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"Kawasan reklamasi mangrove Muara Angke Kapuk merupakan kawasan reklamasi yang tidak lepas dari imbas pencemaran sampah dan limbah di sekitar Cengkareng, Jakarta. Hal tersebut terlihat dari hampir seluruh sedimen yang berada di bawah pohon mangrove tertutup oleh timbunan plastik. Meski demikian, kawasan reklamasi ini masih memiliki beragam biota, sehingga diduga lingkungan ini masih memiliki daya dukung internal, terutama nutrien dari sedimen. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji kondisi nutrien pada sedimen kawasan reklamasi mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel air poros menggunakan modifikasi cawan bertingkat pada kedalaman sedimen 0-15 cm dengan interval kedalaman 2,5 cm, serta sampel sedimen dengan menggunakan ring tanah. Sampel air poros diukur Dissolve Oxygen (DO) dan konsentrasi amoniak, nitrit, nitrat, dan fosfat. Sampel sedimen digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai porositas. Data yang diperoleh digunakan dalam pembuatan profil konsentrasi secara vertikal, analisis fluks nutrien vertikal. Analis is fluks nutrien secara vertikal dilakukan dengan bantuan software QUAL2K version 2.11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi vertikal dan fluks nutrien yang berbeda-beda, di mana amoniak dan fosfat mengalami influx dan peningkatan seiring dengan bertambahnya kedalaman sedimen, sedangkan nitrat mengalami efflux dan penurunan konsentrasi. Penghitungan fluks nitrit yang merupakan nutrien peralihan tidak dilakukan, namun konsentrasinya mengalami penurunan setelah kedalaman 2,5 cm. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa tingginya pencemaran di permukaan tidak menghalangi proses kimia alami sehingga kawasan reklamasi tersebut masih dapat memberi dukungan nutrisi bagi biota.

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The reclaimed mangrove estuary in Muara Angke Kapuk is a reclaimed area that has not evaded the impacted of pollution and waste in the areas surrounding Cengkareng, Jakarta. This is apparent from the fact that almost all sediments under the mangrove trees are buried under heaps of plastic trash. However, the reclaimed region still has variety of organism, which indicating that the region still has an internal carrying capacity, especially nutrients from sediment. The purpose of this research was to examine the condition of sediment nutrients in this mangrove reclamation region. The research was conducted by taking water samples using a modification of the stratified cup at a sediment depth of 0-15 cm with depth intervals of 2.5 cm, and taking sediment samples using the sediment ring. Pore water samples were measured for dissolved oxygen (DO) and concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate. Sediment samples were used to obtain porosity values. The data obtained is used to make vertical concentration profiles and analysis of vertical nutrient flux. Vertical nutrient flux analysis was performed with the aid of QUAL2K software version 2.11. The results showed different vertical distributions and flux of nutrients, where influx for ammonia and phosphate and an increase inline with increasing sediment depth, while nitrate efflux and a decreased concentration. The flux calculation of nitrite as transitory nutrient was not done, but the concentration decreased after a depth of 2.5 cm. This indicates that the high contamination on the surface does not prevent the natural chemical processes so the reclaimed region can still provide nutritional support for its organism."

"Sebagai ekosistem peralihan antara wilayah darat dan laut, pengelolaan mangrove harus dilakukan secara terpadu dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan dan melalui berbagai pendekatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif melalui studi kepustakaan. Peneliti turut melakukan wawancara dengan sejumlah narasumber untuk sebagai data pendukung. Terdapat dua permasalahan yang akan dibahas di dalam penelitian ini, yaitu mengenai kelembagaan dan tata kelola hutan mangrove di Indonesia serta penerapan pengelolaan mangrove di Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke (SM Muara Angke) dan Taman Wisata Angke Kapuk (TWA Angke Kapuk) sebagai bagian dari Kawasan Hutan Mangrove Angke Kapuk. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mangrove memiliki berbagai macam fungsi dan manfaat. Akan tetapi, pengelolaan terhadap mangrove di Indonesia belum dilaksanakan secara terpadu. Kemudian, dalam pengelolaan mangrove di kawasan SM Muara Angke dan TWA Angke Kapuk ditemui beberapa kendala, seperti keterbatasan anggaran, sarana prasarana, dan sumber daya manusia, kurangnya koordinasi antar para pihak, permasalahan batas kawasan, rendahnya keterlibatan masyarakat, serta kegiatan masyarakat di sekitar kawasan.

