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"ABSTRAKArtikel ini menjelaskan tentang kondisi Rusia sebelum dan sesudah kebijakan de-offshorizatsiya diimplementasikan oleh Vladimir Putin pada tahun 2015 untuk menarik kembali pelarian modal dari Rusia. Sebagian besar kekayaan para oligarki Rusia, yang mencapai tiga kali lipat lebih banyak dari cadangan devisa Rusia, berakhir di pusat keuangan lepas pantai yang memiliki sedikit regulasi serta memberikan perlindungan kepada elite Rusia dari rezim Putin. Oleh karena itu, Putin memberlakukan kebijakan de-offshorizatsiya di Rusia sejak tanggal 1 Januari 2015. Artikel ini membahas bagaimanakah perbedaan kondisi di Rusia sebelum (2012-2015) dan sesudah (2015-2018) diberlakukannya kebijakan tersebut. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan teori Pengalihan Investasi oleh Vukenkeng A. Wujung dan Mukete E. Mbella. Data yang digunakan dalam artikel ini diperoleh dari lembaga keuangan internasional The World Bank, situs indikator ekonomi global CEIC Data, undang-undang de offshorizatsiya tahun 2015, dan teks pidato tahunan Presiden Vladimir Putin pada tanggal 12 Desember 2012 dan 2013. Hasil artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa dari tahun 2015 hingga 2018, kebijakan de offshorizatsiya telah berhasil membantu meningkatkan investasi dan ekonomi, serta menurunkan tingkat pengangguran, meskipun rasio ketergantungan terus meningkat setiap tahunnya di Rusia.

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ABSTRACT

This article describes the conditions in Russia before and after the de-offshorizatsiya policy was implemented by Vladimir Putin in 2015 to return capital back to Russia. Much of the Russian oligarchs wealth, which was three times larger than Russias official foreign reserves, ended up in offshore banks that have fewer regulations and provide protection to the Russian elite from Putins regime. In consequence, Putin imposed a deoffshorization policy in Russia on January 1, 2015. Therefore, this article aims to compare the differences in Russia before (2012-2015) and after (2015-2018) the implementation of said policy. This article is a qualitative study and uses the library research method as well as the theory of Investment Diversion by Vukenkeng A. Wujung and Mukete E. Mbella. The data used in this article was obtained from the World Bank, global economic indicators website which is CEIC Data, Russia s 2015 de offshorizatsiya policy, and the annual speeches delivered by President Vladimir Putin on 12 December 2012 and 2013. The results of this article show that from 2015 to 2018, the de offshorizatsiya policy successfully helped increase investment rate and economic growth, and reduce unemployment, while the age dependency ratio keeps increasing each year in Russia."

"ABSTRACT

The titles of the works of novelist yukio mishima clearly illustrate his preoccupation with sea imageries, while his language urges us to examine them psychoanalytically. In other words, these images function as an aesthetic and pyychic screen onto which his radically divide subjectivity is projected. Mishima's divided self is a product of logical complication and semantic opacity worthy of psychoanalytic interpretation."