning loss. Learning loss merupakan ketertinggalan hingga hilangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang sebelumnya telah dipelajari siswa yang mana learning loss pada siswa SMAN di Jakarta Utara dipicu oleh tingginya tingkat putus sekolah serta dominasi latar belakang ekonomi tidak mampu, yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi Kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka belajar pada SMAN di Jakarta Utara dalam mengatasi Learning Loss berdasarkan perspektif Guru dengan menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan publik oleh Van Meter dan Van Horn (1975). Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif post positivist dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka berdasarkan perspektif guru dinilai mampu mengatasi learning loss. Hasil capaian belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan selama menggunakan Kurikulum Merdeka. Selain itu, kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka telah memiliki standarisasi dan tujuan yang jelas, adanya koordinasi, dan terdapat buku pedoman bagi guru untuk mengajar. Guru memahami dan mendukung implementasi dalam mengatasi learning loss melalui adanya upaya pemberian metode dan materi pembelajaran sesuai kebutuhan siswa. Meskipun begitu, terdapat beberapa aspek yang perlu menjadi perhatian yakni belum sepenuhnya guru ingin belajar serta kurangnya jumlah guru dalam menerapkan kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka guna mengatasi learning loss pada SMAN Jakarta Utara. Rekomendasi yang diberikan yakni memperkuat koordinasi dan sinergitas Kemendikbud Ristek, Sudin Jakarta Utara, hingga guru SMAN untuk menyelenggarakan pembukaan Pegawai Pemerintah dengan perjanjian Kontrak (PPPK), melaksanakan kolaborasi antar sekolah untuk mengatasi keterbatasan guru, dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan PMM dalam penerapan kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka.

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The Merdeka Curriculum Policy is established based on the Decree of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology with guideline Number 262/M/2022, amending the Decree of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Number 56/M/2022 on Guidelines for Curriculum Implementation in the Context of Learning Recovery, with the aim of addressing learning loss. Learning loss refers to the lag or loss of knowledge and skills previously acquired by students, which in the case of students at SMAN in North Jakarta is triggered by high dropout rates and the dominance of economically disadvantaged backgrounds, significantly affecting the learning process. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum Policy at SMAN in North Jakarta in overcoming Learning Loss from the perspective of teachers using the public policy implementation theory by Van Meter and Van Horn (1975). The method used is qualitative post-positivist with deep interview data collection techniques and literature studies. The results show that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum Policy from the perspective of teachers is considered effective in addressing learning loss. Student learning outcomes have improved during the use of the Merdeka Curriculum. Furthermore, the Merdeka Curriculum policy has clear standards and goals, coordination, and there are teaching guidelines for teachers. Teachers understand and support the implementation in addressing learning loss through efforts to provide teaching methods and materials according to student needs. However, there are some aspects that need attention, namely that not all teachers are fully willing to learn and there is a shortage of teachers in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum policy to address learning loss at SMAN in North Jakarta. The recommendations given are to strengthen coordination and synergy between the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, the North Jakarta Education Office, and SMAN teachers to conduct the recruitment of Government Employees with Contract Agreements (PPPK), carry out collaboration between schools to address teacher shortages, and optimize the use of PMM in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum policy."

"Penelitian ini menjelaskan dampak proses globalisasi dan otonomi khusus yang terjadi secara bersamaan pada pengelolaan huitan berkelanjutan di Provinsi Aceh. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualiitatif, tiga aspek diteliti: respons kebijakan dan institusi oleh pemerintah Aceh dan dampaknya pada keberlanjutan dua ekosistem penting, Leuser dan Ulu Masen. Teori proses kebijakan dan ekologi politik digunakan untuk menjelaskan narasi, aktor dan jaringan, serta kepentingan yang mempengaruhi pembuatan dan hasil kebijakan. Indeks Tata Kelola Hutan yang Baik dengan menggunakan teknik Multi Dimentional Scaling digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja lembaga yang mengurus konservasi yang dibentuk Pascatsunami di Aceh. Teknik yang sama digunakan untuk mengukur keberlanjutan kawasan hutan dengan melibatkan lima dimensi pengelolaan hutan di Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat empat narasi dengan berbagai aktor dan kepentingan terlibat dalam proses kebijakan kehutanan/konservasi di Aceh. Kebijakan dan lembaga yang dibentuk pascatsunami memiliki kinerja kurang baik dan status keberlanjutan kawasan hutan juga kurang berkelanjutan. Berdasarkan temuan ini, sebuah model kemitraan pemerintah-swata diusulkan untuk mengelola kawasan hutan Aceh secara berkelanjutan di masa mendatang.

