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"Tugas karya akhir ini membahas terkait pencegahan doping yang dilakukan oleh Indonesia Anti-Doping Organization(IADO) terhadap atlet melalui edukasi. Doping diartikan sebagai penggunaan zat dan/atau metode terlarang untuk meningkatkan prestasi atlet. Doping tidak hanya melanggar nilai-nilai olahraga, namun juga berbahaya bagi kesehatan atlet. Oleh karena itu, IADO melakukan edukasi sebagai bentuk pencegahan doping pada atlet. Dalam menganalisis edukasi sebagai bentuk pencegahan, penulis menggunakan pendekatan pencegahan kejahatan sosial. Tulisan ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Catatan Tahunan IADO 2022 dan beberapa artikel berita dari situs resmi IADO. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa edukasi yang menyasar beberapa cabang olahraga dan provinsi di Indonesia berperan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman atlet seputar anti-doping dan menurunkan angka doping di Indonesia. Namun, masih terdapat beberapa celah perbaikan yang harus IADO benahi agar ke depannya edukasi dapat berperan secara efektif dalam mencegah doping pada atlet.

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This paper discusses the prevention of doping carried out by Indonesia Anti-Doping Organization (IADO) for athletes through education. Doping is defined as the use of prohibited substances and/or methods to enhance athlete performance. Doping not only violates sporting values, but is also harmful to the health of athletes. Therefore, IADO conducts education as a form of doping prevention in athletes. In analyzing education as a form of prevention, the authors use a social crime prevention approach. This paper uses secondary data obtained from the 2022 Annual Report and several news articles from the official IADO website. The results of the analysis show that education that targets several sports and provinces in Indonesia plays a role in increasing athletes' understanding of anti-doping and reducing the number of doping in Indonesia. However, there are still a number of drawbacks that IADO must address so that in the future education can play an effective role in preventing doping in athletes."

"Sampel La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3 dengan x = 0 ; 0.05 ; 0.10 ; 0.15 dan 0.50 dari bahan dasar La2O3, SrCO2, MnCO3, dan Fe2O3 disentesis dengan menggunakan metode mechanical alloying. Keempat bahan dasar tersebut dicampur dengan menggunakan Planetary Ball Milling selama 15 jam, dikompaksi, kalsinasi pada suhu 800°C selama 8 jam dan disintering pada suhu 1200°C selama 12 jam. Identifikasi fasa dilakukan dengan menggunakan difraksi sinar X dan refinement GSAS dan diperoleh sampel La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3 single phase untuk semua komposisi x, yang memiliki struktur kristal Rhombohedral. Pengukuran terhadap nilai konduktivitas dan magnetoresistansi (MR) sampel diukur menggunakan Four Point Probe (FPP), sedangkan nilai magnetisasinya diukur menggunakan permagraph. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran tersebut disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar doping Fe yang diberikan pada sampel La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3 membuat nilai magnetisasi dan konduktivitas sampel semakin menurun. Nilai negatif magnetoresistansi sampel pada umumnya mengalami penurunan. Untuk x = 0.05 nilai negatif magnetoresistansi sampel paling besar yaitu 3,65%, tetapi untuk x = 0.5 bersifat positif magnetoresistansi. Penurunan nilai magnetisasi dan konduktivitas sampel terjadi karena adanya kompetisi interaksi Double Exchange (DE) dan superexchange yang terjadi pada sistem. Interaksi Double Exchange (DE) terjadi antara ion Mn3+-O-Mn4+, sedangkan interaksi superexchange muncul karena interaksi antara ion Fe3+-O-Fe3+ akibat adanya doping Fe pada site Mn di sistem sampel La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3.

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La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3 sample with concentration x = 0 ; 0.05 ; 0.10 ; 0.15 ; and 0,5 of La2O3, SrCO2, MnCO3, and Fe2O3 are synthesized using mechanical alloying. The fourth of basic matter are mixed with using Planetary Ball Milling during 15 hours, compacted, calcinations on 8000C during 8 hours and sinter at 1200°C during 12 hours. Phase identification is carried out using X ray diffraction and GSAS refinement, getting La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3 which single phase for all x composition, that have Rhombohedral crystal structure. Conductivity and magnetoresistance (MR) are measured using Four Point Probe (FPP), while magnetization is measured using permagraph. From the measurement we get that the bigger Fe doping the more magnetization and conductivity is decreases. For negative magnetoresistance generally is decreases, the biggest negative magnetoresistance is 3,65% for x = 0.05, but for x = 0.5 has positive magnetoresistance. The decreases of magnetization and conductivity due to there were competition between Double Exchange (DE) and Superexchange in the system. Double Exchange (DE) interaction happened between Mn3+-O-Mn4+ ion, while Superexchange a rises because of interaction between Fe3+-O-Fe3+ ion due to Fe doping on Mn site in the La0,67Sr0,33Mn1-xFexO3."

