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"Metode kontrasepsi jangka panjang (MKJP) efektif dalam mengendalikan fertilitas tetapi angka penggunaannya cukup rendah jika dibandingkan metode lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi terhadap karakteristik MKJP dengan penggunaan MKJP di Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Penelitian menggunakan data Pemantauan dan Evaluasi Penggunaan Kontrasepsi di Provinsi Jawa Timur dan Nusa Tenggara Barat Tahun 2013 yang dilakukan oleh Pusat Penelitian Kesehatan Universitas Indonesia (PPK UI) dengan besar sampel 1.370 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi terhadap karakteristik MKJP memiliki hubungan dengan pengambilan MKJP pada WUS di Kabupaten Tuban (p= <0,005 POR= 4,64 CI 95%= 2,74-7,86). Uji regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa persepsi terhadap karakteristik MKJP berhubungan dengan penggunaan MKJP setelah dikontrol dengan pengambilan keputusan dan interaksi antara pengambilan keputusan dengan persepsi terhadap karakteristik MKJP.

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Long term contraceptive method effective in controlling fertility but the usage is lower than other methods. This study aims to determine the relationship between perception of the characteristic of long term contraceptive method and using of long term contraceptive method in Tuban, East Java. This research used the data of Operational Research on Family Planning to Improve Contraceptive Method Mix in East Java and West Nusa Tenggara Province held by Center for Health Research University of Indonesia, with sample size of 1.370 subjects. Statistical test used was multiple logistic regressions. The subject is women of childbearing age who used contraception method. Perception of long term contraceptive method associated with using of long term contraceptive method among women of childbearing age in Tuban (p= <0,005 POR= 4,64 CI 95%= 2,74-7,86). Logistic regression analysis showed that perception associated with the use of long term contraceptive method after controlled by decision-making and interaction between decision making and perception of long term contraceptive method."

"Menurut WHO, tingkatan unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi pada wanita sangatlah tinggi, terutama pada daerah kelompok pendatang, wanita muda, daerah kumuh perkotaan, daerah pengungsian, dan wanita pasca kehamilan. Untuk itu, sebuah studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat untuk membuktikan keabsahan pernyataan tersebut. Sejumlah 100 wanita yang baru pindah ke tempat tersebut setelah relokasi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah, telah diteliti untuk mengetahui nilai prevalansi dari unmet need terhadap kontrasepsi. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi ketidak inginan perempuan terhadap pemakaian kontrasepsi juga diteliti dalam studi ini. Dalam studi ini, dapat diketahui nilai ketidak-pemakaian kontrasepsi di Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat sebesar 49%. Sedangkan dalam kelurahan dimana Rumah Susun itu berada (Kampung Melayu), tingkatan unmet need pada wanita menikah di usia subur sebesar 30%. Beberapa faktor seperti sosioekonomi, sosiobudaya, lingkungan, dan lainnya telah diteliti, namun tidak menunjukkan asosiasi yang bermakna secara statistik (tidak mencapai p < 0.05). Kesimpulan: prevalansi unmet need pada Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat tidak menemui angka pencapaian yang ditetapkan oleh BKKBN. Status sosioekonomi, faktor sosiobudaya, faktor lingkungan, dan faktor terkait host lainnya tidak menunjukan asosiasi statistik yang bermakna dengan tingkatan unmet need pada kontrasepsi oleh wanita menikah usia subur di Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat, Jakarta.

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According to WHO, the unmet need for contraception among the women are considerably high especially among the groups such as migrants, adolescents, urban slum dwellers, refugees, and the women in postpartum period. Therefore, a cross-sectional  study was conducted in the Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat to prove the statement.

A number of women (100 people) who newly resided the area after the mass relocation by the government, were studied in order to identify the prevalence of the unmet need for contraception. The specific investigation regarding the factors associating with the prevalence of  the unmet need for the contraception among married women, was also conducted.