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This research explains the impact of parallel processes of asymmetric decentralization in the form of special autonomy and globalization through REDD+ on sustainable forest management in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Using qualitative approach, three key aspects are studied: the policy and institutional responses of the government of Aceh and the sustainability of forest management for two important ecosystems: Leuser and Ulu Masen. Political ecology and policy process theories are used to explain the narratives behind a policy, the actors involved, and the political interests influencing the policy making and outputs. Good Forest Governance index by using Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) technique is used to measure the performance of conservation institutions formed during the post tsunami Aceh. Similar MDS technique is used to develop sustainability index by looking at five dimensions of sustainable forest management in Aceh.

The results show that four main narratives with different actors and political interests involved in influencing forest conservation arena in Aceh. The conservation policy and institutions formed in post-tsunami Aceh have not performed well and the sustainability status for the two ecosystems studied are less sustainable. Based on these results, a model of public-private partnership is developed to manage future forest conservation in Aceh."

"Di awal diberlakukannya UU Nomor 22 Tahun 1999 yang mengatur perubahan status desa menjadi kelurahan, faktual di lapangan menimbulkan resistensi di kalangan para kepala desa. Hal tersebut disebabkan adanya kekhawatiran dari para kepala desa terhadap masa jabatan yang harus berakhir dan persyaratan status PNS untuk para kepala kelurahan.Peraturan Daerah (Perda) pada dasamya adalah aktualitas dari kebijakan publik. Sebagai sarana administrasi bagi berjalannya fungsi-fungsi publik, Perda seyogyanya berfungsi sebagai jawaban dari berbagai masalah publik. Sehingga keberadaannya akan mengikat dan berpengaruh terhadap masyarakat. Hanya saja, sejauhmana perda dapat memenuhi fungsi-fungsi itu merupakan hal yang penting untuk diketahui.Penelitian ini mengupayakan kajian Persepsi Para Lurah Terhadap Implementasi Kebijakan Kota Bogor Dalam Mengkonversi Desa Menjadi Kelurahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan persepsi para Iurah mengenai efektifitas dan dampak pelaksanaan peraturan daerah No. 9 Tabun 2001 tentang Pembentukan, Pemecahan, Penggabungan dan Penghapusan Kelurahan di Kota Bogor.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, studi kasus dan ex post facto. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri atas data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui penelusuran berbagai kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif secara kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prioritas langkah yang paling efektif di dalam pelaksanaan peraturan daerah adalah penanganan perubahan kelembagaan (administrasi) dan meningkatkan sosialisasi peraturan daerah. Dampak yang sangat signifikan di dalam pelaksanaan peraturan daerah ini adalah berjalannya pembangunan fisik dan sosial serta adanya peningkatan pelayanan masyarakat. Peran DPRD yang sangat efektif di dalam sosialisasi peraturan daerah adalah bahwa anggota DPRD harus mengetahui peraturan daerah, berkomunikasi dan bertukar informasi dengan para lurah sebagai pelaksana kebijakan.Peningkatan kinerja aparatur pemerintahan (good government) dan tata pemerintahan yang baik (good governance), merupakan prasyarat utama di dalam keberhasilan pelaksanaan peraturan daerah. Dengan hat tersebut, perlu adanya peningkatan komunikasi yang baik antara Pemerintah Kota dengan aparat di tingkat kelurahan.Penelitian ini diharapkan sebagai bahan masukan kepada Pemerintah Daerah, DPRD, Masyarakat dan Partai Politik (khususnya di wilayah Kota Bogor) dalarn upaya mereposisi peranan dan fungsinya di dalam proses pembuatan peraturan daerah ke arah yang optimal.

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In the beginning of the implementation of UU No. 2211999 which convert the status of desa to kelurahan, there was some resistances among Kepala Desa (Head of Desa). Those resistances was caused by the uncertainties faced by Kepala Desa on their position and status. Under UU No. 2211999 there will be no more Kepala Desa and all must be converted to kelurahan headed by a government official (PNS).

Regional Acts (PERDA) are essentially reflection of public policy. As an administration tool for public services to function, PERDA should play a role as answer for various public problems such that PERDA has meaning and the benefits are felt by the people. How far PERDA has satisfied its basic objectives need to be investigated.

