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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh corporate governance dan kinerja keuangan terhadap credit rating. Penelitian ini adalah pengujian empiris dengan menggunakan model ordered logit, menggunakan sampel 57 perusahaan pada periode 2007, 2008 dan 2010. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa corporate governance dan kinerja keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap credit rating. Semakin tinggi komitmen perusahaan dalam menerapkan prinsip-prinsip good corporate governance dan kinerja keuangannya, risiko ketidakmampuan membayar (default risk) perusahaan menjadi lebih rendah, sehingga kepercayaan kreditor terhadap perusahaan akan meningkat. Kepercayaan yang tinggi dari kreditor dapat meningkatkan credit rating suatu perusahaan.

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ABSTRACTThis research investigated whether the effect of corporate governance and financial performance on credit rating. This study is an empirical test using ordered logit models, using a sample of 57 companies in the period 2007, 2008 and 2010. This research found that corporate governance and financial performance have a positive and significant affect on credit rating. High commitment of the company in implementing the principles of good corporate governance and increasing financial performance, default risk of the company will be lower, so the creditors of the company's trust will be increase. The high trust of the creditors can improve a company's credit rating."

"[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh peringkat corporate governance terhadap kinerja keuangan periode 2008-2012. Pengujian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode regresi data panel, dimana variabel dependen adalah kinerja keuangan yang diproksikan oleh earning per share, Return on Assets, dan Return on Equity sedangkan peringkat corporate governance sebagai variabel independen. Terdapat tiga model dalam penelitian ini, yaitu menggunakan nilai dari masing-masing variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian pada model pertama menunjukkan bahwa peringkat corporate governance tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Model kedua dan ketiga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan.

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The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the corporate governance rating on firm performance in 2008-2012. Hypotheses were tested using the estimation

method of panel data whereby the dependent variable is the firm performance, which uses earning per share, return on assets, and return on equity as indicator, while the corporate governance rating as the independent variable. There are three models in this study, which uses the value of each variable dependent. The results of the study on the first model indicate that the corporate governance rating do not have an influence on the firm performance while on the second and third models indicate that the corporate governance rating have an influence on the firm

performance.;The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the corporate governance rating on

firm performance in 2008-2012. Hypotheses were tested using the estimation

method of panel data whereby the dependent variable is the firm performance,

which uses earning per share, return on assets, and return on equity as indicator,

while the corporate governance rating as the independent variable. There are three

models in this study, which uses the value of each variable dependent. The results

of the study on the first model indicate that the corporate governance rating do not

have an influence on the firm performance while on the second and third models

indicate that the corporate governance rating have an influence on the firm

performance., The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of the corporate governance rating on

firm performance in 2008-2012. Hypotheses were tested using the estimation

method of panel data whereby the dependent variable is the firm performance,

which uses earning per share, return on assets, and return on equity as indicator,

while the corporate governance rating as the independent variable. There are three

models in this study, which uses the value of each variable dependent. The results

of the study on the first model indicate that the corporate governance rating do not

have an influence on the firm performance while on the second and third models

indicate that the corporate governance rating have an influence on the firm

performance.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah penerpan corporate governance berpengaruh terhadap peringkat kredit perusahaan Dengan sampel 168 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2009 2013 penelitian ini membuktikan penerapan corporate governance berpengaruh terhadap peringkat Kredit dan komponen yang berpengaruh positif adalah jumlah direksi proporsi komisaris independen kepemilikan instirusional komite audit dan audit eksternal Sementara itu jumlah blockholders berpengaruh negatif terhadap peringkat kredit perusahaan Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa jumlah komisaris tidak berpengaruh terhadap peringkat kredit perusahaan.

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This study aims to examine whether implemented in corporate governance affect firm rsquo s credit rating With a sample of 168 firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX during 2009 2013 this study finds that implemented in corporate governance affect on firm rsquo s credit rating and the components positively affect are board size institutional ownership audit committee and external auditor While proportion of outside director and size of blockholders negatively affect firm rsquo s credit rating This study also finds that independent commissioner insignificantly associated with firm rsquo s credit rating."

"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh mekanisme corporate governance terhadap peringkat surat utang yang diterbitkan oleh perusahaan di Indonesia yang bergerak pada sektor industri perbankan dan keuangan. Tata kelola perusahaan dilihat dari segi efektivitas peran organ dewan komisaris dan komite audit yang dinilai menggunakan checklist scoring. Komponen yang dinilai terdiri atas segi independensi, aktivitas, ukuran, dan kompetensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan peringkat surat utang yang dikeluarkan PT Pefindo sebagai lembaga pemeringkat. Berdasarkan sampel perusahaan tahun 2010-2015 sebanyak 130 observasi, hasil pengujian dari model ordererd logit menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif signifikan peringkat surat utang dengan tata kelola perusahaan.

