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"Tesis ini membahas seberapa jauh perubahan rezim di empat Negara Eropa Timur (Bulgaria, Hungaria, Polandia, dan Romania) berpengaruh terhadap perubahan struktur sosial di keempat Negara tersebut. Perubahan rezim dari rezim komunis menjadi pemerintahan yang demokratis dan perubahan sistem ekonomi dari yang tersentralisasi menjadi sistem ekonomi pasar tentu mengubah praktek interaksi dan dinamika sosial sehari-hari. Ketika keempat Negara bergabung dengan EU (Hungaria, dan Polandia pada tahun 2004, Bulgaria Romania pada tahun 2007), dengan memenuhi persyaratan ekonomi politik, salah satunya ekonomi pasar yang kuat dan stabil. Perubahan ini memunculkan kelas menengah baru, setelah sebelumnya sistem kelas dihapuskan selama rezim komunis. Salah satu cara mengukur kelas menengah selain dengan mengukur pendapatan adalah dengan mengukur tingkat konsumsi mobil. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kesadaran kelas, teori elit, dan teori kosmopolitanisme untuk mengukur apakah perubahan sistem ekonomi berpengaruh pada perubahan kelas, yang memungkinkan kesadaran kelas muncul dan terwujud melalui class action.

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The focus of this study is to assess the impact of regime change in Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, and Romania and how it affected changes in their sosial structure. Regime changes from centralized Communist states to democratic and market economies affect society dynamics and how people interact on a daily basis. The accession as EU member (Hungary and Poland on 2004, Bulgaria and Romania on 2007) further exacerbates these changes. A new middle class emerged, after the class system was abolished under the Communist regime. Aside from measuring income, one way to measure the phenomenon of growing middle class is to measure car ownership. This study utilizes Class Consciousness Theory by Georg Lukács, Elite theories, and Cosmopolitanism by Habermas to determine how much economic system affect changes in class structure in society, does class consciousness form, and does it materialized through class action."

"Summary: In this comprehensive yet compact book, Michael J. Seth surveys Korean history from Neolithic times to the present. He explores the origins and development of Korean society, politics, and still little-known cultural heritage, showing how this ancient, culturally and ethnically homogeneous society was wrenched into the modern world, ultimately to be arbitrarily divided into two opposed halves after World War II. Tracing the six decades since, Seth explains how the two Koreas, with their deeply different political and social systems and geopolitical orientations, evolved into sharply contrastin."

"Modernization has effected a profound change in human civilizations and is a global trend since the 18th century. It includes not only the great change and transformation from traditional to modern politics, economies, societies and cultures, but also all human development and protection of the natural environment. Almost all nations in the world are undergoing some kind of modernization consciously or unconsciously, and the modernization drive can also be set as a national goal if they will. The first International Modernization Forum: Modernization and Global Change was held in Beijing in 2013. This volume, emanating from invaluable discussions at the forum, covers research on global modernization, multiple modernities, modernization theory, modernization science, modernization policy, and world modernization indexes. Global Modernization Review offers a collective understanding of the modernization phenomenon and provides invaluable guidance for further study, and significant international and interdisciplinary cooperation for researches on modernization."