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"Tesis ini membahas mengenai bagaimana struktur corporate governance dapat mempengaruhi cost of debt perusahaan. Penelitian ini mengangkat mengenai struktur corporate governance karena hal ini dianggap sebagai mekanisme yang dapat mengakomodir kepentingan seluruh stakeholders. Dewan komisaris merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam hal pengawasan dan pengendalian terhadap kinerja manajemen. Sedangkan cost of debt merupakan beban bagi perusahaan yang pada umumnya dilihat berdasarkan kondisi keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana pengaruh independensi dan proporsi dewan komisaris yang berpengalaman yang memiliki fungsi sebagai pengawas bagi pihak manajemen dapat mempengaruhi cost of debt. Hal ini terkait dengan ekspektasi kreditur terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan adanya efek organ pengawas. Berdasarkan 55 sampel pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2009, peneliti menemukan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara banyak dewan komisaris yang berpengalaman dan independensi dewan komisaris terhadap cost of debt.

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This focus of study is how the structure of corporate governance influence company's cost of debt. Cost of debt is the cost from external financing and it related to financial condition. The structure of corporate governance which is board of commissioner have a function to direction and supervise of board of director performance. Existence account board of commissioner that expertise and independent board of commissioner increase creditor's expectation on company which is give a lower cost of debt to company. In sample of 55 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2009, this study find that inconsistence evidence with regard to the impact of independent board of commissioner and board of commissioner expertise on cost of debt."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari struktur kepemilikan dan tata kelola perusahaan dalam memitigasi agency cost. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu 200 biggest market capitalization of non-financial companies yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2012-2014. Dalam mengukur agency cost peneliti menggunakan proksi ROA. Variabel independen di penelitian ini meliputi remunerasi dewan, ukuran dewan komisaris, independensi dewan komisaris, kepemilikan keluarga, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional dan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel kontrol. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel remunerasi dewan berpengaruh secara statistik mengurangi agency cost. Kepemilikan manajerial memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan agency cost.

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ABSTRACT

This research aims to analyze the influence of ownership structure and corporate governance in mitigating agency cost. The sample used was 200 Biggest Market Capitalization of Non-Financial Companies Listed in IDX for the year 2012-2014. In measuring agency cost, researcher used ROAIndependent variable included in this research consists of board remuneration, size of board of commissioner, board of comissioner independency, family ownership, managerial ownership, institutional ownership and firm size as control variable. The result from this research shows that board remuneration statistically lowering agency cost. Managerial ownership has a positive influence on agency cost."

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh corporate governance terhadap cost of capital pada perusahaan perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia BEI selama periode 2009 2013 Proksi dari corporate governance adalah dewan komisaris independen ukuran dewan komisaris kepemilikan manajerial dan kepemilikan institusional Sedangkan cost of capital akan diukur berdasarkan perhitungan Weighted Average Cost of Capital WACC Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi bergandaHasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran dewan komisaris dan kepemilikan manajerial memiliki hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap cost of capital kepemilikan institusional memiliki hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap cost of capital dan komisaris independen memiliki hubungan yang positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap cost of capital

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The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of corporate governance on cost of capital from non-financial firms which are listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2009-2013 period. The proxies for corporate governance are board independence, board size, insider ownership, and institutional ownership. This study is a quantitative study which employs multiple regression.The results of the study show that board size and insider ownership significantly and negatively related to cost of capital, institutional ownership significantly and positively related to cost of capital, while board independence has no significant effect on cost of capital."

