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"Throughout Western society there are now strong pressures for social and racial integration but, in spite of these, recent experience has shown that greater intergroup contact can actually reinforce social distinctions and ethnic stereotypes. The studies collected here examine, from a broad sociological perspective, the sorts of face-to-face verbal exchange that are characteristic of industrial societies, and the volume as a whole pointedly demonstrates the role played by communicative phenomena in establishing and reinforcing social identity. The method of analysis that has been adopted enables the authors to reveal and examine a centrally important but hitherto little discussed conversational mechanism: the subconscious processes of inference that result from situational factors, social presuppositions and discourse conventions. The theory of conversation and the method of analysis that inform the author's approach are discussed in the first two chapters, and the case studies themselves examine interviews, counselling sessions and similar formal exchanges involving contacts between a wide range of different speakers: South Asians, West Indians and native English speakers in Britain; English natives and Chinese in South-East Asia; Afro-Americans, Asians and native English speakers in the United States; and English and French speakers in Canada. The volume will be of importance to linguists, anthropologists, psychologists, and others with a professional interest in communication, and its findings will have far-reaching applications in industrial and community relations and in educational practice."

"Tesis ini mencoba melakukan penelitian terhadap pengelolaan keuangan publik pada masa pemerintahan Umar bin Abdul Aziz sehingga berhasil mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi rakyat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi sejarah, data yang digunakan adalah data dokumen dengan data utama berasal dari tiga buku biografi Umar bin Abdul Aziz yang masing-masing ditulis oleh Muhammad bin Abdul Hakam, Ibnu Jauzi dan Imadudin Khalil.Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Umar bin Abdul Aziz menjadikan kesesuaian dengan syari'at dan pola hidup sederhana sebagai dasar filosofi tata kelola pemerintahannya, termasuk di dalamnya keuangan publik. Sedangkan kebijakan pengelolaan keuangan publik yang diambil oleh Umar bin Abdul Aziz adalah mengembalikan zakat sebagai sumber utama pendapatan negara, optimalissi kharaj, menetapkan beban jizyah yang relatif tinggi, memberantas korupsi dan nepotisme, dan gerakan penghemtan dan efisiensi. Dalam menetapkan belanja publik, Umar bin Abdul Aziz menjadikan kesejahteraan rakyat sebagai prioritas uama, selaras dengan salah satu tujuan syari'at yaitu mewujudkan kesejahteraan bagi umat manusia. Dari analisis yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa kebijakan pengelolaan keuangan publik Umar bin Abdul Aziz relevan untuk diterapkan pada masa kekinian, sehingga kesejahteraan rakyat bisa terwujud.

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This thesis tries to make a research toward public finance management era Umar Bin Abdul Aziz so as to prosper the society. The thesis uses a qualitative method by historical study approach. The data being used are documentary data with primary data mainly deriving from three Umar Bin Abdul Aziz biographycal books which were written by Muhammad bin Abdul Hakam, Ibnu Jauzi and Imadudin Khalil consecutively.From the research, it is known that Umar Bin Abdul Aziz makes use of shariah and austerity as philosophical basis of its goverment management, including public finance. As for Public Finance decision being taken by Umar Bin Abdul Aziz is to put zakah back as primary source of government?s income, optimize kharaj, decide high level of jizyah, fight against corruption and nepotism, and socialize simplicity and efficiency. In setting government expenditure, Umar Bin Abdul Aziz puts social prosperity as top priority, and accordance with one shariah objectives that is to accomplish prosperity for human beings. From the analysis done, it is identified that Umar Bin Abdul Aziz public finance management decision is relevant to be implemented to the present condition, so that social prosperity can be attained."

"This book describes the Qur’an is the word of God, the Hadith, fiqh, shari'a, sufism, and the dissidents of the community."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat apakah ada perbedaan identity fusion ke Islam dan identity fusion ke Indonesia pada relawan yang beragama Islam dan bekewarganegaraan Indonesia. Pengukuran identity fusion menggunkan skala yang dikembangkan oleh Swan et al (2009) yang dikembangkan menjadi 39 item dari semula hanya 13 item. Alat ukur ini menggunakan skala bipolar, pengembangan dari skala semantic differential, dengan Islam dan Indonesia di masing-masing kutub. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 96 orang relawan Islam yang menyebar di berbagai kota di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara identity fusion ke Islam dan identity fusion ke Indonesia dengan signifikansi 0,000 yang berarti lebih kecil dari nilai signifikansi 0,05. Selain itu juga ditemukan bahwa mean skor identity fusion ke Islam lebih besar dibandingkan identity fusion ke Indonesia.

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This research was conducted to see if there is a difference between identity fusion to Islam and identity fusion to Indonesia on volunteers who has Indonesian citizenship identity dan Islam identity. Measurement of identity fusion either using a scale developed by Swan et al (2009) which developed into 39 items from originally only 13 items. These measuring instrument using a bipolar scale, development of semantic differential scale, with Islam and Indonesia at each pole. Participants in this research were 96 volunteers that spreads in various cities in Indonesia. The results of this research shows that difference between identity fusion to Islam and identity fusion to Indonesia with significance value of 0.000 which means smaller than significance value of 0.05. Besides that, mean score identity fusion to Islam is larger than identity fusion to Indonesia."