Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKMalaria is a main public health problem in 109 countries and approximately 14 million people live in malaria endemic provinces in Afghanistan. This study is aimed to identify the independent predictors influencing the use of bed nets and determine the bed net coverage through a cross-sectional study with sample size of 171 households in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. The result indicated that source of health education, number of rooms, locality of households and reading ability are the significant predictors associated with use of bed net and the coverage of bed net was 18.8% among surveyed population. As a conclusion, the big proportion of people who reported the habit of sleeping under bed net, were the respondents who received malaria related health messages from (TV, radio, newspapers, workplace and mosque), lived in urban area, owned less number of rooms and were able to read."

"This milestones in drug therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail."

"Penyakit malaria mcrupakan masalah kesehatan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh parasil yang discbut plasmodium. Upaya yang telah dilakukan untuk pemberantasan pcnyakit malaria meliputi upaya pencegahan, penemuan dan pemberantasan vektor serta pcrbaikan lingkungan. Salah satu upaya pencegahan penyakit- malaria adalah dengun penggunaan kelambu yang telah dikombinasikan dengan insektisida (Long Lmzing Insecticide Nets). Dalam upaya pencegahan malaria melalui penggunaan kelambu lerdapat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, antara lain faktor sosiodemografi, persepsi kerentanan dan keseriusan serta persepsi manfaat dikurangi hambatan.Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa saja yang herhubungan dengan penggunaan kelumbu. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei dengnn rancangan pcnelitian non eksperimental dan dilakukan secara potong lintang (cru.v.>' scclional), dilakukan di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Setelah dilakukan pcnclilian didapatkan hasil bahwa persentase penggunaan kclambu sebesar 72.9% Falalor yang bcrhubungan dengan pcnggunan kelambu adalah pekerjaan, persepsi kcseriusan dan persepsi hambatan yang dirasakan dalam penggunaan kclambu. Penting bagi pcmerintah daerah untuk meningkatkan promosi kesehatan dalam mcningingkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat khususnya yang bekerja di sektor informal dcngan pekerjaan beresiko penularan penyakit malaria, serta upaya mcningkutkan pengetahuan akan pcntingnya penggunaan kelambu sebagai upaya pcnccgalmn pcnyakit malaria.

---

Malaria is known as a disease caused by a parasite called plasmodiutn. Many efforts have been done to eradicate the disease, including preventing, vectors finding and eradicating. as well as environment improvement. One ofthe way to prevent the disease is to by using a bed-net with have insecticide on it, called Long Lasting insectide nets However, there some factors related to the use of bed-net for malaria prevention, such as socio-demographic factors, perception to vulnerability and to seriousness, and perceived benefit minus perceived barrier. A study is developed with a purpose on finding the factors related to bed-net utilization. There is a survey with a non-experimental of cross-sectional design at the District of South Lampung. The study found that the bed-net utilization is around seventy three percent (72.9%) Factors related to the situation are found to be occupation, perception to seriousness and to obstacles on using the bed-nets. There is a needed for regional authority that escalating the health promotion in order to increase community knowledge, especially to those who work on informal sectors with a risk on acquiring malaria transmission. as well as the knowledge on the importance of using bed-net in malaria prevention."

"Malaria masih menjadi masalah yang serius, baik secara nasional maupun global WHO dengan Global Malaria Program telah menetapkan strategi untuk mengurangi kesakitan malaria sampai dengan separuhnya pada tahun 2010 dan membebaskan dunia dari Malaria pada tahun 2025 dengan program pemakaian kelambu insektisida (ITNs dan I INs). mencanangkan gerakan brantas malaria (GEBRAK Malaria) sejak tahun 1998. Studi ini merupakan Review Literature dengan Sistematic Review dan Meta-analisis terhadap studi yang dilakukan oleb mabasiswa FKM Ul yang tersimpan dalam arsip perpustakaan, sejak tahun 1988 sampai tahun 2007. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar hubungan antara penggunaan Kelambu dengan kasus malaria yang dihasilkan dari studi yang terpilih, agar dapat dijadikan masukan bagi upaya pemberantasan malaria secar nasional. Dua puluh satu studi diikutkan dalam meta-analisis, dengan hasil perhitungan OR mh yang menunjukkan bertambah kuatnya OR yang dihasilkan dengan 95% CI yang sempit. 18 studi kasus control memberikan nilai OR yang lebih besar dan sempit dibandingkan dengan OR studi kroseksional. Tidak ada perbedaan yang mencolok, diantara kelompok studi dengan power kuat (>80) dengan kelompok studi yang powernya <80%. Studi di daerah Sumatera bagian Selatan (Sumatera Selatan, Bangka Beiitung, Bengkuiu. Lampung, Jambi) dan Riau membedklan nilai OR yang paling besar dibandingkan dengan nilai OR darl studi dl wilayab lain, bahkan dibandingkan dengan studi di wilayah Timur yang merupakan daerah endemis tinggi (AMI> 100 o/oo). Perlu upaya Scale up pemakaian kelambu, minimal dengan kelambu biasa, kalau bisa kelambu yang telah ditreatmen/ditambahkan dengan insektisida, karena jika tidak menggunakan kelambu akan lebih berpeluang 3 x tertular malaria, dibandingkan jika menggunakan kelambu sewaktu tidur. Perlu penelitian meta-analisis sejenis di seluruh perguruan tinggi yang ada di Indonesia, agar hasilnya lebih dapat digeneralisasikan untuk kebijakan penanggulangan malaria secara nasional.