"Material Bi1-xGdxFeO3 dengan nilai x=0, 0.06, 0.1, 0.2 dibuat melalui metode solgel autocombustion. Material dibuat denganprekursorFe(NO3)3.9H2O powder, Bi(NO3).6H2O powder, Gd(NO3)3.6H2O powder, H2O, dan citric acid (C6H8O7). Material ini di-sintering pada temperatur 750oC selama 3 jam setelah diperoleh gel. Pengaruh dari variasi doping Gd pada material BFO ini menjadi fokus yang akan dipelajari. Kemudian material ini akan dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Permagraph, dan SEM Edax. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa terjadi pembentukan dua fasa yang berbeda. Secara umum hasil pengujian Permagrapf pada suhu ruang menunjukkan bahwa material tersebut bersifat diamagnetik yang dikarenakan tingginya intensitas bismuth pada material.

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Bi1-xGdxFeO3material which is x = 0, 0.06, 0.1, 0.2 is made by the sol-gel method autocombustion. The material is made with the precursors of Fe(NO3)3.9H2O powder, Bi(NO3).6H2O powder, Gd(NO3)3.6H2O powder, H2O, andcitric acid (C6H8O7). Then the material will be sintered in 750° for three hours after the gel has been obtained. Effect of Gd doped BFO with variations of x is the main focus that will be learned. After that, this material will be characterized with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Permagraph, and SEM Edax.Result of XRD shows that there?re two differen phase. In general, the result of permagraf testing on room temperature shows that the material is kind of diamagnetic because of the high bismuth intensity on material."

"Drugs in Sport is the most comprehensive and accurate text available on this complex and controversial subject. Now in a fully revised and updated fifth edition, taking into account the latest regulations, methods and landmark cases, the book explores the hard science behind drug use in sport, as well as the ethical, social, political and administrative contexts. It is supported throughout by data, illustrative case studies, and references for further reading.ContentsSect 1 The basis for and regulation of drug use in sport 1. An introduction to drugs and their use in sport2. A historical perspective of doping and anti-doping in sport3. Medicines for Olympic and Commonwealth GamesSect 2 Substances and methods prohibited in sport 4. Anabolic agents5. Peptide hormones and related substances6. Beta-2 agonists7. Hormone antagonists and modulators8. Diuretics and other masking agents9. Enhanced oxygen transfer10. Prohibited methods: chemical and physical manipulation11. Gene doping12. Stimulants13. Narcotic analgesic drugs14. Cannabinoids15. Glucocorticosteroids16. Alcohol17. Beta blockersSect 3 Substances and methods permitted in sport 18. Supplements for high intensity exercise: creatine and other ergogenic aids19. Supplement use in sport20. Caffeine21. Over-the-counter stimulants and herbal preparations22. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs23. Melatonin and related substances24. Hypoxic chambers and other artificial environmentsSect 4 The extent of doping in sport 25. Prevalence of drug misuse in sport."