"Perusahaan berada dalam satu kondisi sulit keuangan atau ekonomi maka manajemen perusahaan akan melakukan berbagai tindakan untuk mengatasi kondisi tersebut. Manajemen laba dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu tindakan korektif untuk menyelamatkan perusahaan dari dampak buruk lainnya pada saat kondisi perusahaan mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Pada tahun 2013, mata uang Rupiah mengalami tingkat depresiasi terhadap dollar yang tinggi dan tingkat inflasi di Indonesia mencapai 8.39 persen. Sampai di tahun 2020, Indonesia dihadapkan dengan krisis akibat pandemi Covid-19 yang memicu ketidakpastian kondisi ekonomi Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh kondisi kesulitan keuangan perusahaan di Indonesia terhadap aktivitas manajemen laba. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya pengaruh kondisi kesulitan keuanga perusahaan terhadap aktivitas manajemen laba pada perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia periode 2013-2020. Pada perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia yang memiliki modal kerja negatif memiliki kecenderungan untuk melakukan aktivitas manajemen laba akrual dibandingkan manajemen laba riil.

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Companies can experience financial distress due to internal and external factors. When the company is in difficulties because of economic conditions, the company's management will take action to overcome these conditions. Earnings management can be a corrective action to save the company from other adverse effects when the company is experiencing financial distress. In 2013, the Rupiah experienced a high rate of depreciation against the US dollar, and the inflation rate in Indonesia reached 8.39 percent. Then in 2020, Indonesia faces a crisis due to the pandemic that triggers uncertainty in Indonesia's economic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine how the influence of the financial distress on earnings management of companies in Indonesia. This research method uses a quantitative approach. The results of the study indicate that there is an effect of the company's financial distress on earnings management activities in non-financial companies in Indonesia for the 2013-2020 period. Non-financial companies in Indonesia with negative working capital tend to carry out earnings management activities with the accrual approach compared to the real earnings management method."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan dari corporate governance terhadap biaya modal dan nilai perusahaan. Corporate governance merupakan seperangkat aturan yang mengatur relasi antara staekholders, pemerintah, pihak internal maupun eksternal, karyawan, dan manajemen yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan hak dan kewajiban mereka. Proksi yang digunakan untuk variabel corporate governance adalah komisaris independen, board size, kepemilikan manajerial, kepemilikan institusional dan kepemilikan non-institusional Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh corporate governance terhadap biaya modal dan nilai perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi data panel. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah non-keuangan yang tercatat di BEI pada periode tahun 2006-2016.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel dari corporate governance seperti, komisaris independen, boardsize, managerial ownership dan institusional ownership memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap biaya modal. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa variabel dari corporate governance seperti, boardsize, institusional ownership, dan non- institusional ownership berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan Tobins Q.

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This study examines the use of corporate governance to the cost of capital and corporate value. Corporate governance is a set of rules which manages the relationships between stakeholders, government, internal and external parties, employees, and management that are related to their rights and obligations. The proxies used for corporate governance variables are independent commissioners, board size, managerial ownership, institutional ownership and non institutional ownership. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of corporate governance on the cost of capital and firm value. The research method used is panel data regression. The sample used in this study is non financial listed on the IDX in the period 2006 2016.The results of this study indicate that variables of corporate governance such as, independent commissioner, boardsize, managerial ownership and institutional ownership have a significant influence on capital costs. In addition, the results of this study also found that variables of corporate governance such as boardsize, institutional ownership, and non institutional ownership significantly influence the firm 39s value Tobin 39s Q."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai bagaimana struktur corporate governance dapat mempengaruhi cost of debt perusahaan. Penelitian ini mengangkat mengenai struktur corporate governance karena hal ini dianggap sebagai mekanisme yang dapat mengakomodir kepentingan seluruh stakeholders. Dewan komisaris merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam hal pengawasan dan pengendalian terhadap kinerja manajemen. Sedangkan cost of debt merupakan beban bagi perusahaan yang pada umumnya dilihat berdasarkan kondisi keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana pengaruh independensi dan proporsi dewan komisaris yang berpengalaman yang memiliki fungsi sebagai pengawas bagi pihak manajemen dapat mempengaruhi cost of debt. Hal ini terkait dengan ekspektasi kreditur terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan adanya efek organ pengawas. Berdasarkan 55 sample pada perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2007, peneliti menemukan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara independensi dewan dan banyak dewan komisaris yang berpengalaman terhadap cost of debt.