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As mangroves are an ecosystem at the interface between land and sea, their management involves various stakeholders as well as various approaches. Therefore, an integrated management of mangroves is required to protect and preserve them. This normative juridical research study uses materials derived from literature. The researcher also conducted several interviews to obtain supporting data. There are two questions that will be discussed in this study, namely the authority and management of mangrove forest in Indonesia, and the implementation of mangrove management in Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve and the Angke Kapuk Nature Recreation Park, which are part of the Angke Kapuk Mangrove Forest. The results show that mangroves have important functions and uses. However, the management of mangroves in Indonesia has not been yet integrated. The implementation of mangrove management in both the Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve and the Angke Kapuk Nature Recreation Park has faced several obstacles, such as limited budget, infrastructure, and facilities as well as lack of personnel and coordination, boundary issues, limited engagement from the local community, and human activities."

"Penelitian tentang struktur komunitas makrozoobentos dalam ekosistem mangrove telah dilakukan di Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang, Jawa Barat pada Mei 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan struktur komunitas makrozoobentos seperti komposisi, kepadatan, keanekaragaman, kerataan, kerataan, dominansi, dan frekuensi kehadiran. . Tujuan lain adalah untuk menentukan hubungan antara kepadatan bakau dengan kepadatan dan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos di daerah tersebut. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan purposive sampling dan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat di tiga stasiun, yaitu Desa Muara Baru, Desa Tangkolak Barat, dan Desa Tangkolak Timur. Studi ini menemukan 16 jenis makrozoobentos dan 7 jenis bakau dengan kepadatan yang sangat padat (0,23-0,32 ind / m2). Kepadatan makrozoobentos tertinggi di Desa Tangkolak Barat (8 ind / m2) dan terendah di Desa Muara Baru (2 ind / m2). Keragaman makrozoobentos tergolong tinggi di Desa Tangkolak Barat dengan indeks 1,58 dan Desa Tangkolak Timur dengan indeks 2,05, sedangkan keragaman tergolong rendah di Desa Muara Baru dengan indeks 0,28. Distribusi makrozoobentos diklasifikasikan hampir terdistribusi secara merata di Desa Tangkolak Barat dan Desa Tangkolak Timur dengan indeks kegagangan masing-masing 0,88 dan 0,85, sementara itu didistribusikan secara merata di Desa Muara Baru dengan indeks kegagahan 0,59. Data menunjukkan tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi di Desa Tangkolak Barat dan Desa Tangkolak Timur, kecuali di Desa Muara Baru. Episesarma palawanense adalah macrozoobenthos yang memiliki frekuensi kehadiran tertinggi di Desa Muara Baru dengan frekuensi 27,7%. Parameter lingkungan termasuk suhu, pH, dan salinitas dianggap sebagai kategori normal untuk makrozoobentos dan kehidupan bakau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan bakau berhubungan dengan kepadatan dan keanekaragaman makrozoobentos.

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Research on the structure of macrozoobenthos communities in mangrove ecosystems has been conducted in Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang, West Java in May 2019. This study aims to determine the structure of macrozoobenthos community such as composition, density, diversity, flatness, flatness, dominance, and frequency of attendance. . Another goal is to determine the relationship between mangrove density and the density and diversity of macrozoobenthos in the area. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling and using the quadratic transect method at three stations, namely Muara Baru Village, West Tangkolak Village, and East Tangkolak Village. This study found 16 types of macrozoobenthos and 7 types of mangrove with very dense density (0.23-0.32 ind / m2). The highest density of macrozoobenthos is in West Tangkolak Village (8 ind / m2) and the lowest in Muara Baru Village (2 ind / m2). The diversity of macrozoobenthos is relatively high in the village of West Tangkolak with an index of 1.58 and the village of East Tangkolak with an index of 2.05, while the diversity is relatively low in the village of Muara Baru with an index of 0.28. The distribution of macrozoobenthos is classified almost evenly in the Village of West Tangkolak and the Village of East Tangkolak with a trade index of 0.88 and 0.85 respectively, while it is distributed equally in the Muara Baru Village with a pride index of 0.59. Data shows that there are no species that dominate in the villages of West Tangkolak and East Tangkolak, except in Muara Baru Village. Palawanense Episesarma is macrozoobenthos which has the highest attendance frequency in Muara Baru Village with a frequency of 27.7%. Environmental parameters including temperature, pH, and salinity are considered normal categories for macrozoobenthos and mangrove life. The results showed that mangrove density was related to macrozoobenthos density and diversity."

