Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Sebagai negara maritim, Indonesia kerap memanfaatkan transportasi laut dalam jaringan distribusi barang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rakyat. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan arus barang dalam peti kemas, pemerintah perlu mengetahui arus peti kemas untuk beberapa tahun mendatang, khususnya di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok sebagai pelabuhan laut utama di Indonesia. Dengan demikian, pemerintah dapat menyesuaikan fasilitas dermaga yang optimal untuk menghindari banyaknya penumpukan peti kemas maupun antrian kapal di dermaga, ditambah lagi dengan adanya rencana untuk membangun Terminal Peti Kemas Kalibaru (New Tanjung Priok Port) untuk menunjang kinerja Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok. Metode regresi merupakan salah satu solusi untuk memodelkan estimasi arus peti kemas dengan melihat faktor waktu. Selanjutnya, dilakukan optimasi terhadap dimensi dermaga dan jumlah fasilitas dermaga agar mampu melayani arus peti kemas yang telah diestimasi tersebut, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kapasitas pelayanan dermaga dan biaya pengadaan fasilitas.

---

As a maritime country, most domestic and international commodities are distributed through sea transportation in Indonesia. In accordance with the common trends of container-packed products, government should predict container flow that will enter each port for the upcoming years, especially in Tanjung Priok Port, as the main port in Indonesia. By doing so, government could build and expand sea port facilities to anticipate container accummulation and ship queue, in case of the building of New Tanjung Priok Port (Terminal Peti Kemas Kalibaru) that would serve the exceeded container flow from Tanjung Priok.

Regression is a solution for estimation modelling of container flows, by considering time series factor. Then, optimization will be done to find an optimal number for sea port dimension and facilities, by figuring out capacity, productivity, and procurement costs of of terminal facilities."

"ABSTRAKPelayaran Rakyat merupakan salah satu pelayaran tradisional yang bertugas sebagai angkutan distribusi muatan kebutuhan warga Indonesia. Pelayaran Rakyat spesialis mengantarkan muatan melewati jalur sungai dan menuju pulau ? pulau kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi manajemen risiko pelayaran rakyat pada sektor alur untuk meningkatkan tingkat keselamatan pelayaran rakyat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah wawancara, pengumpulan data, dan penyebaran kuisioner yang selanjutnya di analisa menggunakan analisa kualitatif risiko. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah adanya 3 risiko dengan level high yaitu kurangnya komunikasi antara nahkoda dan ahli, kapal mengalami kerusakan tidak terduga, dan kapal tidak melakukan peremajaan.

---

ABSTRACTPelayaran Rakyat is one kind of Indonesia traditional shipping that has been shipping the needs of Indonesian. Pelayaran rakyat specialist deliver cargo passing through the river path and headed for the island - a small island. This study aims to identify risk management of routes to improve the safety level of Pelayaran rakyat. The method used in this study were interviews, data collection, and questionnaires were subsequently analyzed using Qualitative Risk Analysis. Results from this study is there are three of high risk that is the lack of communication between captain and ship mechanic, unexpected vessel suffered damage, and the ship is not rejuvenation.;"

"Peti kemas (container) telah menjadi salah satu pilihan utama dalam pengiriman kargo perdagangan dunia. Data statistik menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 90% kargo internasional diangkut melalui moda transportasi laut. Indonesia sebagai negara yang dua per tiga bagian wilayahnya, tentu saja memanfaatkan transportasi laut dengan berbagai kelebihan yang dimilikinya. Salah satu usaha pemanfaatannya adalah dengan menyediakan terminal peti kemas untuk membantu kelancaran kegiatan perdagangan di wilayah Indonesia. Pemberlakuan zona perdagangan bebas sudah membuat jumlah export dan import di Indonesia meningkat. Hal tersebut berakibat kepada pertumbuhan arus barang yang memiliki korelasi positif dengan pertumbuhan penggunaan peti kemas. Tentu saja diperlukan antisipasi terhadap terminal peti kemas pada umumnya dan area lapangan penumpukan (container yard) pada khususnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu ditentukan kebutuhan jumlah fasilitas bongkar muat di area lapangan penumpukan yaitu transtainer dan truck serta kebutuhan area lapangan penumpukan (container yard) yang tepat untuk dapat mengimbangi peningkatan arus peti kemas.

