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"Jepang, telah mengalami banyak perkembangan seusai Perang Dingin hingga menjadisalah satu militer tercanggih di Asia Timur. Pada 2006, Jepang dan sekutunya yaituAmerika Serikat menandatangani perjanjian relokasi dari Okinawa, dimana 59%biaya relokasi ditanggung oleh Jepang. Intensi mempertahankan kehadiran AmerikaSerikat tersebut memerlukan justifikasi berdasarkan perspektif Jepang terhadapwilayah sekitarnya. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan konsep balancing danbandwagoning yang dikemukakan oleh Stephen Walt dalam menentukankecenderungan strategi pertahanan yang dipraktikkan Jepang, ditambah faktor berupaintensi agresif dari Cina sebagai kompetitor Jepang, perimbangan kekuatan antaraCina dan Aliansi Keamanan Amerika Serikat-Jepang, serta kondisi lingkunganstrategis Asia Timur.

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AbstractJapan has experienced many changes since the Cold War until it became one of themost sophisticated military in East Asia. In 2006, Japan and U.S. signed a relocationagreement from Okinawa, in which Japan shared 59% of the cost. This intention ofkeeping U.S. presence needs to be justified from Japanese perspective of itssurroundings. This research will utilize Stephen Walt?s concept of balancing andbandwagoning besides considering several factors such as Chinese aggressive intentas Japan's competitor, balance of force between China and U.S.-Japan, and alsostrategic environment of East Asia."

"The best defense against the increasing threat of social engineering attacks is security awareness training to warn your organization's staff of the risk and educate them on how to protect your organization's data. Social engineering is not a new tactic, but building an security awareness program is the first book that shows you how to build a successful security awareness training program from the ground up.Building an security awareness program provides you with a sound technical basis for developing a new training program. The book also tells you the best ways to garner management support for implementing the program. "

"Security for Costs merupakan suatu fenomena hukum yang berkembang dalam penyelesaian sengketa investor-negara, yang dapat dipahami sebagai suatu bentuk tindakan sementara untuk investor asing memberikan jaminan mengenai pembayaran biaya yang dimintakan oleh negara tuan rumah dalam melakukan pembelaan atas gugatan yang diajukan oleh investor asing. Tesis ini menganalisis, pertama, alasan pentingnya pengaturan security for costs dalam perjanjian investasi internasional bagi Indonesia berdasarkan praktik permohonan security for costs dalam sengketa García Armas v. Venezuela yang diselesaikan menggunakan aturan arbitrase ICSID dan Herzig v. Turkmenistan yang menggunakan aturan arbitrase UNCITRAL, dan kedua, pengaturan security for costs dalam perjanjian investasi internasional yang dapat melindungi kepentingan Indonesia berdasarkan perkembangan pengaturan security for costs dalam aturan arbitrase ICSID dan aturan arbitrase UNCTIRAL, dalam undang-undang tentang arbitrase yang berlaku di Inggris dan Indonesia, serta contoh-contoh dalam perjanjian investasi internasional yang disepakati pada masa proses reformasi penyelesaian sengketa investor-negara. Penelitian tesis ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menganalisis penerapan security for costs berdasarkan aturan arbitrase dalam putusan-putusan arbitrase investasi, dan dalam perjanjian investasi internasional. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, pertama, pengaturan security for costs dalam perjanjian investasi internasional dapat menyeimbangkan kepentingan investor asing dan negara tuan rumah, menghindari kemungkinan eksploitasi mendapatkan keuntungan yang dilakukan oleh investor asing, dan untuk menjaga integritas prosedural penyelesaian sengketa investor-negara. Kedua, Indonesia dapat menerapkan pengaturan security for costs yang telah ada dalam perjanjian investasi internasional mengenai kewenangan majelis arbitrase, syarat-syarat, mekanisme, dan akibat hukum dari perintah security for costs.

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Security for Costs has been an emerging legal phenomenon in investor-state dispute settlement, which can be defined as a form of provisional or interim measure for a foreign investor to provide security for the payment of costs requested by the host state in defending a claim brought by the foreign investor. This research discusses, first, the importance of the privision of security for costs in international investment agreements for Indonesia based on the practice of the application of security for costs in the García Armas v. Venezuela dispute which was resolved under the UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules and Herzig v. Turkmenistan dispute which was resolved under the ICSID Arbitration Rules, and second, discusses the provision of security for costs in international investment agreements that may protect Indonesia based on the development of the provision of security for costs in ICSID Arbitration Rules and UNCTIRAL Arbitration Rules, in the laws on arbitration in the United Kingdom and Indonesia, and examples in international investment agreements signed during the investor-state dispute settlement reform process. This research is a normative legal research by examining the application of security for costs under arbitration rules in investment arbitration awards, and in international investment agreements. The findings of this research are, first, the provision of security for costs in international investment agreements may balance the interests of foreign investors and host countries, may avoid the possibility of profit exploitation by foreign investors, and may maintain the procedural integrity of investor-state dispute settlement. Second, Indonesia may apply the provision of security for costs in international investment agreements based on the existing provision of security for costs on the authority of the arbitral tribunal, the requirements, the mechanism, and the legal consequences of the security for costs order."