---

Malaria still becoming problem which is serious, either nationally globaland also. WHO with Global Malaria Program has specified strategy to lessen painfulness of malaria up to half (its half In the year 2010 and trees world from Malaria In the year 2025, with usage program of insecticide mosquito net ( ITNS and LLINs). Indonesia has targeted movement Roll Back Malaria Program slnce the year 1998. This study is Review Literature with Sistematic Review and Meta-analisis to study done by student FKM Ulwhich is on file in library archive, since the year 1981until the year 2007. Its the purpose is to know how big relation between usage of bed net with malaria case yielded from chosen study, to can be made input to eradication effort of malaria nationally. Twenty one studies joifled in meta-analisls, wfth result of calculation ORmh showing Increases strong of OR yielded with 95 % Cl which narrow; tight. 18 studies kasus-kontrol gives value OR larger ones and narrow; tlght compared to OR study krosekslonat there are stnK:lng difference, betw'een group of study with strong power >=80 with group of study which its(the power< SO %. Study in Sumatra area (South Sumatra, Bangka Belitung, Bengkulu, Lampung, Jambi and Riau) given value OR which is biggest compared to value OR from study in other region, even is compared to study in. East region of Indonesia which is high endemics area (AMI> 100 0/00). Need to strive up mosquito net usage,minimum with ordinary mosquito net, if mosquito net possible to which had been treated by insecticide, because otherwise applies bed net would more having opportunity 3 x is infected by malaria, compared to if using mosquito net at the time sleep. Need to scale up mosquito?"

"Malaria merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di propinsi Papua. Meluasnya penyebaran parasit malaria dan penanganan program malaria yang tidak teratur serta diikuti adanya krisis ekonomi dan perselisihan di masyarakat Papua pada akhir tahun 1990an telah mengakibatkan situasi malaria di daerah Papua semakin terpuruk. Untuk menentukan besaran permasalahan malaria saat ini, suatu survei malariometrik telah dilakukan di tiga Kecamatan di Kabupaten Jayapura serta uji sensitifitas obat antimalaria sulfadoksin-pirimetamin (SP) pada pasien malaria di unit rawat jalan RSU Abepura, Puskesmas Hamadi dan Poliklinik Panti Asuhan Katolik Sentani, Kabupaten Jayapura, Propinsi Papua. Pada survei malariometrik, dari 543 subyek yang diperiksa, ditemukan 185 subyek terinfeksi malaria P.falciparum, dan P.vivax serta infeksi campuran keduanya. Seluruh kasus malaria yang ditemukan merupakan kasus tanpa gejala (asimtomatik). Pada uji sensitifitas obat antimalaria dengan SP, dari 56 subyek yang diikutsertakan, ditemukan 32 subyek mengalami kegagalan pengobatan dini (KPD) dan 2 subyek mengalami kegagalan pengobatan kasep (KPK) serta 22 subyek berhasil pada pengobatan ini. Hasil-hasil di atas menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi malaria di Kabupaten Jayapura serta angka kegagalan pengobatan SP cukup tinggi dan oleh karena itu diperlukan adanya obat antimalaria baru yang sesuai dengan keadaan pada daerah tersebut.