---

Container has become one of the main choice in the world trade cargo. Statistic shows that more than 90% of international cargo transported by sea transportation. Indonesia, as a maritime country, exactly use that transportation with many advantages it has. One of Indonesia's utilization by providing container terminals to make a simplicity of trade activities in Indonesia.Further, the implementation of the free trade area has made ​​a number of export and import in Indonesia increased. This resulted in the growth of the flow of goods has a positive correlation with the growth in the use of containers. So, an anticipation from container terminals in general and container yard in particular, is needed. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the required number of loading and unloading facilities at the container yard, which are transtainer and truck, and the required number for a proper container yard to offset the increase of current container."

"ABSTRAKPelayaran rakyat, saat ini mulai kalah saing dengan kapal modern, salah satunyadari segi muatan kapal. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dibutuhkan analisis komoditaspotensial dan risiko untuk menjamin muatan kapal pelayaran rakyat. Tujuannyaadalah untuk mengetahui komoditas potensial yang dapat diangkut oleh kapalpelayaran rakyat sehingga muatannya tidak kosong dan analisis risiko untukmenjamin keselamatan pengangkutan komoditas kapal pelayaran rakyat agarperforma pelayaran rakyat meningkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penyebarankuisioner dan wawancara. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa komoditas potensial yangdapat dibawa adalah beras, karet, kelapa, lada, kopi, tebu, kakao dan jagung.Terdapat 4 peristiwa risiko dominan dalam pengangkutan komoditas pelayaranrakyat.

---

ABSTRACTPelayaran Rakyat, starts to lose competitiveness with modern ships, for exampleis their commodities. Based on that, Pelayaran Rakyat needs potentialcommodities and risk analysis to ensure commodities of Pelayaran Rakyat. Thegoal is to determine the potential commodities that can be transported byPelayaran Rakyat so the ship is not empty and risk analysis to ensure the safety ofPelayaran Rakyat. This research uses questionnaires and interviews. The result isthe potential commodities are rice, rubber, coconut, pepper, coffee ,sugar cane,cocoa and corn. There are four dominant risk events in the transport ofcommodities of Pelayaran Rakyat."

"ABSTRAKPelayaran rakyat merupakan industri pelayaran kecil yang memiliki fungsi dalampelayanan distribusi komoditas menuju kawasan terpencil di Indonesia.Dikarenakan berbagai faktor, saat ini industri pelayaran rakyat memiliki performayang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apakah performapelayaran rakyat tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dari segi komponen biaya yangdikeluarkan. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan pelayaranrakyat yang berada di pelabuhan Sunda Kelapa dengan metode kuesioner danwawancara terstruktur. Dari hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa biaya yangdikeluarkan oleh perusahaan pelayaran rakyat sudah cukup baik. Peningkatanperforma dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan optimalisasi pada komponen biayayang berlebihan

---

ABSTRACTPelayaran rakyat is a small and middle tier shipping industry that has an importantfunction in commodities? distribution service at isolated areas in Indonesia.Because of many factors, currently this Pelayaran Rakyat industries have a verypoor performances. The purpose of this research is to identificate whether or notPelayaran Rakyat?s performances can be increase in the aspect of costcomponents. The research took place in Sunda Kelapa harbour with PelayaranRakyat companies at Sunda Kelapa as the subject and the research went withquestionnaire and structural interviews as the methods. From the result, it canconclude that the cost components of Pelayaran Rakyat is already in a good state.However, in order to increase the performance of Pelayaran Rakyat, companieshave to optimize their financial outcome, especially the exaggerated costcomponents."