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This research examined the effect of corporate governance mechanism on the firms bond rating in Indonesia, specifically on banking and financial industries. The corporate governance viewed in terms of board of commissioners and audit committee's effectiveness then assessment based on questions checklist scoring. Scoring components consisted of independence, activity, size, and competence.

This study used bond rating issued by PT Pefindo as a rating agency. Based on sample of 130 firm-year during 2010-2015, the results of ordered logit model showed strong evidence for a positive relationship between bond rating and corporate governance."

"Karena meningkatnya jumlah perubahan dan ketidakpastian, perusahaan perlu memiliki fleksibilitas keuangan untuk menjaga keberlanjutan kinerja keuangan mereka dalam jangka panjang. Investor dan pemberi pinjaman perusahaan semakin melihat bahwa ESG merupakan aspek penting untuk diterapkan dan diungkapkan yang dapat menentukan keputusan investasi atau pinjaman mereka. Keputusan ini dapat berdampak pada arus modal masuk dan kemampuan pembiayaan kepada perusahaan yang dapat mempengaruhi fleksibilitas keuangan perusahaan. Implementasi ESG dan pengungkapannya di Indonesia sangat terbatas dan baru mulai didorong oleh regulator pada tahun 2017. Sedikit penelitian yang membahas apakah ESG mempengaruhi kendala keuangan dan fleksibilitas keuangan di Indonesia. Menurut teori keagenan, teori pemangku kepentingan, dan teori persinyalan, memiliki kinerja ESG yang baik dapat membangun hubungan pemangku kepentingan yang erat, mengoptimalkan pengambilan keputusan perusahaan, mengelola risiko, dan meningkatkan profitabilitas, dan selanjutnya dapat meningkatkan kepemilikan kas, utang, dan fleksibilitas pembiayaan ekuitas. Studi ini menunjukkan pengaruh ESG terhadap fleksibilitas keuangan dan peran mediasi kendala keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2015 hingga 2021 sebagai sampel untuk menguji mekanisme yang mempengaruhi kinerja ESG terhadap fleksibilitas keuangan. Analisis jalur dan tes sobel digunakan untuk menguji peran mediasi kendala keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ESG secara signifikan meningkatkan fleksibilitas keuangan. Hasil uji analisis Path dan uji sobel menunjukkan bahwa kendala pembiayaan memediasi kinerja ESG dan fleksibilitas keuangan perusahaan tetapi pada tingkat yang lebih rendah daripada hubungan langsung. Penelitian ini memiliki arti penting bagi perusahaan, investor, dan kreditur untuk mengevaluasi kinerja ESG dan pemerintah untuk merumuskan kebijakan yang relevan.

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Due to the increasing number of changes and uncertainties, companies need to have financial flexibility to preserve the sustainability of their financial performance over the long term. Company’s investors and lenders are increasingly seeing that ESG is an important aspect to implement and disclose that can determine their investment or lending decision. This decision can impact the capital inflow and financing capability of the firm, which can affect the company's financial flexibility. The implementation of ESG and its disclosure in Indonesia is limited and only started to be pushed by regulators in 2017. Little research has addressed whether ESG affects financial constraints and financial flexibility in Indonesia. This study aims to show the effect of ESG on financial flexibility and the mediating role of financial constraints. We used companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2021 as a sample to test the mechanisms that affect ESG performance on financial flexibility. Path analysis and Sobel test are used to test the mediating role of financial constraint. The results revealed a notable positive influence of ESG performance on financial flexibility. However, both the path analysis and Sobel test findings indicated that financing constraints were not successful in mediating the relationship between a company's ESG performance and financial flexibility, as the direct effect remained stronger. The findings carry significant implications for various stakeholders, including corporate executives, government entities, investors, and creditors."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh intellectual capital dan corporate governance terhadap kinerja perbankan di Indonesia. Intellectual capital diukur dengan menggunakan metode Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC), sedangkan corporate governance diukur dengan menggunakan nilai komposit self-assessment corporate governance perbankan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa VACA dan VAHU berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perbankan di Indonesia, yang diproksikan oleh ROA dan ROE. Tetapi, corporate governance tidak terbukti memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja perbankan di Indonesia. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga melakukan pengujian untuk masing-masing jenis perbankan, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa VACA perbankan syariah terbukti berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap ROE perbankan.

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This study is aimed to investigate the impact of intellectual capital and corporate governance on bank’s financial performance in Indonesia. Intellectual capital is measured by Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) method, while corporate governance is measured by corporate governance composit value of Banks.

The result indicates VACA and VAHU have influence on bank's performance in Indonesia which proxied by ROE and ROA. However, corporate governance has not significant influence on Banks’s performance. Furthermore, this study examined for each bank’s type, the result shows VACA’s sharia banks proved to be a greater impact on bank's ROE."