"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian di Kawasan mangrove Muara Angke untuk menyeleksi spesies burung yang dapat dijadikan spesies indikator dengan menggunakan metode Indicator Value pada bulan September sampai dengan Desember tahun 2018. Kawasan mangrove Muara Angke merupakan salah satu kawasan hutan mangrove di Indonesia yang awalnya memiliki luas 1200 ha pada tahun 1960, namun kebijakan pemerintah yang mengalihfungsikan hutan mangrove menjadi pemukiman warga dan tambak menyebabkan luas kawasan tersebut berkurang menjadi 326 ha. Kawasan mangrove tersebut memiliki peranan penting bagi burung, yaitu sebagai feeding ground, nesting ground dan nursery ground berbagai jenis burung. Penelitian dilakukan di Hutan Lindung, Arboretum Mangrove dan Taman Wisata Alam Muara Angke serta bertujuan untuk mengkaji burung sebagai bioindikator dan mengetahui korelasi antara nilai Indicator Value dengan struktur habitat ketiga lokasi tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan 35 spesies burung di ketiga lokasi tersebut. Indicator Value digunakan untuk untuk mengetahui bagaimana kelimpahan berbagai macam spesies dapat dijadikan indikator untuk mengetahui kualitas suatu lingkungan. Lima spesies dengan nilai Indicator Value tertinggi ialah bondol jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides), madu sriganti (Cinnyris jugularis), remetuk laut (Gerygone sulphurea), cangak abu (Ardea cinerea), dan cangak merah (Ardea purpurea). Analisis korelasi Rank Spearman dilakukan antara nilai kelimpahan jenis gereja erasia (Passer montanus), bondol jawa (Lonchura leucogastroides) dan remetuk laut (Gerygone sulphurea) dengan data struktur habitat, yaitu tutupan kanopi, spesies pohon yang mendominasi, desibel suara dan tutupan sampah. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa gereja erasia memiliki korelasi negatif dan signifikan terhadap tutupan sampah.

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ABSTRACTResearch has been carried out on September to December 2018 in Muara Angke mangrove area to selected birds as indicator species. Muara Angke mangrove area is one of the mangrove forest areas in Indonesia which initially had an area of 1200 ha in 1960, but the government policy that transferred the function of mangrove forests to residential settlements and ponds caused the area to decrease to 326 ha. The mangrove area has an important role for birds, as feeding grounds, nesting grounds and nursery grounds for variety of birds. The study was conducted in Hutan Lindung, Arboretum Mangrove dan Taman Wisata Alam Muara Angke and aimed to study birds as bioindicators and understand the correlation between the value of the Indicator Value and the habitat structure of the three locations. This study recorded a total of 35 bird species from all three locations. The indicator value was used to find out how the abundance of various species can be used as an indicator to determine the quality of an environment. Five species with the highest indicator value are Javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides), Olive-backed sunbird (Cinnyris jugularis), Golden-bellied gerigone (Gerygone sulphurea), Grey heron (Ardea cinerea), and Purple heron (Ardea purpurea). Analysis of Spearman Rank correlation was carried out between tree sparrow (Passer montanus), javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides) and golden-bellied gerigone (Gerygone sulphurea) species abundance with habitat structure data, such as canopy cover, tree species that dominated the sites, sound decibels and garbage cover. The results indicated that tree sparrow have negative but significant correlation with canopy cover"

"Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan yang terdiri atas 17.000 pulau dengan tingkat keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Hutan mangrove Indonesia merupakan 23% dari ekosistem mangrove dunia. Salah satu wilayah konservasi ekosistem mangrove terdapat pada Kawasan Mangrove Angke Kapuk, Kecamatan Penjaringan, Jakarta Utara. Kawasan ini merupakan satu-satunya kawasan hutan lindung di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Kawasan mangrove di Jakarta Utara terfragmentasi menjadi beberapa blok seperti pada Hutan Lindung Angke Kapuk (HLAK), Suaka Margasatwa Muara Angke (SMMA), Ekowisata Mangrove Tol Sedyatmo, Arboretum Mangrove, dan Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Angke Kapuk. Menanggapi meningkatnya tuntutan yang ditempatkan pada lanskap dan kesulitan dalam memenuhi tujuan keberlanjutan, wilayah ekologi lanskap masih terus berkembang. Sehingga, perlu integrasi peneliti pada ilmu pengetahuan ke dalam sistem pengelolaan skala lanskap dengan kerjasama yang efektif dan keterlibatan lokal, meningkatkan kapasitas lanskap untuk memberikan berbagai manfaat, komponen kunci dari ilmu pengetahuan keberlanjutan lanskap. Oleh sebab itu, perlu kajian spasial konektivitas lanskap sebagai bagian dari penilaian lanskap mangrove yang berkelanjutan di Kawasan Angke Kapuk, Jakarta Utara. Persamaan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode konektivitas lanskap. Dengan demikian, keterbaruan metode terdapat pada lanskap berkelanjutan berbasis sosial-ekonomi dan fisik pada konektivitas lanskap dengan biodiversitas mangrove. Karakteristik sebaran lanskap mangrove di Kawasan Angke Kapuk, Jakarta Utara umumnya adalah Avicennia, Nipah, Pidada, dan Rhizopora dengan kerapatan mulai dari rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Konektivitas lanskap mangrove di Kawasan Angke Kapuk, Jakarta Utara termasuk rendah pada SMMA dan Hutan Lindung serta sedang pada Ekowisata dan TWA Hal ini disebabkan mayoritas penggunaan lahan kawasan konservasi sebelumnya dari tambak sehingga tidak semua jenis mangrove dapat beradaptasi. Keberlanjutan lanskap wilayah mangrove di Kawasan Angke Kapuk, Jakarta Utara memiliki visi bersama yang setuju. Mayoritas responden sangat tidak setuju terkait berkurangnya mangrove.

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Indonesia is an archipelagic country consisting of 17,000 islands with a high level of biodiversity. Indonesia's mangrove forests constitute 23% of the world's mangrove ecosystems. One of the areas of the mangrove ecosystem is located in the Angke Kapuk Mangrove Area, Penjaringan District, North Jakarta. This area is the only protected forest area in DKI Jakarta Province. The mangrove area in North Jakarta is fragmented into several blocks, such as the Angke Kapuk Protection Forest (HLAK), Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve (SMMA), Sedyatmo Toll Mangrove Ecotourism, Mangrove Arboretum, and Angke Kapuk Natural Tourism Park (TWA). In response to the increasing tensions placed in the world and the difficulties in meeting the goals of cancellation, the landscape ecological area is still growing. Thus, it is necessary to integrate researchers in science into landscape-scale management systems with effective collaboration and local involvement, increasing the capacity of landscapes to provide multiple benefits, a key component of landscape sustainability science. Therefore, it is necessary to study the spatial connectivity of the landscape as part of a sustainable mangrove landscape assessment in the Angke Kapuk Area, North Jakarta. The method used in this research is the landscape connectivity method. Thus, the novelty of the method is in sustainable landscapes based on socio-economic and physical landscape connectivity with mangrove biodiversity. The distribution characteristics of the mangrove landscape in the Angke Kapuk Area, North Jakarta, are generally Avicennia, Nipah, Pidada, and Rhizophora with densities ranging from low, medium, and high. The connectivity of the mangrove landscape in the Angke Kapuk Area, North Jakarta, is low in SMMA and Protected Forest and moderate in Ecotourism and TWA. The sustainability of the landscape of the mangrove forest area in the Angke Kapuk Area, North Jakarta, has a shared vision that has been agreed upon. The majority of respondents strongly disagree regarding the reduction of mangroves."

"This study deals with the application of remote sensing in monitoring mangrove disappearance. 1981 color aerial photograph, 1985 numerical data Landsat, 1988 SPOT were used. Two types of mangroves could be identified both on the aerial photograph and on the SPOT data. The extent of mangrove in 1981 was measured manually, while those in 1985 and 1988 were obtained by multiplying the number of pixel and the spatial resolution of Landsat and SPOT. During 1981-1988, there were 852 hectares of mangrove in the study area which have been cut off. For mangrove reforestation purposes, two mangrove zonation are presented one is based on the salinity gradient, while the other is based on the Ciloto formula. It seems that the second zonation is quite good for the study area."