From this study, the number of the prevalence of the unmet need for the contraception in Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat reached 49%, while in Kelurahan Kampung Melayu, the proportion was about 30%. Socioeconomical, sociocultural, envirornental, and other factors were observed in this study but resulting in weak association to the unmet need for contraception (p value was not < 0.05).

In conclusion, the prevalence of the unmet need for contraception was considerably high and did not meet the goal set by the National population and family planning board. Socioeconomical status, sociocultural, environmental, and other host-related factor did not show a statistically significant association with the unmet need for contraception among married women in Rumah Susun Jatinegara Barat, Jakarta."

"This study attempted to answer the question of how the financial incentives can influence cooperative behavior in situations involving taboo tradeoffs, and the extent to which construal levels (abstract or concrete) also influences the willingness of participants to perform said tradeoffs. The study was conducted by taking three different contexts, namely a voluntary provision of tutorials from senior students to the junior (Depok study), mosque renovation activities (Mojokerto study) and renovation of temples (Bali study). The study used laboratory experimental methods for Depok study, and field experiment for Mojokerto and Bali studies. In Depok, we found that students were willing to do taboo tradeoffs and perceived them as not taboo. However, even though Mojokerto and Bali participants perceived the exchange as taboo, they were willing to do it. In general, we also found that participants tend to contribute higher taboo tradeoffs in abstract situation."

"Salah satu usaha pengendalian penduduk, adalah dengan meningkatkan kontrasepsi modern pria. Akan tetapi berdasarkan Laporan SDKI 2012, partisipasi pria dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi modern masih sangat rendah, dan belum mencapai target RPJMN 2010-2014. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan menjelaskan determinan partisipasi penggunaan kontrasepsi modern pada pria kawin usia 15-54 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data SDKI 2012 modul pria, dengan jumlah sampel 5812 pria kawin usia 15-54 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan kondom dan masa subur, pengetahuan vasektomi, persepsi KB merupakan urusan wanita, persepsi kondom, jumlah anak hidup, dan diskusi KB dengan tenaga kesehatan berhubungan signifikan dengan partisipasi penggunaan kontrasepsi modern pada pria kawin. Faktor dominan yaitu pengetahuan kondom dan masa subur (sedang: OR=5,1; 95%CI: 2,5-10,2 ; baik: OR=9,2; 95%CI: 4,2-20,9), dan terdapat interaksi antara persepsi kondom dengan diskusi dengan tenaga kesehatan. Disarankan penggalakan program KB pada pria, serta memberikan KIE terkait kontrasepsi pria oleh tenaga kesehatan.

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One attempt to control the population is increasing modern contraceptive use among men. However, IDHS 2012 reported that participation of men in modern contraceptive use is still very low, and haven’t rich the target of RPJMN 2010-2014. This study examined the determinants of modern contraceptive use in married men aged 15-54 years in Indonesia. This study used Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey - Men Module 2012 (IDHS 2012) data, with a sample of 5812 married men aged 15-54 years old. Findings indicated that knowledge of condoms and ovulatory cycle, knowledge of vasectomy, perception; contraception is a woman’s bussiness, perception of condoms, the number of living children, and family planning discussions with health worker were most significantly associated with modern contraceptive use among married men. The dominant factor is the knowledge of condoms and ovulatory cycle (middle: OR = 5.1; 95% CI: 2.5 to 10.2; good: OR = 9.2; 95% CI: 4.2 to 20.9), and there is an interaction between the perception of condoms with discussions with health worker. Suggested promotion of family planning programs in men, as well as providing IEC related male contraception by health worker."

"The objective of this study is to assess whether recent marital discussion on family planning is associated with contraceptive use among young couples residing in rural Maharashtra, India. The study methods used involved analysis of baseline data collected from 867 couples participating in the CHARM Family Planning evaluation trial. Participants were surveyed on demographics, contraceptive behaviour, and a six-item scale on marital discussions concerning family planning (including family size and contraceptive use) over the preceding six months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed associations between marital family planning discussions and current modern contraceptive use for birth spacing, adjusting for demographics. The results revealed that 22.0 per cent of women reported current use of modern contraceptives for birth spacing. Nearly half (46.4 per cent) of women reported 'high marital family planning discussion/ based on a median split dichotomizing the scale as high or low. Women who reported 'high discussion' on family planning compared to those with low discussion' were seven times more likely to use modem contraceptives for birth spacing (45.4 per cent 9.8 per cent; adjusted odds ratio = 7.1, 95 per cent, confidence interval = 4.9 - 10.3). In conclusion, the findings support promotion of marital family planning counselling to improve contraceptive use among young rural married couples."