"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh struktur Good Corporate Governance dan kinerja terhadap risiko kredit pada Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia (2007-2011) dengan 190 observasi. Good Corporate Governance diproksikan oleh konsentrasi struktur kepemilikan, efektifitas dewan komisaris dan efektifitas komite audit, kinerja diukur menggunakan CAMELS (CAR, KAP, NIM, LDR), dan risiko kredit diukur menggunakan LLP. Untuk menguji pengaruh antar variabel digunakan metode Pooled Least Squared (PLS). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, konsentrasi struktur kepemilikan, efektifitas komite audit, CAR berpengaruh negatif, sedangkan efektifitas dewan komisaris, KAP, NIM, LDR berpengaruh positif terhadap risiko kredit. Pada pengujian kinerja, konsentrasi struktur kepemilikan berpengaruh positif kecuali terhadap kinerja NIM berpengaruh negatif, efektifitas dewan komisaris berpengaruh positif kecuali terhadap kinerja LDR berpengaruh negatif sedangkan efektifitas komite audit berpengaruh negatif kecuali terhadap kinerja NIM berpengaruh positif.

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The aim of this research is to examine the influence of the structure of Good Corporate Governance and performance to the Credit Risk of Conventional Banks in Indonesia (2007-2011) with 190 observations. Good Corporate Governance is measured by the concentration of ownership structure, the effectiveness of board of commissioners, and the effectiveness of audit committee, performance is measured using the CAMELS (CAR, KAP, NIM, LDR), and the credit risk measured by LLP. Pooled Least Square (PLS) method was used to test the relationship between those variables. The result show that the concentration of ownership structure, the effectiveness of audit committee, CAR are negatively related, however, the effectiveness of board of commissioners, KAP, ROA, LDR are postively related with credit risk. On the performance testing, the concentration of ownership structure is positively related except on NIM have negatively related, the effectiveness of the board is positively related except on LDR have negative relationship, however, the effectiveness of the audit committee is negatively related except on NIM have positive relationship."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara corporate governance, profil risiko dan modal (CAR) terhadap kinerja (ROA) perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2012-2013 dengan skor yang terdapat pada Peraturan Bank Indonesia No. 13/1/PBI/2011 mengenai Risk Based Bank Rating. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi dengan sampel sebanyak 56 bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode 2012- 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan net interest margin (NIM) dan total asset sebagai variabel kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan adanya hubungan yang positif profil risiko dan modal (CAR) terhadap kinerja bank (ROA) dan hubungan yang negatif corporate governance terhadap kinerja bank (ROA).

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The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of corporate governance, risk profile and capital (ROA) on the bank financial performance listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2012-2013 using the standard score based on Bank Indonesian?s regulation No. 13/1/PBI/2011 about Risk Based Bank Rating. This research uses the regression statistics model with the sample amount of 56 banks listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2012-2013. This research also uses net interest margin (NIM) and total asset as control variables. The result of this research shows that there are positive effect among risk profile and capital (CAR) variable on bank performance (ROA) also negative effect for corporate governance variable on bank performance (ROA)."

"Penelitian ini menginvestigasi efek dari mekanisme corporate governance terhadap rating sukuk. Proksi dari mekanisme corporate governance adalah blockholders, kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan insider, kualitas audit, komite audit, jumlah dewan komisaris dan persentase dewan komisaris independen. Proksi tersebut merupakan variable independen dimana variable dependen nya merupakan rating sukuk. Model ordered logistic regression (logit) digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis. Sampel penelitian adalah sukuk yang dikeluarkan perusahaan pada periode 2005 - 2012, dan data diambil dari Bursa Efek Indonesia dan PT Pefindo. Hasil penelitian empiris menemukan bahwa komite audit mempengaruhi secara signifikan pada rating sukuk perusahaan. Untuk meningkatkan rating dari sukuk, penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa keberadaan dari komite audit menjadi perhatian serius bagi perusahaan yang mengeluarkan sukuk dalam meningkat kan rating sukuk

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This study investigated the effect of corporate governance mechanism to sukuk ratings. The proxies of corporate governance are blockholders, institutional ownership, insider ownership, quality of audit external, audit committees, number of commissioner, and percentage of independent commissioners. Those proxies are independent variables, and the dependent variables are sukuk rating. Ordered Logistic regression (logit) is used to examine the hipothesis. The samples are sukuk that issued on period 2005-2012, and data are collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and PT Pefindo.

The results of empirical studies have found that the audit committee as an indicator of corporate governance mechanisms affect the rating of corporate sukuk significantly. To be able to increase the rating of the sukuk is the study recommends that the existence of audit committees must be a serious concern for companies that issue a sukuk in improving the rating of the sukuk."