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"The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which were adopted by the United Nations in September 2015 are universally applicable in all 193 UN Member States and connect the big challenges of our time, such as hunger and poverty, climate change, health in an urbanised environment, sustainable energy, mobility, economic development and environmental degradation. Sustainability has the characteristics of a ‘wicked problem’, for which there are no one-size-fits-all solutions.This book tests the hypothesis that the implementation of sustainable development, and in particular the 2015 SDGs, requires tailor-made metagovernance or ‘governance of governance’. This is necessary to develop effective governance and high quality and inclusive public administration and to foster policy and institutional coherence to support implementing the SDGs. Based on the growing literature on governance and metagovernance, and taking into account the specificities of societal factors such as different values and traditions in different countries, the book presents a framework for the design and management of SDG implementation. It shows how hierarchical, network and market governance styles can be combined and how governance failure can be prevented or dealt with. The book presents an overview of fifty ‘shades of governance’ which differ for each governance style, and a sketch of a concrete method to apply sustainability metagovernance.Metagovernance for Sustainability is relevant to academic and practitioner fields across many disciplines and problem areas. It will be of particular interest to scholars, students and policy-makers studying Sustainable Development, Governance and Metagovernance, Public Management and Capacity Building."

"Faktor yang berkaitan dengan usia seperti usia kronologis dan usia subjektif, memegang peranan penting dalam memengaruhi keterikatan kerja seseorang. Namun demikian, peran usia kronologis pada keterikatan kerja tidak konsisten pada penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kembali kondisi yang memengaruhi kekuatan prediksi usia kronologis pada keterikatan kerja dengan menguji usia subjektif pada konteks tempat kerja yaitu occupational future time perspective (OFTP) sebagai variabel moderator. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori conservation of resources (COR) sebagai kerangka penelitian. Berdasarkan kerangka teori yang digunakan, OFTP diduga berperan sebagai sumber daya motivasi dan kompensasi agar karyawan dapat terikat terhadap pekerjaan mereka. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik survei paper and pencil pada pekerja kesehatan di enam rumah sakit swasta di Jabodetabek (N = 190). Data dianalisis menggunakan simple moderation test dari makro PROCESS Hayes’ (2008) pada perangkat lunak SPSS v25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat efek moderasi dari OFTP yang signifikan pada hubungan usia kronologis dan keterikatan kerja, dimana usia kronologis memprediksi keterikatan kerja secara positif dan signifikan pada individu dengan OFTP yang tinggi. Sementara itu, usia kronologis tidak memprediksi keterikatan kerja secara signifikan pada individu yang memiliki OFTP yang rendah. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya bagi organisasi untuk meningkatkan OFTP karyawan terutama pada karyawan yang lebih senior.

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Age-related factors such as chronological age and subjective age are one of the most important factors that influence work engagement. However, previous studies showed inconsistent results in revealing the relationship between chronological age and work engagement. We extend the previous research by arguing the relationship between chronological age and work engagement is moderated by subjective age in the workplace context, namely occupational future time perspective (OFTP) within the framework of conservation of resources (COR) theory. Built upon the framework, OFTP played a role as motivational and compensatory resources to be engaged. Data were collected using paper and pencil survey from healthcare employees at six private hospitals in Jakarta and its surroundings (N = 190). Using a simple moderation test with Hayes’ (2008) PROCESS macro on SPSS software v25.0, results showed that the moderating effect of OFTP on chronological age-work engagement relationship was positive and significant, such that the relationship between chronological age and work engagement is positive and higher on individuals with expansive OFTP. Meanwhile, chronological age couldn’t predict work engagement on low OFTP individuals. The results of this study are able to show the organization to highlight the OFTP variable, especially on the older workers. "