---

AbstractMalaria poses a major public health problem in Papua. The rapid spread of drug-resistant parasites and deterioration of the malaria control program following the monetary crisis and civil strife in the late 90?es have worsened the malaria situation in many areas of Papua. To re-assess the current magnitude of malaria problem, a malariometric survey was conducted in three sub-districts of Jayapura District, as well as antimalarial drug sensitivity test using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) at the outpatient clinics of Abepura General Hospital (RSU), Hamadi Primary Health Center and Panti Asuhan Katolik Clinics, Sentani, Jayapura District, Papua Province. Screening of 543 subjects in three sub-districts revealed 185 malaria positive subjects, either with P. falciparum, P. vivax or mixed of the two species. All of the malaria cases were asymptomatic. In the SP drug sensitivity test, of the 56 subjects involved, 32 were classified as early treatment failure and two subjects were classified as late treatment failure. The remaining 22 subjects were classified as adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR). These results indicated that the surveyed area has a high malaria prevalence and treatment failure to SP and therefore alert to the need of deploying new antimalarial regiment that suit the remote setting."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan beban malaria tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Diperkirakan 35 persen penduduk Indonesia tinggal di daerah denganAnnual Parasite Incidence (API) yang berisiko tertular malaria. Perilaku pencegahan penyakit malaria dilakukan untuk menurunkan angka kejadian malaria di Indonesia terutama di wilayah berpotensi malaria. Tujuan penelitian iniadalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor hubungan perilaku pencegahan malariadengan kejadian malaria di provinsi Bengkulu tahun 2013. Penelitianmenggunakan data RISKESDAS 2013 dengan desain studi cross sectional. Dengan desain efek dua, maka jumlah minimum sampel adalah 3.412 responden. Sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh individu di rumah tangga di provinsiBengkulu yang terpilih menjadi responden RISKESDAS 2013 yaitu 18.120 responden. Faktor dominan perilaku pencegahan yang mempengaruhi kejadian malaria yaitu jenis kelamin, klasifikasi wilayah, dan konsumsi obat pencegahan.Dimana jenis kelamin laki-laki berpeluang terkena malaria sebesar 1,2 kalidibandingkan dengan perempuan setelah di kontrol umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan,klasifikasi wilayah, kelambu berinsektisida, obat nyamuk bakar, kasa nyamuk,repelen, rumah di semprot insektisida, dan konsumsi obat pencegahan.

---

ABSTRACTIndonesia is one country with the highest malaria burden in Southeast Asia. An estimated 35 percent of Indonesia's population live in areas with Annual ParasiteIncidence (API) that is at risk of contracting malaria. Malaria prevention behaviors done to reduce the incidence of malaria in Indonesia, especially in thearea of potential malaria. The purpose of this study is knowing the relationship between the behavior to prevent malaria with malaria with malaria incidence in Bengkulu province in 2013. The study used data RISKESDAS 2013 with cross sectional study design using the data RISKESDAS 2013. With two design effects, the minimum number of samples was 3412 respondents. Samples were allindividuals in households in Bengkulu province were elected to the respondent RISKESDAS 2013 ie 18 120 respondents. The dominant factor affecting the behavior of the incidence of malaria prevention: gender, region classification, and prevention of drug consumption. Where the male chance of getting malaria by 1.2 times compared with women after control variables age, education, occupation, region classification, insecticide-treated nets, mosquito coils, mosquito netting, repellent, home insecticide spray, and prevention of drug consumption."