"ABSTRAKMangroves in Indonesia have a large enough area, but in the last 3 decades the area has been reduced to 40%. Besideshaving a function as a coastal protector, mangroves are also able to maintain the quality of the waters around it. Currently, the construction of a reclamation island in Jakarta Bay is being carried out which will have an impact on the surroundingmangrove forests. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the impact of island reclamation in Jakarta Bay onsedimentation and mangrove growth in surrounding area. This research was conducted with literature studies, vegetation analysis, water quality analysis and also spatial analysis with WorldView-2 satellite imagery. The results showed that the mangrove forests on the coast of North Jakarta, especially in the Muara Angke area tend to increase, especially in the reclaimed island area. The mangrove stands increase by approximately 1.32 ha / year. The density and stem diametersvary in 5 locations. Oxygen levels at the study site are very low but the existing mangrove forests can absorb dissolved heavy metals. The results of the study also show that the area that has the potential to be planted with mangroves is 30 ha. Overall, the sedimentation process helps expand mangrove forests naturally while the bad quality of water does not significantly affect the development of mangroves. On the contrary, the existing mangrove is able to keep the stability of the water quality in surrounding area."

"Mangrove di Indonesia mempunyai luasan yang cukup besar, akan tetapi dalam 3 dekade terakhir luasannya berkurang hingga 40%. Mangrove selain mempunyai fungsi sebagai pelindung pesisir pantai juga mampu menjaga kualitas perairan di sekitarnya. Saat ini, sedang dilaksanakan pembangunan pulau reklamasi di Teluk Jakarta dimana akan memberikan dampak terhadap hutan mangrove yang ada di sekitarnya. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak reklamasi pulau di Teluk Jakarta terhadap sedimentasi dan perkembangan mangrove disana. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi literatur, analisis vegetasi, analisis kualitas air dan juga analisis spasial dengan citra satelit WorldView-2. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hutan mangrove yang ada di pesisir Jakarta Utara khususnya di kawasanMuara Angke cenderung meningkat terutama di areal pulau reklamasi. Tegakan mangrove bertambah luas kira-kira 1,32ha/tahun. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan nilai kerapatan dan diameter batang yang berbeda-beda di 5 lokasi. Kadar oksigendi lokasi penelitian sangat rendah akan tetapi hutan mangrove yang ada mampu menyerap logam berat yang terlarut.Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa luas areal yang berpotensi untuk ditanami mangrove adalah 30 ha. Secarakeseluruhan, proses sedimentasi membantu perluasan hutan mangrove secara alami sedangkan kualitas air yang buruktidak terlalu berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan mangrove. Justru sebaliknya, mangrove eksisting mampu menjaga kualitas air di sekitarnya tetap stabil"

"Hutan mangrove Blanakan memiliki daya tarik wisata seperti memiliki jenis mangrove dan fauna yang beranekaragam, tempat pelelangan ikan terpadu, penangkaran buaya, upacara Nadran dan Sisingaan. Berdasarkan data kunjungan wisatawan, jumlah wisatawan dari tahun ketahun mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dikhawatirkan akan menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, daya dukung fisik kawasan wisata seperti membatasi jumlah maksimal pengunjung yang datang perlu diperhitungkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi kawasan ekowisata berdasarkan aspek biofisik, sosial, dan ekonomi; daya dukung fisik kawasan wisata; dan membuat strategi pengembangan ekowisata. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah mix method. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi biofisik ini ditinjau dari jenis-jenis mangrove yang didominasi oleh Avicennia marina, indeks keanekaragaman fauna mangrove masuk dalam kategori sedang, indeks vegetasi kerapatan mangrove lebat, kondisi amenitas yang masih harus diperbaiki, serta aksesibilitas yang kurang memadai dan perlu diperbaiki. Keberadaan kawasan ekowisata mangrove Blanakan menciptakan lapangan kerja baru untuk masyarakat Blanakan. Masyarakat banyak yang menggantungkan hidupnya di kawasan ekowisata ini dengan berperan sebagai penyedia jasa wisata, keamanan, kebersihan, penyelenggara budaya, dan penanaman mangrove. Indeks kepuasan pengunjung dalam kategori kurang puas. Berdasarkan analisis daya dukung fisik kawasan wisata, jumlah pengunjung yang datang belum melampaui batas daya dukung fisik kawasan wisata. Strategi pengembangan ekowisata adalah membuat program-program wisata, melibatkan masyarakat setempat di lokasi wisata, membuat dan memperbaiki sarana dan prasarana, memperbaiki aksesibilitas, mengadakan pembinaan dan pelatihan kepada masyarakat di bidang ekowisata, membuat tata tertib wisata.

