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"Summary:Preceded by: Diving and subaquatic medicine"

"Pulau Pari adalah gugusan dari Kepulauan Seribu yang terletak diantara 5⁰ 50' LS-05⁰ 52' LS dan 106⁰ 34' BT-106⁰ 38' BT. Pulau Pari yang memiliki potensi akan wisata, sehingga perlu adanya pengelolaan mengenai hal tersebut. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka perlu adanya analisis mengenai terumbu karang, daya dukung lingkungan, perilaku wisatawan, dan usulan mengenai skenario pengelolaan wisata selam. Pendekatan riset yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan mix method (kuantitatif dan kualitatif). Analisis yang digunakan pada riset ini adalah kondisi terumbu karang, data kelimpahan ikan karang, kesesuaian lahan perairan, daya dukung kawasan, dan analisis perilaku wisatawan. Hasil kondisi terumbu karang di Pulau Pari pada Stasiun 1 dan 4 adalah kategori sangat buruk, Stasiun 2 kategori baik, dan Stasiun 3,5, dan 6 termasuk dalam kategori buruk. Hasil pada kesesuian wisata pada perairan Pulau Pari termasuk dalam kategori S2 dengan pengertian termasuk dalam kategori sesuai. Pada kegiatan wisata selam, maka akan sangat terkait dengan wisatawan. Pada analisis perilaku wisatawan sebanyak 50 responden, mendapatkan hasil bahwa 58% wisatawan pernah melakukan perilaku destruktif. Hasil Analisis menunjukkan bahwa wisata selam sendiri menyumbang 7,26% kerusakan terumbu karang. Daya dukung wisata berfungsi untuk menetapkan jumlah wisatawan, dimana didapatkan hasil 22 orang/hari dan usulan dibagi menjadi 3 zona pemanfaatan yaitu : zona inti, zona penyangga, dan zona pemanfaatan.

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Pari Island is a cluster of the Thousand Islands, located between 5⁰ 50' LS-05⁰ 52' LS dan 106⁰ 34' BT-106⁰ 38' BT. Pari Island which has the potential to be tourist, so it needs the management about it. Based on this, the need for analysis of the coral reefs, the carrying capacity of the environment, tourist behavior, and proposals regarding the dive tourism management scenarios. Approach to research carried out in this study using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative). The analysis used in this research is the condition of coral reefs, reef fish abundance of data, land suitability waters, the carrying capacity of the region, and the analysis of tourist behavior. The result of the condition of coral reefs in Pulau Pari at Station 1 and 4 is a very bad category, Station 2 good category, Station 3,5, 6 stations included in the category of bad. The yield on the suitability travel in Pari Island waters included in the S2 category with the understanding included in the appropriate category. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization. At the dive tourism activities, it will be associated with tourists. In rating the behavior analysis of 50 respondents, get the result that 58% of tourists ever do destructive behavior. Analysis showed that the dive tourism alone accounts for 7.26% of coral reef damage. Tourism carrying capacity is used to set the number of tourists, which showed 22 people/day and the proposed utilization are divided into 3 zones, namely: core zone, buffer zone, and the zone of utilization."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses, indikator, danmengetahui hambatan proses pengambilan keputusan dalam memilih lokasikegiatan Peningkatan kapasitas Pemandu Selam pada Kementerian Pariwisata.Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan databerupa wawancara mendalam dan observasi lapangan. Berdasarkan hasilpenelitian, proses pengambilan keputusan terdiri dari beberapa tahapan,diantaranya adalah menentukan alternatif-alternatif pilihan, mengumpulkan datadan informasi serta menganalisanya, dan menentukan pilihan dari berbagaialternatif-alternatif yang menjadikan pengambilan keputusan termasuk ke dalampengambilan keputusan rasionalitas terbatas. Beberapa indikator yang digunakandalam proses pengambilan keputusan diantaranya adalah arahan pimpinan,destinasi prioritas yang dikhususkan pada destinasi-destinasi yang termasukkedalam developing area, keamanan dan keselamatan, pemerataan, dan informasiindustri wisata selam. Terdapat beberapa hambatan yang dijumpai pada prosespengambilan keputusan, diantaranya adalah terbatasnya anggaran kegiatan,hambatan karena adanya arahan pimpinan, dan hambatan terakhir adalah karenadata dan informasi yang digunakan dalam pemilihan lokasi kegiatan tidak secaralengkap dan akurat.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the process, indicators, and know the resistancedecision-making process in choosing the location of activities Increased capacityGuides Dive at the Ministry of Tourism. This research approach is qualitative datacollection methods such as in-depth interviews and field observations. Accordingto the research, decision-making process consists of several stages, including thedetermining of alternatives, collecting data and information and analyze it, andmake a selection from a variety of alternatives makes the decision belongs to thelimited rationality decision making. Some of the indicators used in the decisionmaking process of which is the direction of the leadership, a priority destinationdevoted to the destinations included into developing area, security and safety,equity, and the dive tourism industry information. There are some obstaclesencountered in the decision-making process, including the activities budgetconstraints, barriers for their direction of the leadership, and the last obstacle isthat the data and information used in the location selection is complete andaccurate."