"ABSTRAKPembangunan lingkungan hidup merupakan subsistem dari pembangunan nasional secara keseluruhan. Pembangunan nasional adalah kegiatan terencana yang dilakukan secara terus menerus daiam rangka mencapai tujuan nasional. Setiap kegiatan pembangunan tersebut diperkirakan menimbulkan dampak negatif di samping manfaat positif terhadap lingkungan hidup. Untuk mencegah dampak negatif dan memperbesar manfaat positif tersebut, telah dilaksanakan pembangunan lingkungan hidup sebagaimana arahan dalam GBHN 1993 yaitu terwujudnya kelestarian fungsi lingkungan hidup dalam keseimbangan dan keserasian yang dinamis dengan perkembangan kependudukan agar dapat menjamin pembangunan nasional yang berkelanjutan.Tanggungjawab dalam pengendalian dampak lingkungan hidup merupakan komitmen bersama antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Sedangkan untuk mencapai tujuan pembangungan lingkungan hidup tersebut telah dibuat berbagai kebijaksanaan dan perangkat hukum pendukungnya baik di tingkat pusat maupun di tingkat daerah. Hai ini sesuai dengan prinsip pembangunan itu sendiri bahwa pembangunan dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh dan merata baik di pusat, di daerah, di perkotaan, dan di perdesaan. Demikian juga dalam kelembagaan bidang lingkungan hidup. Di tingkat pusat telah dibentuk Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan (BAPEDAL) Pusat dengan badan lininya di daerah yaitu BAPEDAL Wilayah. Di tingkat daerah pun secara formal diperbolehkan membentuk Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah baik di Daerah Tingkat I maupun Daerah Tingkat Il. Dasar hukumnya adalah Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri (Kepmendagri) Nomor 98 tahun 1996 tentang Pedoman Pembentukan, Organisasi, dan Tatakerja Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah.Sebelum Kepmendagri Nomor 98/1996 dan Keputusan Kepala Bapedal Nomor 135/1995 tentang Bapedal Wilayah diterbitkan, di Kotamadya Daerah Tingkat II Semarang telah dibentuk suatu lembaga yang mempunyai otoritas formal dalam pengendalian dampak lingkungan yang disebut Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah (BAPEDALDA). Dasar hukum pembentukannya adalah Keputusan Gubernur KDH Tingkat I Jawa Tengah Nomor 061.1/34/1992 tentang Pembentukan, Susunan Organisasi dan Tatakerja Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah (BAPEDALDA) Kotamadya Daerah Tingkat II Semarang.Menilik pembangunan industri di Semarang yang kian pesat, jumlah industri besar dan menengah 292 buah, industri kecil 4.868 buah, dan industri yang potensial mencemari lingkungan 267 buah, maka setiap dampak kegiatannya dipastikan menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan hidup seperti masalah air bersih, limbah, penghijauan, transportasi. Dengan demikian maka keberadaan BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dirasa sangat penting.Pembentukan BAPEDALDA yang relatif baru dengan tanggungjawab dalam menangani permasalahan lingkungan yang besar merupakan obyek menarik untuk diteliti.Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini meliputi :1. Permasalahan menyangkut kinerja (performance) lembaga BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya.2. Permasalahan hukum; berupa taraf sinkronisasi vertikal, yaitu tingkat kesesuaian antara Keputusan Gubernur KDH I Jawa Tengah Nomor 061.1/3411992 dengan Kepmendagri Namor 98 tahun 1996.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah :1. Mengatahui kinerja lembaga BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhinya.2. Mendalami dan menganalisis aspek-aspek hukum yang mendasari pembentukan Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah (BAPEDALDA) Kotamadya Dati II Semarang.Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah organisasi BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang. Populasinya adalah keseluruhan karyawan BAPEDALDA berjumlah 29 orang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, eksploratif, dan metode penelitian hukum normatif taraf sinkronisasi vertikal. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif yaitu menggambarkan secara rinci fenomena, katagori, dan karakteristik tertentu dan secara kuantitatif yaitu menggunakan instrumen statistik regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan SPSS for Window. Sedangkan yang terkait dengan hukum menggunakan instrumen Ketetapan MPRS Nomor XX/MPRS/1966 tentang Memorandum DPR Gotong Royong, dimana di dalamnya terdapat Tata Urutan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Republik Indonesia.Hasil penelitian adalah :1. Badan Pengendalian Dampak Lingkungan Daerah (BAPEDALDA) Kotamadya Dati II Semarang diselenggarakan berdasarkan atas desantralisasi, dekonsentrasi, dan tugas pembantuan (medebewind) dalam rangka peningkatan otonomi daerah di bidang pengendalian dampak lingkungan hidup.2. Program kegiatan yang berhasil dilaksanakan oleh BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang adalah; Program Kali Bersih, Program Penanganan Kasus Pencemaran Lingkungan, Program Pengawasan RKL dan RPL, Program Pengendalian Dampak Usaha Kecil, Program Identifikasi Pencemaran Sungai, Program Pengendalian Kerusakan Lingkungan, Program Pembuatan Buku Kebijakan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, Program Pembangunan Laboratorium Lingkungan, Kursus Apresiasi AMDAL, dan Program Penanganan Lingkungan Dukuh Tapak.3. Kinerja lembaga BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dilihat dari realisasi pelaksanaan program terhadap target yang ditetapkan dan tingkat kepuasan karyawan daiam pelaksanaan program kegiatan memiliki katagori tinggi, yaitu persentase rata-ratanya 90,24%.4. Kinerja lembaga BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dalam upaya pengendalian dampak lingkungan dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor tatakerja dan proses organisasi meliputi; kepemimpinan, komunikasi, koordinasi, sumberdaya, dan struktur organisasi. Faktor kepemimpinan mencakup perhatian pimpinan terhadap upaya pengendalian dampak lingkungan dan perhatian kepentingan bawahan. Faktor komunikasi mencakup pemberian informasi, pemahaman langkah kegiatan, dan kemudahan melakukan interaksi dalam pelaksanaan pengendalian dampak lingkungan. Faktor koordinasi mencakup koordinasi antar unit dan koordinasi antar instansi dalam upaya pengendalian dampak lingkungan. Faktor sumberdaya mencakup sumberdaya manusia, sumberdana lembaga, bahan dan peralatan. Faktor struktur organisasi mencakup pola pendelegasian wewenang dan tanggungjawab, ada/tidaknya kegiatan pengendalian dampak lingkungan yang tumpang tindih. Rata-rata skor termasuk dalam katagori tinggi yaitu 89,62%.5. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda, diketahui bahwa kinerja BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang dipengaruhi oleh faktor kepemimpinan, komunikasi, koordinasi, sumberdaya, dan struktur organisasi. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh F hitung sebesar 75,404 lebih besar dari F tabel sebesar 2,02. Berdasarkan nilai R2 = 0,943 dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja BAPEDALDA dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Dari seluruh faktor tersebut ternyata kepemimpinan memberikan kontribusi terbesar dalam menentukan kinerja BAPEDALDA dengan koefsien persamaan sebesar 1,304.6. BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang yang sudah terbentuk adalah Badan Staf Pemerintah Daerah sebagai unsur pembantu Walikotamadya, bukan perangkat daerah yang memiliki kewenangan langsung dalam pelaksanaan tugas pengendalian dampak lingkungan. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya sudah berfungsi sebagai perangkat daerah yang mempunyai kewenangan langsung dalam pengendalian dampak lingkungan di Kotamadya Dati II Semarang.7. Meskipun ada perbedaan susunan organisasi BAPEDALDA Kotamadya Dati II Semarang berdasarkan Kepgub No. 061.1134/1992 dengan Kepmendagri No. 98 tahun 1996, namun lembaga tersebut sudah berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya. Dengan mengacu pada pasal 90 ayat (4) Kepmendagri Nomor 98 tahun 1996, bahwa perubahan susunan organisasi BAPEDALDA Tingkat I, BAPEDALDA Tingkat II dan BAPEDALDA Kotamadya ditetapkan oleh Menteri Dalam Negeri setelah mendapat pertimbangan teknis dari Kepala BAPEDAL dan persetujuan tertulis dari Menteri yang bertanggungjawab di bidang Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara (MENPAN), maka perbedaan tersebut dimungkinkan.

