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"Research has consistently documented the significance of severe life events for onset of major depression. Theory, however, suggests other forms of stress are relevant for depression's recurrence. Nonsevere life events were tested in relation to depression for 126 patients with recurrent depression in a 3-year randomized maintenance protocol. Life stress was assessed every 12 weeks and rated along dimensions of severity, focus, and independence. A significant interaction between specific types of nonsevere life events and medication was found. For medicated patients, subject-focused independent nonsevere life events predicted recurrence; for unmedicated patients, these events predicted fewer recurrences. Other nonsevere life events did not predict recurrence. The findings underscore the potential importance of specific stressors for triggering recurrences of depression."

"This book offers complete coverage of clinically important topics in neurology."

"This volume presents information on stem cells and cancer stem cells, therapeutic applications in disease and tissue/organ injury. Methodologies of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering are major components of this volume. Specific stem cells discussed are, human embryonic stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, cord blood stem cells, human pluripotent stem cells, gliosarcoma stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, intestinal stem cells, human thyroid cancer stem cells, tumor stem cells, menstrual stem-like cells, neural stem cells, breast cancer stem cells, allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, fetal membrane-derived mesemchynmal stem cells, and omental stem cells. The method for isolating bone marrow stromal cells is explained. Method for generating marmoset-induced pluripotent stem cells, using transcription factors, is also explained. Use of stem cell lines in therapeutic applications is discussed. Programming of stem cells is described. Methods for transplantation of stem cells are presented. Use of various types of stem cells for conditions such as stroke, ischemia, heart diseases, Alzhemier’s disease, and neurogenerative diseases in general, is explained. For example, generation of human cardiac muscle cells from adipose-derived stem cells is included. Another example is repairing bone defects using mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal-derived endothelial cells. Differentiation of new neurons from neural stem cells is described. Method for repairing retina condition using human embryonic stem cells is explained; these cells can induce neural differentiation. Treatment of graft-versus-host disease resulting from hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is elaborated."

"ABSTRAK Jumlah Perawat Klinis PK III paling banyak ditemukan di Unit Rawat Jalan, penempatan perawat pada setiap unit belum sesuai dengan keterampilan dan rincian kewenangannya sebagai perawat klinis. PK III yaitu perawat dengan kategori keahlian kompeten, memiliki rincian dan kewenangan klinis yang tinggi dengan kemampuan asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif pada area spesifik dan mampu mengembangkan pelayanan keperawatan berdasarkan bukti ilmiah. Penempatan PK III dari seluruhnya sebanyak 191 dan 27 perawat ditempatkan Unit Rawat Jalan menyebabkan ketidak merataan pemetaan PK III pada setiap unit. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, penelitian ini berfokus pada deskripsi arti dan makna pengalaman PK III di Unit Rawat Jalan. Partisipan adalah 10 perawat di Unit Rawat Jalan dengan usia 36 mdash;52 tahun dengan jenjang karier PK III. Teridentifikasi lima tema yaitu pemetaan PK III di Unit Rawat Jalan karena permintaan perawat, kurangnya pemahaman PK III di Unit Rawat Jalan terkait rincian kewenangan klinisnya, beban kerja sebagai PK III di Unit Rawat Jalan lebih ringan dibandingkan unit lainnya, PK III lebih merasa nyaman bekerja di Unit Rawat Jalan, dan PK III memiliki peran sebagai penanggung jawab dan edukator di Unit Rawat Jalan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu pertimbangan bagi manajer keperawatan dalam memetakan perawat di setiap unit dan bila tidak dilakukan maka kerugian yang timbul dari fenomena ini akan terulang. Kata Kunci: Jenjang Karier, Pemetaan Perawat, Perawat Klinis III, Perawat Kompeten, Unit Rawat Jalan ABSTRACT The number of level III clinical nurse was most prevalent in the Outpatient Unit, the placement of nurse in each unit was not accordance with the skills and clinical nurse privilege as clinical nurse. Level III Clinical nurse is a nurse with competent skill category, has high clinical details and authority with comprehensive nursing care capability in specific area and able to develop nursing service based on scientific evidence. The placement of level III clinical nurse of all 191 and 27 nurses placed in the Outpatient Unit led to uneven level III clinical nurse mapping on each unit. This research uses qualitative design with phenomenology approach. This study focuses on the description of meaning and meaning of level II clinical nurse experience in Outpatient Unit. Participants were 10 nurses in the Outpatient Unit with age 36 mdash 52 years with level III clinical nurse career ladder. Identified five themes namely level III clinical nurse mapping in Outpatient Unit due to request of nurse, lack of understanding of level III clinical nurse in Outpatient Unit related to details of clinical authority, workload as level III clinical nurse in Unit Outpatient was lighter than other unit, level III clinical nurse more comfortable working in Outpatient Unit, and level III clinical nurse have the role of responsible and educator in Outpatient Unit. The result of this study can be used as one of the considerations for nursing managers in mapping the nurses in each unit and if not then the losses arising from this phenomenon will be repeated. Keywords Clinical Ladder, Clinical Nurse Level III, Competent Nurse, Nurse Mapping, Outpatient Unit "