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This focus of study is how the corporate governance`s structure influence company`s cost of debt. Cost of debt is the cost from external financing and it related to financial condition. Corporate governance`s structure which is board of commissioner have a function to direction and supervise of board of director performance. Existence independent board of commissioner and account board of commissioner that expertise increase creditor`s expectation on company which is give a lower cost of debt to company. In a sample of 55 firms in Jakarta Stock Exchange 2007, this study find that inconsistence evidence with regard to the impact of independent board of commissioner and board of commissioner expertise on cost of debt."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh struktur modal dan corporate governance terhadap leverage ratios pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2008-2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga definisi leverage ratios untuk melihat perbedaan signifikansi dan arah hubungan pada tiap model penelitian. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini berupa struktur modal (size, growth rate, profitability, asset tangibility) dan corporate governance (board size, board independence, insider ownership, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah tiga definisi leverage ratios (debt to equity ratio, long-term debt to equity ratio, dan debt to asset ratio).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada model 1 (DER) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara struktur modal (size, growth rate, profitability, asset tangibility) dan corporate governance (board size dan board independence) terhadap leverage ratios; pada model 2 (LDR) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara struktur modal (size dan asset tangibility) terhadap leverage ratios; pada model 3 (DR) terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara struktur modal (size, profitability, asset tangibility) dan corporate governance (board size, board independence, insider ownership) terhadap leverage-ratios.

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The main objective of this research is to analyze the effect of capital structure and corporate governance on leverage ratios of non financial companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2008-2012. This research uses three proxies of leverage ratios to see significance difference and relation signs in each model. The independence variables of this research are capital structure (size, growth rate, profitability, asset tangibility) and corporate governance (board size, board independence, insider ownership), while the dependence variables are the three proxies of leverage ratios (debt to equity ratio, long-term debt to equity ratio, debt to asset ratio).

The result shows that there is significant effect of capital structure (size, growth rate, profitability, asset tangibility) and corporate governance (board size, board independence) toward leverage ratios in the first model (DER), while the second model (LDR) shows significant effect of capital structure (size dan asset tangibility) towards leverage ratios, and there is significant effect of capital structure (size, profitability, asset tangibility) and corporate governance (board size, board independence, insider ownership) toward leverage ratios in the third model (DR)."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan dari struktur jajaran direksi dan dewan komisaris terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Variabel dependen adalah ROA dan Tobin?s q sedangkan variabel independen adalah ukuran jajaran direksi, keberadaan direktur wanita, ukuran dewan komisaris, presentase komisaris independen, lama direktur menjabat, jumlah rapat, leverage , umur perusahaan, ukuran perusahaan dan lama listing. Penelitian ini membuktikan ukuran jajaran direksi mempunyai hubungan positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan baik segi keuangan (ROA), maupun dari segi pasar (Tobin?s q). Keberadaan direktur wanita tidak mempunyai hubungan terhadap kinerja perusahan baik segi keuangan (ROA), maupun dari segi pasar(Tobin?s q). Ukuran dewan komisaris tidak mempunyai hubungan terhadap kinerja perusahan dari segi keuangan (ROA) dan mempunyai hubungan positif terhadap kinerja perusahan dari segi pasar (Tobin?sq). Komisaris independen tidak mempunyai hubungan terhadap kinerja perusahan baik segi keuangan (ROA), maupun dari segi pasar(Tobin?s q).