"Doping yttrium ions, Y3+ into ZrO2 produced Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia, YSZ. Various amount of yttrium ions could provide different ionic conductivity. This research investigated electrical conductivity of various YSZ composition, i.e., 4.5; 8.0 and 10% mol yttrium in ZrO2. The ZrO2 powder used was synthesized from zircon sand, a side product of tin mining plant, Bangka Island, Indonesia. Structural investigation on the prepared YSZ found that yttrium ion doping has changed the crystal structure of ZrO2 from monoclinic to cubic, even though the monoclinic and tetragonal are also still exist. The Y3+ doping changed the cell parameter of ZrO2 crystal. It indicates that the Y3+ entered into the ZrO2 structure and produced vacancy sites. The highest ionic conductivity is provided by 8% mol Yttrium doping or 8YSZ, i.e., 2.74×10-4 S.cm-1 at 700oC with an activation energy of 0.741 eV."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas tiga permasalahan. Pertama, bagaimana penerapan hukum pidana terhadap kasus-kasus kekerasan yang dilakukan olahragawan dalam sebuah pertandingan pada cabang olahraga sepak bola? Kedua, perbuatan¬perbuatan apa saja yang dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran disiplin menurut peraturan organisasi sepak bola namun di sisi lain merupakan suatu tindak pidana menurut hukum nasional? Ketiga, bagaimana jika parameter legitimate sport dalam kasus R v. Barnes (2004) EWCA Crim 3246 diterapkan pada hukum pidana Indonesia? Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yang dipadu dengan penelitian lapangan, penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu standar yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai apakah suatu tindakan kekerasan di lapangan sepak bola merupakan tindak pidana penganiayaan atau merupakan bagian dari permainan sepak bola. Parameter legitimate sport dalam kasus R v. Barnes dapat dijadikan standar untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Skripsi ini berkesimpulan hukum pidana dapat diberlakukan terhadap kasus-kasus kekerasan yang dilakukan olahragawan dalam sebuah pertandingan pada cabang olahraga sepak bola dan ia harus selalu dijadikan jalan terakhir untuk menyelesaikan kasus-kasus tersebut. Selain itu, terdapat fakta dimana beberapa perbuatan yang dikategorikan sebagai pelanggaran disiplin menurut peraturan organisasi olahraga juga diatur oleh hukum nasional sebagai suatu tindak pidana. Terakhir, parameter legitimate sport dalam kasus R v. Barnes (2004) EWCA Crim 3246 dapat diterapkan pada hukum pidana Indonesia untuk menentukan ada/ tidaknya persetujuan olahragawan untuk menerima tindakan kekerasan pada suatu pertandingan sepak bola sehingga dapat ditentukan apakah tindakan kekerasan tersebut merupakan bagian dari permainan atau telah memasuki ranah hukum pidana untuk dapat dinyatakan sebagai tindak pidana penganiayaan.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis mainly discuss about three problems. First, how the enforcement of criminal law related to the cases of violent action by athlete in football games works' Second, what kind of action that can be included as a breach of discipline according to the rules of football organization, and as a crime according to the national law. Third, how if the parameter of legitimate sport in the case of R v. Barnes (2004) EWCA Crim 3246 is applied in Indonesian criminal law. By combining the literature research method with the field research method, this thesis aims to provide a standard that can be used to assess whether an act of violence on the field is a maltreatment or a part of the football game. The parameter of legitimate sport in the case of R v. Barnes can be used as a standard to address these problems. This thesis concludes that criminal law can be applied to the cases of violence by athlete in a football games and it should always be used as the last choice to resolve such cases. Moreover, there are some facts show that some actions referred as a violation of discipline according to sports organizations regulation are also being regulated under national law as a crime. Last, the parameter of legitimate sport in the case of R v. Barnes (2004) EWCA Crim 3246 can be applied in the Indonesian criminal law to determine the presence/absence of athlete?s consent to receive the violence at a football game. So, it can be determined whether the violence was a part of the game or has become the appertain of the realm of criminal law to be categorized as a maltreatment. "

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang aspek-aspek apa saja yang mempengaruhi muncul banyaknya lapangan futsal milik swasta di perkotaan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan ada beberapa aspek yang mempengaruhi munculnya lapangan futsal milik swasta tersebut, seperti: Futsal hadir sebagai solusi yang efektif dan efisien terhadap sulitnya bermain sepakbola di perkotaan, dikarenakan kurangnya fasilitas olahraga dan ruang terbuka. Fasilitas olahraga yang tersedia masih belum mampu memberikan keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi pengguna. Selain itu, rutinitas masyarakat urbanyang sangat padat menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran perilaku masyarakat yang cenderung memilih fasilitas swasta untuk berolahraga. Hal ini dikarenakan fasilitas milik swasta bisa memberikan kepuasan, keamanan, dan kenyamanan bagi pengguna. Hadirnya olahraga futsal diikuti dengan munculnya lapangan futsal milik swasta ini memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat perkotaan untuk berolahraga.This writing is talking about any aspects that influence the emergent of many private futsal courts in the urban. From this writing, the conclusion is there are some aspects that influence the emergent of those private futsal court, for example futsal exist as an effective solution upon the difficulty to play football in the urban, due to lack of sports facilities and open space, due to lack of sports facilities and open space. Sports facilities available are still not able to provide security and comfort for the user. In addition, the routines of urban society, which is very busy causes, the shifting attitudes of society who tend to choose private facilities for exercise. It's because private-owned facilities can provide satisfaction, safety, and convenience for users. The existence of futsal followed by the development of private futsal court give the chance for the people to do sport easily."