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"The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of foreign direct investment, economic growth, international trade, Covid-19 pandemic on unemployment rates in six developing Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries, as well as members of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), over period 2010 to 2021. Quantitative approaches using panel regression fixed effect model are utilized. According to the findings of this study, all of the variable used include foreign direct investment, economic growth, international trade and the Covid-19 pandemic simultaneously have a substantial impact on unemployment rate in six MENA countries. While partially, foreign direct investment, economic growth and international trade have a strong influence in declining unemployment in six MENA countries, while the Covid-19 pandemic variable has a positive relation and insignificant effect on the unemployment rate which indicates that statistically there is no significant difference of the unemployment rate in the years before and during Covid-19 pandemic. In conclusion, since the MENA countries has experienced a high concentration of unemployment particularly among youth for a long time, the government ought to concentrate more on facilitating skills training support for young people. This will ensure that the young people have added value and are qualified in the sectors and fields offered, particularly in foreign direct investment, allowing the FDI to absorb domestic workers. The youth can so, collectively, escape unemployment and enhance productivity in a country, which will also raise the GDP of the country"

"This book studies unemployment and inflation in economic crises, first considering the scenario of a demand shock in Europe. In that case, monetary and fiscal interaction would cause widespread oscillations in European unemployment and European inflation. And what is more, there would be equally far-reaching fluctuations in the European money supply and European government purchases. These monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on the American economy. Second, it examines the scenario of a supply shock in Europe, in which monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on European unemployment or European inflation, there would also be an explosion of European government purchases and an implosion of the European money supply. Monetary and fiscal interactions would produce uniform oscillations in American unemployment and American inflation. Lastly, also see an implosion of both the American money supply and American government purchases."

"Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu masalah sosial ekonomi yang paling substansial. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kemiskinan, antara lain pertumbuhan ekonomi, tingkat pengangguran terbuka dan kegiatan investasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengangguran terbuka terhadap kemiskinan, khususnya pasca wabah COVID-19. Dengan menggunakan model Least Squares Dummy Variable dan Random Effect Model dengan metode General Least Squares (GLS), penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tingkat kemiskinan dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh tingkat pengangguran terbuka, investasi dalam dan luar negeri dan COVID-19. Peningkatan angka pengangguran terbuka menyebabkan peningkatan angka kemiskinan di Indonesia. Peningkatan investasi domestik dan asing menyebabkan penurunan angka kemiskinan di Indonesia. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan data 9 tahun sebelum pandemi COVID-19, angka kemiskinan relatif lebih rendah setelah adanya wabah COVID-19.

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Poverty is one of the most substantial socioeconomic issues. There are a lot of factors that are affecting poverty, including economic growth, open unemployment rate and investment activities. This research aims to analyze the impact of economic growth and open unemployment on poverty, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak. Using the Least Squares Dummy Variable model and Random Effect Model with General Least Squares (GLS) method, this study found that poverty rate is significantly affected by open unemployment rate, domestic and foreign investment and COVID-19. The increase in open unemployment rate leads to an increase of poverty rate in Indonesia. An increase of domestic and foreign investment leads to a decrease in poverty rate in Indonesia. However, when compared to data from 9 years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the poverty rate was relatively lower after the presence of COVID-19."