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"ABSTRACTAs a country that has a long history, Indonesia has a very rich national cultural heritage. Strategically located in the trading route, automatically shapes the culture of this country. The cultural heritages, which are ranging variously from traditional dance, traditional foods, traditional music and songs, languages, clothes, and many more, spread evenly throughout the regions in Indonesia. There are two kinds of cultural heritage, namely tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage, which Indonesia has both types. The great number of these cultural inheritances should be preserved and protected by the go vernment."

"The most contentious issue in the Revolutionary Congress that crafted the 1899 Malolos Constitution pertained to the separation of church and state, which won by a mere on vote. Until now this episode in Philippine history has not received a satisfactory explanation, which thisarticle seeks to offer. The debate in Malolos, as argued here, was profoundly divisive because the two sides were driven by differing visions of Natioanl Community..."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang fenomena penolakan integrasi Norwegia ke dalam Uni Eropa meskipun menerima kerugian materi dan non materi dengan tidak menjadi anggota. Semenjak menjadi negara berdaulat, Norwegia telah mengalami dua kali referendum yang keduanya menghasilkan tidak bergabungnya Norwegia ke dalam komunitas Eropa tersebut. Rumusan pertanyaan yang hendak dijawab dalam tulisan ini adalah “Mengapa Norwegia tidak menjadi anggota Uni Eropa dilihat dengan menggunakan kacamata konstruktivisme?” Dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme aspirasional, penelitian ini menyoroti motivasi non-material sebagai alasan yang mendasari mayoritas masyarakat Norwegia enggan bergabung ke dalam Uni Eropa. Teori konstruktivis aspirasional diambil dri tulisan Anne L. Clunan digunakan sebagai kerangka utama penelitian ini bersamaan dengan pemikiran lainnya. Tesis ini berargumen bahwa sejarah dan aspirasi masyarakat merupakan kunci dalam pembentukan identitas nasional yang menjadi faktor penting dalam kebijakan luar negeri suatu negara. Sejarah dan aspirasi masyarakat Norwegia dalam hal ini mempengaruhi penolakan integrasi Norwegia kedalam institusi supranasional tersebut.

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This research explore Norway-EU integration rejection phenomena notwithstanding the fact of material as well as non material loss because of the non member status. Since its constitution founded, Norway have twice held referendum both against integration to the European Union. This research then seek to answer “Why Norway not EU Member from constructivism approach?”. Using aspirational constructivism approach, this research focuses on non-material motivation as the foundation by which majority of Norwegian reluctanct to join European Union. This research used  theory of aspirational constructivism as its main framework. It argue that history and aspiration of Norwegian people are the key in shaping national identity which is one of the main factor in the country foreign policy to reject memberships for the supranational institutions."