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ABSTRACT

Institutional Analysis Of District Environmental Impact Control Agency OfSemarangEnvironmental development is a sub system of national development as a whole. National development is a planned activity which is carried out continuously in order to achieve national goal. Each activity of development is expected to cause both positive and negative impact towards the environment. To prevent negative impact and to increase positive benefit, environmental development has been carried out as directed by the [993 GBHN, namely, the realization of sustained environmental function in a balance and dynamic harmony equilibrium with population growth in order to guarantee sustainable national development.

Responsibility in controlling environmental impact is a joint commitment between the government and society. Whereas, in order to achieve environmental development goal, various policies and supporting laws and regulations have been made both at the national and regional level. This in accordance with development principles, namely that development is implemented in its entirety at the national and regional level, in rural and urban areas. The same is true in environmental institutions.

At the national level, the office of the State Minister for Environment, Environmental Impact Control Agency (BAPEDAL) and its line agents in the regions namely Regional Environment Impact Control Agency (BAPEDAL Wilayah) were established. At the regional level Provincial Environmental Impact Control Agency (BAPEDALDA I) and District Environmental Impact Control (Bapedalda II) are formally permitted to be established. The legal foundation is Domestic Affairs Minister Decision (Kepmendagri) No. 9811996 on guidance of establishment of organization and procedures of BAPEDALDA. Long before the existence of Kepmendagri No. 9811996 and Decision of the Director of Environmental Impact Control Agency Agency No.13611995 on Regional Environmental Impact Control Agency, in Semarang an institution that has formal authority in controlling environmental impact has been established that is called BAPEDALDA. The legal basic of its existence is the Decision of the Governor of Central Java No. 061.11341 1992 on the formation of organizational chart and procedures of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang.

The rapid growth of industrial development in Semarang, the sum are 292 big and middle industrials level, 4,868 small industrials, and 267 industrials potentially degrading environment hence each activity to cause environmental problems, such as clean water, solid wastes, reboisation, transportation, etc., the establishment of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang is deemed to be important.

The establishment of a relatively new District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang with responsibilities in managing big environmental problems is an interesting object to study. The problems in this study include :

1. Performance problems, namely organizational performane of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang and influencing factors.

2. Legal problems, namely synchronization at the vertical level dealing with conforming the Decision of Governor of Central Java No. 061.1/34/1992 and that of the Decision of Domestic Affairs Minister No.98/1996.

The objectives of this research include :

1. To know how organizational performance of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang and to identify each factors which influences it.

2. To deepen and analyse legal aspects which constitute the bases of establishing District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang.

Unit of analysis of this research is the organization of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang. The population is the entire personnel of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang, the total is 29. The research methods used is descriptive, explorative as well as normative law at vertical synchronization level. Data analysis used were descriptive qualitative, that is, describing in detail the phenomena, categories, and characteristics by scoring. Meanwhile, quantitative analysis used statistical approach helped by SPSS Computer Program. Whereas data related the laws instrument used is Determination the MPRS No. XX/MPRS/1966 on DPRGR Memorandum, mentioning the sequence acts and regulations of Republik of Indonesia is used as an instrument.

The result of the study include :

1. District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang is carried out based on principles of decentralization, deconcentration and coadministration with the framework of increasing regional autonomy in the environmental management sector.

2. Programs carried out succesfully by District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang cover River Management, Environment Pollution Cases Management, RKL and RPL Implementation Control, Small Enterprise Impact Control, River Pollution Identification, Environmental Degradation Control, Making the Book in Environmental Management Policy, Building an Environmental Laboratories, AMDAL Appreciation Courses, Environmental Management of Dukuh Tapak.

3. Organizational performance of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang seen from indicators of achieving targets in implementation programs as well as personnel satisfaction. The score of organizational performance was categorized as high, percentage 90.24%.

4. Organizational performance of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang in carrying out an environmental impact control was influenced by process and procedure factors such as leadership, communication, coordination, resources, and organizational structure. Leadership factor comprises the leader's attention to task of an environmental impact control and subordinates interests. Communication factor comprises to send information, to know work procedures, to facilitate interaction in carrying out an environmental impact control. Coordination factor consists of coordination among units as well as institutions. Resources factor consists of human resources, budget, tools and materials resources. Organizational structure consist of delegation of authority and responsibility, possibility of overlapping activities in an environment impact control. Mean score of the whole factors was categorized as high, namely 89.62%.