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to examine the relationship of the Board of Director and Board of Commissioner?s structure towards the company's performance. Dependence variable are ROA and Tobin?s q, whereas independence variable are size of Board of Direction, presence female directors, size of Board of Commissioner, president director tenure, number board meetings, leverage, firm age, size of the company, and years listing. This research proof that size of the board of director gives positive relationship towards company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between presence of female director with company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between size of board of commissioner with company?s performance in financial terms (ROA) and have a positive relationship towards company?s performance and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between independent commissioner with company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market terms (Tobin?s Q).;The aim of this research is to examine the relationship of the Board of Director and Board of Commissioner?s structure towards the company's performance. Dependence variable are ROA and Tobin?s q, whereas independence variable are size of Board of Direction, presence female directors, size of Board of Commissioner, president director tenure, number board meetings, leverage, firm age, size of the company, and years listing. This research proof that size of the board of director gives positive relationship towards company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between presence of female director with company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between size of board of commissioner with company?s performance in financial terms (ROA) and have a positive relationship towards company?s performance and market value (Tobin?s Q). There is no relationship between independent commissioner with company?s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market terms (Tobin?s Q)., The aim of this research is to examine the relationship of the Board of Director and Board of Commissioner’s structure towards the company's performance. Dependence variable are ROA and Tobin’s q, whereas independence variable are size of Board of Direction, presence female directors, size of Board of Commissioner, president director tenure, number board meetings, leverage, firm age, size of the company, and years listing. This research proof that size of the board of director gives positive relationship towards company’s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin’s Q). There is no relationship between presence of female director with company’s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market value (Tobin’s Q). There is no relationship between size of board of commissioner with company’s performance in financial terms (ROA) and have a positive relationship towards company’s performance and market value (Tobin’s Q). There is no relationship between independent commissioner with company’s performance both in financial terms (ROA) and market terms (Tobin’s Q).]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh risiko, khususnya risiko karakteristik perusahaan dan risiko makroekonomi terhadap keputusan pendanaan serta keputusan perusahaan dalam melakukan penyesuaian menuju struktur modal yang ditargetkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan two-step robust system-GMM estimator untuk mengestimasi standard-reduced form partial adjustment model dari 232 perusahaan di sektor non keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2007-2014.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa risiko karakteristik perusahaan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pendanaan, sementara risiko makroekonomi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa ketika dihadapkan pada risiko karakteristik perusahaan, perusahaan akan melakukan proses penyesuaian struktur modal yang lebih lambat terhadap tingkat yang ditargetkan. Hal ini berbeda ketika perusahaan dihadapkan pada risiko makroekonomi dimana perusahaan akan melakukan proses penyesuaian struktur modal yang lebih cepat terhadap tingkat yang ditargetkan.

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This paper is aimed to analyze the impact of risks, specifically firm-specific risk and macroeconomic risk towards financing decision and firm decision to adjust capital structure towards their target. The research used two-step robust system-GMM estimator to estimate the standard-reduced form partial adjustment model of capital structure from 232 non-financial companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2007-2014.The findings indicate that firm-specific risk has no significant impact for financing decision, whereas macroeconomic risk is negatively significant. Furthermore, this research finds that when firms face firmspecific risks, they will tend to adjust their capital structure slower to the target. This is contradictory with the result when firms face macroeconomic risk that they will adjust their capital structure faster to the target."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan terhadap struktur dewan komisaris dan direksi pada perusahaan non keuangan dan non utilitas yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2008-2012, menggunakan pendekatan ordinary least square (OLS). Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel perusahaan Indonesia tahun 2008-2012, dipilih 101 perusahaan sebagai sampel. Karakteristik perusahaan terdiri dari kompleksitas perusahaan, biaya monitoring dan advising serta insentif kepemilikan saham. Penulis menemukan bahwa kompleksitas perusahaan memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap board size. Biaya monitoring dan advising tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap board independence dan insentif kepemilikan juga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap board independence.

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This study investigates the effect of firm characteristics on board structure of Indonesian Listed Companies 2008-2012 employing ordinary least square (OLS) approach. This study is used a panel of Indnesian firms between 2008-2012, 101 firms were selected as a sample. Firm characteristics consists of its complexity, the costs of monitoring and advising, and ownership incentives. This empirical results show that firm complexity on board size is positive. The costs of monitoring and advising is not significant on board independence and ownership incentives is not significant too on board independence."