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Blanakan mangrove forest has good tourist attractions such as having various types of mangroves and fauna, integrated fish auction sites, crocodile breeding, Nadran and Sisingaan ceremonies. Based on tourist visits data, the number of tourists from year to year has increased. This is feared to cause environmental damage. Therefore, to avoid further damage, efforts on limiting the physical carrying of tourist areas. This study aims to analyze the condition of the ecotourism area based on biophysical, social and economic aspects; physical carrying capacity of tourist areas and make a strategy for developing ecotourism. The method of the research is quantitative and qualitative methods. The result showed that the types of mangrove dominated by Avicennia marina, the index of mangrove fauna diversity was in the moderate category, vegetation induction of dense mangrove density, the facilities and infrastructures still had to be repaired, and inadequate accessibility and needed repairs. The existence of the Blanakan mangrove ecotourism area creates new jobs for the Blanakan community. Many people depend their lives on this ecotourism area by acting as a provider of tourism services, security, cleanliness, cultural organizers, and planting of mangroves. The visitor satisfaction index in the category was less satisfied. Based on the analysis of the physical carrying capacity of the tourist area, the number of visitors who come has not exceeded the physical carrying capacity of the tourist area. The strategy are make tourism programs, involve the local community in tourist sites, create and improve facilities and infrastructure, improve accessibility, provide guidance and training to the community in the field of ecotourism, make tourism rules."

"Mangrove memiliki peranan penting bagi ekosistem pesisir, salah satunya penyumbang stok karbon (blue carbon). Isu pemanasan global dapat di kurangi dengan fungsi mangrove dalam penyimpanan karbon dan Kota Surabaya memiliki mangrove yang cukup luas di wilayah pesisir nya. Tetapi ancaman degradasi lahan mangrove di Kota Surabaya diakibatkan oleh aktivitas pembangunan, hal tersebut berkaitan dengan penurunan fungsi mangrove sebagai penyimpan karbon. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memetakan tutupan lahan dan persebaran stok karbon serta perubahannnya pada tahun 2015 – 2022 di Pesisir Timur Kota Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan citra Sentinel 2 tahun 2015 & 2022. Dalam mengestimasi persebaran dan nilai stok karbon mangrove, analisa dilakukan dengan pendekatan indeks vegetasi yang melalui uji statistik untuk mendapatkan model persebaran. Penghitungan biomassa mangrove lapangan dilakukan dengan cara Non-Destruktif dan menggunakan persamaan alometrik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IPVI sebagai indeks vegetasi yang lebih akurat dibanding TVI dan mRE-SR, dengan nilai korelasi R2 = 0,8072 dan nilai stok karbon mangrove rata rata mengalami pertambahan dari tahun 2015 – 2022 sebesar 50 – 100 kg/piksel. Pertambahan nilai stok karbon mangrove cenderung pada wilayah yang berubah tutupan lahan menjadi mangrove dan kerapatan yang semakin tinggi, sedangkan penurunan nilai stok karbon terjadi pada wilayah yang terjadi degradasi lahan mangrove dan terserang hama.

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Mangroves have an important role for coastal ecosystems, one of which is a contributor to carbon stocks (blue carbon). The issue of global warming can be reduced by the function of mangroves in carbon storage and the City of Surabaya has quite extensive mangroves in its coastal areas. But the threat of degradation of mangrove land in the city of Surabaya is caused by development activities, this is related to the decline in the function of mangroves as a carbon store. The purpose of this research is to map land cover and the distribution of carbon stocks and their changes in 2015 – 2022 in the East Coast of Surabaya City. This study used Sentinel 2 imagery for 2015 & 2022. In estimating the distribution and value of mangrove carbon stocks, the analysis was carried out using the vegetation index approach through statistical tests to obtain a distribution model. Calculation of field mangrove biomass was carried out in a non-destructive manner and using allometric equations. The results showed that IPVI as a vegetation index is more accurate than TVI and mRE-SR, with a correlation value of R2 = 0.8072 and the average mangrove carbon stock value has increased from 2015 – 2022 by 50 – 100 kg/pixel. The increase in the value of mangrove carbon stocks tends to be in areas where land cover has changed to mangroves and the density is getting higher, while the decrease in the value of carbon stocks occurs in areas where mangrove land degradation has occurred and pest attacks."