"Dan beragam moda transportasi taut yang ada di Indonesia saat ini, armada Pelayaran Rakyat (disingkat Petra) adalah sebagai satah satu moda transportasi taut nasional yang sudah rnembuktikan dirinya sebagai armada yang tangguh yang berbasis perahu tradisional yang inemakai layar dam sekarang tambahan motor, Akan tetapi seiring kemajuan Iptek di bidang transportasi perkapaian, keberadaan armada PeIra semakin tersingkirkan dan mengliadapi tantangan pasar yang semakin besar.Kondisi ini tentu sangat mencemaskan, karena seiama ini Peran PeIra adalah sebagai angkutan rakyat yang dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi penyebaran barang konsumsi khususnya ke,pulau-pulau terpencil dan terisolasi dart jangkauan infrastruktur pembangunan pada umumnya.Adapun yang menjadi tujuan penelitian untuk memberikan interpretasi dan analisis keberadaan Petra di Indonesia yang rnencakup:1. Untuk mendeskripsikan peran Petra dalam sistem transportasi taut nasional, termasuk kekuatan, kelemahan, peiuang dan ancaman yang dihadapi pada saat ini.2. Terumusnya upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam rneningkatkan peran Petra.3. Untuk mendeskripsikan peran strategis Petra ditinjau dart kepentingan ketahanan nasional.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan metodologi kualitatif oleh Mathew B.Miles dan A.Michaet I-iubennan (1992). Dengan data kualitatif kita dapat rnengikuti dan memahami alur perisriwa secara kronologis, inenilai sebab akibat dalam lingkup pikiran orang-orang setempat dan memperoleh penjelasan yang banyak dan barmanfaat.1. Tujuan penelitian nomor i dipernleh kesimpulan bahwa: peran kapal Pe:ra claim sistem transportasi taut nasional memiliki kelemahan yang prinsip seperti permodalan, teknologi, dan sum her daya nianusia dibandingkan dengan kekuatan yang ada, dampak tcrhadap perusahaan adalah sulirnya pelayaran rakyat untuk mengembangkan usahanya dibidang jasa angkutan taut.2. Tujuan penelitian nomor 2 diperolelt kesimpulan bahwa: untuk meningkatkan peran pelayaran rakyat dengan menggunakan strategi: Weakness-Opportunity (WO = -0,74 dan 0,36), karena posisinya berada pada kwadran IV yakni rnemanfaatkan peluang yang ada untuk metninimalkan kelemahan yang dimiliki atau konsolidasi.3. Tujuan penelitian nomor 3 diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa: Melibataktiikan Petra sangatlah strategis sebagai liingsi pernantau ketmanan perairan Indonesia, sehingga Petra memungkinkan mendukung terwujudnya ketahanan nasional dibidang Ipoleksosbudhankain IIdeologi, Politik, Ekonomi, Sosial Budaya, Pertahanan dan keamanan.

---

From various means of sea transportation currently existing in Indonesia, the People Sailing (Petra) is one of sea transportation which has proven it self as a solid transportation based on traditional boat equipped with shade and presently supplemented with motor. However, line with the technological and scientific development in the sector of vessel transportation, the existence of Pelra transportation has been increasingly ignored and has faced the more market challenge.

This condition is of course very planning, because thus far the Petra transportation has much provided benefit, especially in reaching the isolated areas and islands.

This study is aimed at providing interpretation and analysis on the existence of Petra in Indonesia which involve:

1. To describe the role of Petra in the national sea transportation system, including the strengths, weaknesses of the opportunity, and the threat faced at the present.

2. To describe the role of economy of Petra up to present as one of sea transportations for the community, especially isolate islands.

3. To formulate the efforts this may be performed in improving the Pelra. The methodology of research being applied is qualitative methodology by Mathew B. Miles and A. Michael Hubenman (1992). By using qualitative data, we may comprehend the chronological events; assess the causal relationship within the scope of thinking of local people and to obtain many beneficial explanations,

1. For the number 1 objective of study, it may be concluded that: the role of Pelra in transportation system go out to sea national have principal weakness like capital, technological, and human resource. compared to existing strength, impact to company is difficult of him sea transport of people to develop its effort of sea transport service area.

2. For the number 2 objective of study, it may be concluded that: by using the strategy, Weakness-Opportunity (WO = -0,74 dan 0,36), Because its position of Petra at four quadrant namely exploit existing opportunity for the minimization of weakness had or consolidation.