This research tried to investigate perception of Lurah on the implementation of Bogor municipality's policy in converting Desa to Kelurahan. This research is aimed at describing the perception of Lurah on affectivity and impact of the implementation PERDA No. 1912001 regulating establishment, breaking, merging, and alleviation of Kelurahan at Bogor.

The method used was descriptive, case study and ex post facto. Data consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using questioner and secondary data were collected from various references and documentations. Data were analyzed qualitatively using descriptive analysis.

The result shows that the most effective step in implementing a PERDA is managing the institutional change (Administration) and increasing the socialization of PERDA. The most significant impact in the implementation of this PERDA is the success of physical and social development and the improvement of public services. The role of DPRD (Regional Parliament) in socializing the PERDA is by making each parliament member. Understand every PERDA and communicate the PERDA with Lurah as executors of the PERDA.

The Improvement of performance of government officials (good government) and good governance are pre requisite for the implementation of a PERDA to be successful. For that reason, there is a need to increase the good communication between the executives of municipality with the officials at Kelurahan level.

This research is expected to be useful as inputs for regional government, DPRD, community and political parties especially those at Bogor municipality, in trying to reposition their role and function in the process of formulating an optimal PERDA."

"ABSTRAKPenetapan kebijakan Doi Moi di Vietnam merupakan langkah awal dari Partai Komunis Vietnam untuk menaikkan perekonomian negara. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan cara mengubah sistem perekonomian sentralistik menjadi desentralistik dan membuka liberalisasi perdagangan. Penerapan Doi Moi tidak hanya berdampak pada sektor ekonomi, namun juga pada sektor kesehatan yang ditunjukan dengan adanya ketidakmerataan akses terhadap layanan kesehatan. Pemerintah selanjutnya mengeluarkan Dekrit 43 Tahun 2006 mengenai otonomisasi badan usaha publik, termasuk rumah sakit. Kebijakan tersebut diharapkan berfungsi sebagai solusi atas permasalan layanan kesehatan pada saat itu. Penulisan ini akan menganalisis implementasi Dekrit 43 tahun 2006 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif serta teori implementasi kebijakan publik yang digagas oleh Daniel A. Mazmanian dan Paul A. Sabatier. Hasil dari temuan penelitian ini adalah pemberian otonomi tersebut dianggap tidak berhasil karena masih terdapat komersialisasi layanan kesehatan, sehingga menyebabkan ketidakmerataan layanan kesehatan.

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ABSTRACTThe implementation of Doi Moi`s policy in Vietnam is the first step of the Communist Party of Vietnam to raise the country`s economy, by transforming the centralized economic system into a decentralized system and opening trade liberalization. The implementation of Doi Moi not only affects the economic sector, but also the health sector as indicated by the inequity of access to the health services. The government subsequently issued Decree 43 of 2006 about the autonomization of public business entities including hospitals. The policy is expected to work as a solution to health care problems at the time. However, after the policy is running, there is still commercialization of health services, so that the implementation of health care policy fails. Based on the problems, this paper will analyze the implementation of Decree 43 of 2006, using a qualitative approach and the theory of public policy implementation created by Daniel A. Mazmanian and Paul A. Sabatier. The finding of this study is that the provision of autonomization towards public health care is unsuccessful. Considering after the implementation of the policy, the commercialization of health services is still there, causing an inequality of health services."

"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bagaimana pelaksanaan koordinasi yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Pertamanan dan Pemakaman Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam pengelolaan jalur pedestrian. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi lapangan dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan koordinasi Dinas Pertamanan dan Pemakaman Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam pengelolaan jalur pedestrian dilakukan dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pengawasan dengan mekanisme koordinasi hierarkis. Koordinasi horizontal dilakukan pada seluruh seksi dan bidang di Dinas Pertamanan dan Pemakaman sedangkan koordinasi vertikal dilakukan antara Dinas Pertamanan dan Pemakaman dan Asisten Pembangunan dan Lingkungan Hidup. Koordinasi eksternal dilakukan dengan pihak-pihak terkait yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan jalur pedestrian.

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This research discusses how the coordination is done by DKI Jakarta Parks and Cemeteries Department on the management of pedestrian way. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach through field studies and literature studies. The results showed that the implementation of coordination was conducted in planning, implementation, and supervision using Coordination by Hierarchy-Type Mechanisms. Horizontal coordination is done at the entire section of DKI Jakarta Parks and Cemeteries Department while the vertical coordination was conducted between DKI Jakarta Parks and Cemeteries Department and Assistant for Development and Environment. External coordination is done with the relevant parties relating to the management of the pedestrian path."