"The number of malaria cases in the world is 350- 500 million and more than one minion deaths occur every year, particularly intropical area and Africa. The prevalence of malaria in Indonesia is 2.85%. There are 49.6% Indonesian people which is risky to get infected with malaria because of living in an endemic malaria area. The prevalence of malaria in South Sumatera is 1.01 % and OKU District is the most endemic malaria area in South Sumatera with number of AMI (Annual Malaria Incidence) in 2008. of23.4%.In genera1t the objective of study was to assess the relation between the use of anti-mosquito lotion and incidence of malaria at Pengandonan, and the specific objectives are :1. To assess the relation between the use of anti mosquito lotion and incidence of malaria 2. To assess porentiaJ impact of the use of anti­ mosquito lotion and incidence of malaria at Pengandorum. OKU District.The study is an observational epidemiology in case control study design. The target population of the study was people of OKU District, while the actual population was people who live in Pengandonan and participated in MBS. The sample population was people who participated in MBS and recruited as sample study.The use of anti-mosquito lotion has significant influence with malaria incidence ofOR=0,312 p=O,OOO (95% CI 0,19-0,056), which means people who use anti mosquito lotion is only 0.312 times more risky to get infected with malaria compare to people who don't. The house construction has significant relation with malaria incidence of0R=7,88 p=O,OOO (95% Cl4,74-13,12).The knowledge of respondent about malaria has significant relation with malaria incidence of OR=0,49 dan p=O,OOJ (95% CI 0,31-0,78). Variable of "have acted around house» (IF 0.519) and variable of "diSstance of mosquito bedding"(p=O.l35) has no significant relation with malaria incidence. people who use anti-mosquito lotion is only 0.312 times more risky to get infected with malaria compare to people who don't. Public health intervention such as use of mosquito lotion will provide potential impact in decreasing malaria incidence in community of 53%.Suggestions:1. Efforts need to use anti-mosquito lotion that can be affordable by the community.considering the use of anti-mosquito lotion to prevent mosquito bites when outside the home is very effective and efficient.2. Increased knowledge of community with intensive counselling efforts so the knowledge of community about the disease malaria can be better, so they can be aware of their own willingness to seek a variety of activities that are preventive to mosquito bites."

"Irian Jaya merupakan propinsi dengan masalah malaria tertinggi (SPR pelita V 54,05%), selain sebagai penerima transmigrasi cukup besar di Indonesia. Jayapura adalah kabupaten penerima transmigrasi ke-2 terbesar setelah Merauke dan memiliki masalah malaria lebih tinggi dari kabupaten Merauke. Kecamatan Arso juga sebagai penerima transmigrasi terbesar di kabupaten Jayapura dengan masalah malaria paling tinggi (AMI, Desember 1994: 579,48 per 1000 penduduk). Jenis penelitian adalah "kasus kontrol', untuk mempelajari pengaruh tindakan pencegahan perorangan terhadap kejadian malaria. Selain itu untuk mengetahui pengaruh tindakan pencegahan perorangan terhadap kejadian malaria setelah dikontrol faktor-faktor kovariat. Populasi study yaitu kelompok umur 15 - 50 tahun. Analisis statistik dengan uji odds ratio dan kai kuadrat serta multiple regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tindakan pencegahan gigitan nyamuk mempengaruhi kejadian malaria. Jika tindakan pencegahan gigitan nyamuk tergolong kurang maka risiko kejadian malaria sebesar 2,464 kali dibandingkan yang memiliki tindakan pencegahan tersebut yang tergolong baik (p = 0,0126, 95% CI : 1,196-5,078). Sedangkan faktor kebiasaan berada di luar rumah pada malam hari dan kebiasaan berpakaian pada waktu tidur malam tidak mempengaruhi kejadian malaria. Faktor yang berperan sebagai kovariat yaitu status penyemprotan rumah dengan IRS dan lama bermukim di unit pemukiman transmigrasi. Risiko kejadian malaria akan meningkat menjadi 3,066 kali jika penduduk memiliki tindakan pencegahan gigitan nyamuk tergolong kurang setelah dikontrol oleh 2 faktor kovariat tersebut (p = 0,0075, 95% CI : 1,350-6,966 dan likelihood ratio = 0,0425).

---

Malaria incident and individual prevention action at transmigration settlement of sub-distrct Arso, district Jayapura, Province of Irian Jaya.Irian Jaya is made up of a Province which is susceptible against malaria - the highest among other Provinces in Indonesia (SPR of pelita [five years development plant] V was 54,05%), apart from a big transmigrant sites in Indonesia. Jayapura is the number two biggest transmigrant receiver after Merauke but having the higher malaria matters than Merauke district. Sub-district Arso is the biggest receiver city of transmigrant as well as Jayapura county by having the highest rate of malaria matters (AMI, December 1994: 579,48 per 1000 people).

Type of this research is 'case control' to learn the impact of individual prevention action against malaria incident. Apart from that, it is to find out the impact of individual prevention action against malaria incident after controlled by covariates factors. Study's subject was population under age group 15-50 years. Statistic analysis by means of odds ratio, chi square and multiple logistic regression as well.

The result of this research indicated that prevention action of mosquito bite impact on malaria incident. When such preventions is classified less so the malaria incident will be 2.464 times compared with one classified good (p = 0.0126,95% Cl :1,196-5,078). While other factors such as stay outside of house at night time and dressing habit on bed time do not effect malaria incident.