"Pengambilan keputusan penggunaan kontrasepsi tidak saja terjadi pada taha pawal penggunaan, tapi juga pada tahap penggantian. Penggantian alat kontrasepsi dengan menggunakan metode yang efektif dan efisien MKJP dapat mencegah terjadinya kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan. Akan tetapi, penggantian metode kontrasepsi masih didominasi dari non MKJP ke non MKJP. Belum optimalnya komunikasi, informasi, edukasi KIE MKJP oleh provider menjadi salah satu faktor rendahnya penggunaan MKJP. Studi ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi penggantian metode kontrasepsi dari non MKJP ke MKJP serta membuktikan hubungan sumber informasi KB, informed choice, tempat layanan KB dan kunjungan petugas kesehatan/KB dengan penggantian metode kontrasepsi pada WUS di Jawa Timur. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Subyek penelitian adalah WUS yang sebelumnya memiliki riwayat menggunakan non MKJP. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan multi stage cluster PPS sample design dan didapatkan sampel sebanyak 3312 orang. Data dianalisis univariat, bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda. Dari total 3312 responden, sebanyak 594 orang 17,9 yang beralih menggunakan MKJP. Penggantian masih didominasi dari non MKJP ke non MKJP 82,1. Sumber informasi KB, informed choice dan tempat layanan KB terbukti berhubungan signifikan dengan penggantian metode kontrasepsi setelah dikontrol dengan variabel confounding. WUS yang mendapatkan informasi KB dari dua orang tenaga kesehatan terbukti mendorong untuk beralih menggunakan MKJP. Adanya informed choice juga dapat mendorong WUS beralih menggunakan MKJP serta WUS yang mendapatkan layanan KB dari fasyankes pemerintah lebih mendorong untuk beralih menggunakan MKJP. Untuk membantu meningkatkan peralihan metode kontrasepsi ke MKJP, tenaga kesehatan yang melakukan pelayanan KB wajib konseling dan memberikan informed choice serta lebih memperkenalkan alat kontrasepsi MKJP sehingga dapat mengambil keputusan penggunaan kontrasepsi sesuai dengan kebutuhan.

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Decision making to choose contraception methods occurs not only in the earlystages, but also in the switching stage. Switching contraception to Long Acting and Permanent Method LAPM that proven effective and efficient method prevent unplanned pregnancy. However, the switching of contraceptive methods was still dominated from non LAPM to non LAPM. Lack of communication, information, education of LAPM by provider might couse the low use of LAPM. This study aims to identify the role of informed choice and family planning services to promote contraception switch from non LAPM to LAPM. This study uses a quantitative approach with cross sectional design. The sample of this study are women of child bearing age who had been used non LAPM and selected with multistage cluster with total of 3312 participants. Descriptive analyses were conducted to see the proportions of variables, while chi square tests and logistic regression with a 95 confidence interval were conducted to see the relationship between independent and dependent variable. Out of 3312 respondents, 594 women 17.9 are switching their contraception method from non LAPM to LAPMs. Most of contraception switch were from non LAPMs to non LAPMs. Sources of family planning information, informed choice and type of health services were significantly related to the replacement of contraceptive methods after controlled with confounding variables. Women whose obtain family planning information from two provider, receive informed choice, and gain family planning service from government health care have higher odds to switch contraception method to LAPMs. To improve the switching of contraceptive methods to LAPMs, provider who perform family planning services are obliged to perform counseling andprovide informed choice and introduce more LAPMs, so the client can decide thecontraception method as needed."