3. For the number 3 objective of study, it may be concluded that: involving the Pelra is very strategic as the function of monitoring security of Indonesian water, therefore l'clra enable to support the implementation of national defense in the sector of polsosbudhankrrn (Ideology. politics, social, culture, defense and security)."

"ABSTRAK

This study, titled ""Pasang Surut Pelayaran Perahu Rakyat di Pelabuhan Banjarmasin, 1880- 1990"" (The Ebb and Flow of Prahu Shipping in Banjarmasin Port, 1880-1990), is focused on the activities of prahu shipping in Banjarmasin port in its shipping network with surrounding ports. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the responses of prahu fleets to the changes in technology of sea transportation (steam ship, motorization, container ship, and crane) which go along with the changes in economic and politic affairs and also with the government's policy between 1880 up to 1990 in Banjarmasin port, and (2) to describe the position of Banjarmasin port in the growth of prahu shipping network in surrounding area. To describe the responses of prahu fleets to the technological as well as economical and political changes, I use a Campo's concept about the impacts of a new technology on the old one. According to him, the diffusion of a new technology will bring about four options to the users of the old one. The first, they try to adopt it. The second, they try to adapt to it: while using the old technology, they benefit from the rise in productivity and the spill-over of opportunities which often follow in the wake of technological innovation. The third, if there are no such opportunities, they maybe force to relocate their activities to some peripheral area. The fourth, if there seem to be no such opportunities for continuation, they exit and tryto do another enterprise. In this study, I propose two assumptions. The first, prahu shipping in Banjarmasin port still exists in coping with challenges of modernization because of some enabling factors: (a) the productions from hinterland such as rubber, wood, rattan etc. and handicrafts like tikar purun are plentiful, (b) prahu fleets have their own customers i.e. the small traders, (c) the flexibility of prahu fleets in loading and unloading cargo (it can load various cargo in a simple way and cheap cost. The second, the responses of prahu fleets to the new technology (steam ship, container, crane) are: (a) adaptation i.e. prahu fleets can benefit the chances the new technology brings, and (b) semirelocation i.e. prahu fleets expand their activity to the peripheral area, without retreat from the core area (Banjarmasin port), in order to get cargo. In 1880s to 1942 the existence of prahu shipping faced some challenges and changes i.e. new technology (steam ship), crisis of world economy, and war politic of Japan. The responses were at first competition with the steam ships of KPM and then adaptation (1880s to 1920s). When the steam ships of KPM collapsed for a while in the early of 1930s because of Economic Depression, prahu fleets revived, especially when the prahu shipping organization (ROEPELIN) was established 1935. In the early of 1940s, however, it decreased because the invasion of Japan in Indonesia. In the period of 1942 up to 1964, the prahu shipping was not in good condition because of war (up to the end of 1940s) and the political and economical unrest (1950-1957). It had actually chance to revive at the end of this."

"Nowadays, Indonesia has not been considered as a Maritime State yet this country has a huge potential of maritime resources as an Archipelago State. Bearing the predicate of Maritime State could only be achieved if the government is able to explore the maritime resources using its own capability and not depends on other country. In fact, Indonesia has not fully maximized its effort to develop the potential of maritime resources. In this modern era, Indonesia has no longer maritime culture and maritime character as Majapahit and Sriwijaya Kingdom is truly identical with both of it. On traditional shipping (Pelayaran Rakyat), practically, Pelayaran Rakyat has not been developed well. Even, it almost dies since there is no support from the government by creating regulation that will possibly encourage the role of Pelayaran Rakyat as one of maritime strength. Facing this challenges, UU Pelayaran is supposed tobe put forward in order to strengthen national shipping. Taking a look at the definition of Pelayaran Rakyat, it is said that Pelayaran Rakyat is a small business made by people traditionally. Based on that definition, ?traditional? term refers to ship that should be made by wood and use wind power. Consequently, it becomes a boundary to develop small business that is related to Pelayaran Rakyat. At the end, Pelayaran Rakyat cannot compete with other shipping and is left by the customers because they need speed, safety and reliable transportation for their business."