Factor is considered as covariat factor are house spraying activities status with IRS and the length of dwelling at transmigration settlement. The risk of malaria incident will increase to be 3.066 times if the population has less prevention action of mosquito bite after controlling by the two covariat factors (p = 0.0075,95% CI :1,350-6,966 and likelihood ratio is (0,0425)."

"ABSTRAKMalaria adalah penyakit endemik di negara tropis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasihubungan karakteristik keluarga, penyuluhan kesehatan langsung dan media massa denganperilaku pencegahan malaria di Kecamatan Cempaka Kota Banjarbaru. Penelitian inimenggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada 293responden dengan cluster proporsional. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermaknaantara tipe keluarga, pendidikan, tahap perkembangan keluarga, penyuluhan kesehatanlangsung, media massa dengan perilaku pencegahan (p<0,05). Tipe keluarga besarmerupakan faktor yang dominan. Upaya promosi kesehatan ditingkatkan melalui keluargabesar, penyuluhan kesehatan langsung, dan media massa. Perawat komunitas disarankanmelakukan edukasi pada keluarga inti agar dapat melakukan pencegahan secara optimal.

---

ABSTRACTMalaria is an endemic disease in tropical countries. This study aims to identify correlation offamily characteristics, direct health education and mass media towards preventive behaviourson malaria at Kecamatan Cempaka, Kota Banjarbaru. A descriptive correlation design with crosssectionalapproach applied to 293 respondents. It showed significant correlations between familytype, education, family developmental stage, direct health education, and mass media withpreventive behavior (p <0,05). Family type is the dominant factor. Health promotion effortsimproved through extended family, the direct health education and mass media. Nurses aresuggested to educate the nuclear family in order to perform optimal prevention."

"Malaria merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Oleh sebab itu, masyarakat perlu mendapatkan pengetahuan mengenai malaria, salah satunya melalui penyuluhan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan pencegahan malaria dan perilaku penggunaan kelambu serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada murid sekolah di kecamatan Bayah setelah mendapat penyuluhan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional. Data diambil pada tanggal 16-18 Oktober 2009 dengan mewawancarai responden menggunakan kuesioner.Hasilnya menunjukkan laki-laki sebanyak 43,4% dan perempuan 56,6%. Usia < 12 tahun 41,5% dan > 12 tahun 58,5%. Sumber informasi paling berkesan adalah petugas kesehatan (57,5%). Tingkat pengetahuan pencegahan malaria yang baik 29,2%, sedang 22,6%, dan kurang 48,1%. Perilaku penggunaan kelambu yang baik 3,8%, sedang 15,1%, dan kurang 81,1%. Berdasarkan uji chisquare, terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) antara pengetahuan pencegahan malaria dengan jumlah sumber informasi dan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) antara pengetahuan pencegahan malaria dengan usia, jenis kelamin, kegiatan, sumber informasi paling berkesan, dan riwayat menderita malaria. Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) antara perilaku penggunaan kelambu dengan semua karakteristik responden.Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan pencegahan malaria hanya berhubungan dengan jumlah sumber informasi dan tidak berhubungan dengan karakteristik demografi responden lainnya serta tidak ada hubungan antara perilaku penggunaan kelambu dengan semua karakteristik demografi responden.Malaria is a public health problem in Indonesia. Therefore, people need to gain knowledge about malaria, by giving health education.

This study aims to determine knowledge level regarding malaria prevention, behaviour of using bed nets, and related factors of students in Bayah after given a health education. The study was conducted with cross-sectional design. Data was collected on October 16-18 2009 by interviewing respondents using the questionnaires.

The results show male respondents 41,5% and female 56,6%. All respondents had received information about malaria.The most impressive information source is health care provider (57,5%). There are 29,2% with good knowledge level of malaria prevention, 22,6% fair, and 48,1% poor. There are 3,8% with good behaviour of using bed nets, 15,1% fair, and 81,1% poor. There were significant differences (p<0,05) between knowledge level of malaria prevention to the number of information sources. There were no significant differences (p>0,05) between knowledge level to age, sex, daily activity, the most impressive source, and history of malaria. There were no significant differences between behaviour of using bednets and all respondents? demographic characteristics.

It can be concluded that knowledge level regarding malaria prevention is associated with the number of information sources and considered not associated to another respondents? demographic characteristics. It also can be concluded that the behaviour of using bednets is not associated with respondents? demographic characteristics."