5. Analysis of multiple linear regression shows that all factors such as leadership, communication, coordination, structure, and resources have significantly influenced the organizational performance of District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang.This is shown by F test = 75,404 more than F table = 2.02. The value of R square = 0.94 which indicated that all factors have clearly explained the organizational performance.

6. The established District Environmental Impact Control Agency of Semarang is the regional governmental staff institution as a support element to the Mayor. It is not a regional institution that has direct authority in carrying out the task of handling environmental impact at regional level. Whereas it has function as a regional institution that has direct authority in the field of an environmental impact control.

7. Although there are some differences of articles in the Decision of Domestic Affairs Minister No. 98/1996 on guidance of establishment, organization, and procedures of BAPEDALDA from the Decision of Governor of Central Java No. 061.1134/1992 on the establishment of organizational chart and procedures of BAPEDALDA II Semarang, but those institution has been functioning in an environment impact control. To make a reference by articles 90 clausula 4 Decision of Domestic Affairs Minister No. 9811996 that states changes in organizational structure of Bapedalda I, Bapedalda II and Kotamadya are determined by Domestic Affair Minister after obtaining technical considerations from Directors of Bapedal and written agreement from Minister that responsible in the field of efficiency of state aparatus sector (Menpan), hence some differences have enabled."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini menjelaskan tentang proses lobi dan strategi negosiasi Alliance of Small Island States AOSIS dalam mengadvokasi hak-hak pengungsi lingkungan. Pengungsi di sini dimaksudkan kepada orang-orang yang terpaksa meninggalkan tempat tinggalnya disebabkan oleh ancaman serius dari bahaya lingkungan yang diperparah oleh perubahan iklim. Hak-hak pengungsi lingkungan mencakup hak-hak untuk memiliki akses terhadap sumber daya alam, termasuk tanah, tempat tinggal, pangan, air, dan udara, juga termasuk hak ekologis yang lebih baik. Konsep organisasi antarpemerintah, advokasi dan lsquo;peminjaman rsquo; kekuatan lsquo;borrowing rsquo; power dengan kerangka metode pengusutan proses process tracing digunakan dalam tesis ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa negara-negara pulau kecil tidak memiliki kekuatan tradisional untuk memengaruhi pembuat kebijakan internasional. Namun, ketika menghadapi masalah yang sama, dapat menyampaikan isu migrasi dan perpindahan terkait perubahan iklim ke dalam sistem PBB dengan cara membangun solidaritas di antara negara-negara pulau kecil, mencari dukungan dari negara lain, dan memanfaatkan bukti ilmiah yang disediakan oleh aktor nonnegara. Tesis ini memberikan sebuah kontemplasi tersendiri bahwa isu lingkungan adalah salah satu isu global yang harus dipahami dan ditangani dengan sungguh-sungguh demi umat manusia itu sendiri.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis explains the lobbying process and negotiation strategy adopted by Alliance of Small Island States AOSIS in advocating environmental refugee rights. The refugees here are refer to the people who are forced to leave their homes because of the serious threat of environmental hazards exacerbated by climate change. The environmental refugee rights include rights of having access to natural resources such as land, shelter, food, water and air, as well as better ecological rights that support them to live and survive. The concepts of intergovernmental organization, advocacy and 39 borrowing 39 power with the framework of process tracing method are employed in this thesis. The results of this research indicate that of small island states do not have the traditional power to influence international policymakers. However, these states are facing similar problems related to climate change. They respond the such problem by handing over the issue of climate change related migration and displacement to the UN system. This goal is pursued by building solidarity among small island nations, seeking support from other countries, and utilizing the scientific evidence provided by non state actors. This thesis provides a distinctive contemplation that environmental issues are one of the global issues that must be understood and addressed seriously for the sake of the human race itself."