"The key to great looking, healthy skin is what people eat and how they look after their bodies. Showing how readers can achieve radiant skin and clear up skin complaints such as acne and dryness by following a plan of sound nutrition, exercises and stress control, this book looks at how the skin works and how it reflects the health of the inside of the body - a factor often overlooked in favour of expensive creams and lotions. The book also addresses problems associated with different age groups, stressing that how skin is looked after in the early years can affect it for life. This comprehensive book proves that "you are what you eat" and that it's never too late to achieve super skin. Kathryn Marsden is the author of "The Food Combining Diet"

"Kulit sebagai organ terbesar dan terluar dari tubuh manusia yang langsung berhadapan dengan lingkungan luar menjadi pertahanan fisik lini pertama sekaligus tempat kolonisasi mikrobiota komensal dalam mencegah invasi patogen. Identifikasi komposisi mikrobiota kulit menarik dilakukan untuk mengetahui interaksi antar mikrobiota sehingga mikrobiota kulit komensal yang bersifat probiotik dapat dikembangkan menjadi bahan aktif terapeutik mikrobioma kulit untuk menjaga kesehatan kulit. Keberagaman mikrobiota kulit dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah faktor etnis. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh faktor etnis pada dewasa muda pria dan wanita yang mewakili etnis Papua, Jawa, dan keturunan Tionghoa terhadap profil mikrobioma kulit. DNA genomik mikrobiota dari sampel kulit wajah diekstraksi dan disekuens dengan metode Next Generation Sequencing lalu dilakukan analisis diversitas alfa dan beta. Berdasarkan analisis alfa dengan indeks OTU yang dterobservasi, Shannon, dan Faiths PD, diversitas dalam grup tertinggi terdapat pada grup etnis Papua dan terendah pada grup etnis keturunan Tionghoa, namun diversitas alfa ketiga grup tidak berbeda signifikan secara statistik. Analisis beta dilakukan berdasarkan kualitatif dan kuantitatif menunjukkan pengaruh faktor etnis pada profil mikrobioma kulit antar etnis yang signifikan secara statistik serta pengelompokkan yang baik berdasarkan hasil PCoA pada indeks Jaccard, disimilaritas Bray Curtis, Unweighted, dan Weighted. Bakteri yang bersifat komensal dan dominan selanjutnya dapat dikembangkan menjadi bacterial cocktail maupun formula postbiotik untuk terapi mikrobiota kulit dengan pertimbangan interaksi komposisi mikrobiota kulit pada etnis terkait.

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Skin as the largest and the outermost part of human body that directly exposed to the outer environment serves as the first physical barrier and colonised by commensal bacteria to prevent pathogen invasion. Identifying composition of commensal skin microbiota is interesting to know the interaction between the microbiota so the commensal skin microbiota who has probiotic effect can be developed as active substance of skin microbiome therapeutic to maintain skin health. The skin microbiome diversity is influenced by several factors, one of them is ethnicity. This study shows the influence of ethnicity factor in Papuans, Javanese, and Chinese descent young adults on skin microbiome profiles. The microbiota genomic DNA are extracted from the face skin samples and sequenced with Next Generation Sequencing method to be further analysed on its alpha and beta diversity. According to alpha diversity analysis with observed OTU, Shannon, and Faiths PD indices, the greatest alpha diversity shown in Papuans, while the smallest is shown in the Chinese descent group, but alpha diversity differences between three groups are not statistically significant. Beta diversity was assessed by the use of Jaccard index, Bray Curtis dissimilarity, Unweighted and Weighted Unifrac with PCoA shows the difference skin microbiome profiles according to ethnicity and is statistically significant between ethnic group. The characterised commensal and dominant bacteria can be further developed as bacterial cocktail and postbiotic formula as skin microbiome therapeutic with interaction between skin microbiota composition within each ethnicity taking into account."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang dan tujuan: Prevalensi xerosis pada lanjut usia (lansia) berkisar antara30-85%. Tatalaksana xerosis yang tidak adekuat dapat menimbulkan komplikasi. Ureasebagai humektan dan lanolin 10% dalam petrolatum yang bersifat oklusif dan emolienmampu memperbaiki hidrasi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitasdan efek samping krim yang mengandung urea 10% dengan lanolin 10%/petrolatumpada pengobatan xerosis lansia.Metode: Penelitian uji klinis acak tersamar ganda dilakukan pada 35 orang penghunisuatu panti lansia di Jakarta. Evaluasi skin capacitance (SC), specified symptoms sumscore (SSRC), dan derajat gatal dilakukan pada awal terapi, minggu kedua dan keempat.Setelah prakondisi selama dua minggu, setiap subjek penelitian mendapatkan pelembapyang berbeda secara acak pada kedua tungkai bawah.Hasil: Persentase peningkatan nilai SC setelah empat minggu lebih besar pada tungkaiyang mendapat krim urea 10% dibandingkan lanolin 10%/petrolatum (64,54% vs.58,98%; p=0,036). Persentase penurunan SSRC setelah empat minggu tidak berbedaantara kedua kelompok perlakuan (100%; p=0,089). Derajat gatal pada minggu keduamenurun pada kedua kelompok, hingga menjadi tidak gatal pada seluruh SP (100%)setelah minggu keempat. Efek samping rasa lengket lebih banyak ditemukan padakelompok krim urea 10% daripada lanolin10%/petrolatum, tetapi tidak bermakna secarastatistik.Kesimpulan: Pelembap yang mengandung urea 10% meningkatkan SC lebih besarsecara bermakna daripada lanolin 10%/petrolatum setelah empat minggu pengolesanpada tungkai lansia yang xerotik. Efek samping tersering adalah rasa lengket yang lebihsering ditemukan pada lanolin 10%/petrolatum, tetapi tidak berbeda antar kelompok perlakuan.ABSTRACT Background and objectives: The prevalence of xerosis among elderly is 30-85%.

Inadequate treatment may result in complications. Urea as a humectant and 10% lanolin

in petrolatum as an occlusive agent and emollient can restore skin hydration. This study

aimed at comparing the efficacy and side effects of cream containing 10% urea and 10%

lanolin/petrolatum in the treatment of xerosis in elderly

Methods: A randomized, double blind clinical trial was conducted in 35 elderly from a

nursing home in Jakarta. Evaluation of skin capacitance (SC), specified symptoms sum

score (SSRC), and pruritic degree were measured at baseline, week-2 and -4 after the

start of therapy. Following a 2-week precondition period, each subject received a

random moisturizer for each limb, to be applied twice daily.

Results: The percentage of SC increase at week-4 was significantly higher in limb

receiving cream containing 10% urea than 10% lanolin/petrolatum (64.54% vs. 58.98%;

p=0.036). The percentage of SSRC decrease at week-4 did not differ between groups

(100%; p=0.089). Pruritus was equally improved in both groups at week-2, and

completely diminished at week-4. Sticky feel was more frequent in

lanolin10%/petrolatum than 10% urea cream, although not statistically significant.

Conclusion: After four-week application, moisturizer containing 10% urea gave higher

percentage of SC increase than 10% lanolin/petrolatum in the xerotic limbs of the

elderly. Sticky feeling was more frequently found in 10% lanolin/petrolatum group, but statistically not significant."