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"Latar Belakang: Pekerjaan aktivitas fisik rendah (sedentary work) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin. Pada pekerja dengan aktivitas fisik rendah cenderung terjadi stasis urin dan mengakibatkan pengendapan substansi yang terlarut di dalamnya. Hal ini bila dibiarkan terus menerus akan mengakibatkan terjadinya kristal pada urin, termasuk diantaranya adalah kristal kalsium oksalat. Metode: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi kristal kalsium oksalat urin pada pegawai kantor X serta mengetahui hubungan pekerjaan aktivitas fisik rendah (sedentary work) dengan terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan analisa kasus kontrol. Dilakukan pengumpulan data selama bulan Juni 2005 yang meliputi karakteristik responden serta faktor risiko dengan wawancara serta pemeriksaan urinalisa. Juga dilakukan pengisian tabel uraian aktivitas kerja masing-masing satu orang pada pegawai golongan sedentary dan non sedentary untuk mendapatkan gambaran pekerjaan. Hasil: Dari 261 responden, didapatkan prevalensi kristal kalsium oksalat urin sebesar 41%. Faktor aktivitas kerja rendah (sedentary work) meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin dibandingkan dengan non sedentary (OR= 7,06; 95% CI 3,33; 14,99). Kebiasaan makan sedang oksalat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin (OR 21,41; 95% CI 3,85; 118,95) dibandingkan dengan rendah oksalat. Kebiasaan kurang minum air putih akan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat (OR 3,94; 95% CI 1,86;8,36) dibandingkan dengan cukup minum air putih. Kesimpulan: Pekerjaan aktivitas fisik rendah (sedentary work), kebiasaan makan sedang oksalat dan kurang minum air putih meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin, sehingga dianjurkan pada pekerja golongan sedentary worker untuk mengurangi konsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung oksalat dan minum air putih yang cukup.

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Background: Work with low activity (sedentary work) representing one of the risk factors for calcium oxalate crystals in the urine. At sedentary worker tend to happened urine static and result precipitation of dissolve substance in it. This matter when let continuously will result urine crystal, inclusive calcium oxalate crystals.

Methode: The research intention was to know prevalence of calcium oxalate crystal in the urine among office X’s employees, and also to know the correlation between low activity work with the calcium oxalate crystals in the urine. The research design was cross sectional with case control analysis. Data was collected during June 2005 including responden characteristics and also the risk factors with interview and urinalisa test. Its also done admission filling of work activity table each one employee of sedentary and non sedentary.

Result: From 261 respondens, got prevalence of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine equal to 41%. Low activity work (sedentary work) increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystals in the urine compared to non sedentary (OR 7,06; 95% CI 3,33; 14,99). Eat habit with medium oxalate increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystals in the urine compared to lower oxalate habit (OR 21,41; 95% CI 3,85; 118,95). Less drink water habit increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystals in the urine compared to enough drink water habit (OR 3,94; 95% CI 1,86;8,36).

Conclusion: Sedentary work, eat habit with medium oxalate and less drink water habit have proven increased the risk of calcium oxalate crystals in the urine. Therefore it is recommended for sedentary worker to reduce high oxalate food in diet and drink enough water."

"Latar Belakang : Pekerjaan aktivitas rendah (sedentary work) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin. Pada pekerja dengan aktivitas rendah cenderung terjadi stasis urin dan mengakibatkan pengendapan substansi yang terlarut di dalamnya. Hal ini bila dibiarkan terus menerus akan mengakibatkan terjadinya kristal pada urin, termasuk diantaranya adalah kristal kalsium oksalat.Metode : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi kristal kalsium oksalat urin pada pegawai kantor X serta mengetahui hubungan pekerjaan aktivitas rendah (sedentary work) dengan terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan analisa kasus kontrol. Dilakukan pengumpulan data selama bulan Juni 2005 yang meliputi karakteristik responden serta faktor risiko dengan wawancara serta pemeriksaan urinalisa. Juga dilakukan pengisian label uraian aktivitas kerja masing-masing satu orang pada pegawai golongan sedentary dan non sedentary untuk mendapatkan gambaran pekerjaan.Hasil : Dari 261 responden, didapatkan prevalensi kristal kalsium oksalat urin sebesar 41%. Faktor aktivitas kerja rendah (sedentary work) meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin dibandingkan dengan non sedentary (OR= 7,06; 95% CI 3,33;14,99). Kebiasaan makan sedang oksalat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin (OR 21,41; 95% CI 3,85;118,95) dibandingkan dengan rendah oksalat. Kebiasaan kurang minum air putih akan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat (OR 3,94; 95% CI 1,86;8,36) dibandingkan dengan cukup minum air putih.Kesimpulan : Aktivitas kerja rendah (sedentary work), kebiasaan makan sedang oksalat dan kurang minum air putih meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kristal kalsium oksalat urin, sehingga dianjurkan pada pekerja golongan sedentary worker untuk mengurangi konsumsi makanan yang banyak mengandung oksalat dan minum air putih yang cukup.

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Background : Work with low activity (sedentary work) representing one of risk factor for calcium oxalate crystal in urine. At sedentary worker tend to happened urine static and result precipitation of dissolve substance in it. This matter when let continuously will result urine crystal inclusive calcium oxalate crystal.

Method : The research intention was to know prevalence of calcium oxalate crystal in urine among office X employee, and also to know relation of low activity work with the calcium oxalate crystal. The research design was cross sectional with case control analysis. Data was collected during June 2005 including respondents characteristic and also risk factor with interview and urinals lest, it?s also done admission filling of work activity table each one employee of sedentary and non sedentary.

Result : From 261 respondents got prevalence of calcium oxalate crystal in urine equal to 41%. Low activity work (sedentary work) increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystal in urine compared to non sedentary (OR 7,06; 95% (13,33; 14,99). Eat habit with medium oxalate increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystal in urine compared to lower oxalate habit (OR 21,41; 95% CI 3,85; 118,95). Less drink water habit increased risk of the happening calcium oxalate crystal in urine compared to enough drink water habit (OR 3,94: 95% CI 1,86,8,36).

Conclusion : Sedentary work, eat habit with medium oxalate and less drink water habit have proven increased the risk of calcium oxalate in urine. Therefore it is recommended for sedentary worker to reduce high oxalate food in diet and drink enough water."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang : Penggunaan konsentrasi kalsium dialisat ([Ca-D]) masih kontroversi. Di Indonesia masih digunakan [Ca-D] yang berbeda-beda antara 1,25 mmol/L ? 1,85 mmol/L. Studi DOPPS mendapatkan kegagalan dalam pencapaian kadar kalsium (Ca), fosfat (PO4), produk CaxP dan hormon paratiroid (HPT) sesuai yang ditargetkan K/DOQI dan semua penyebab risiko mortalitas secara signifikan berhubungan dengan tingginya [Ca]-D

Tujuan : Mengetahui perbedaan kadar Ca darah, PO4, HPT dan kalsifikasi vaskular pada penggunaan [Ca]-D tinggi dan rendah. Metode : Penelitian adalah studi potong lintang analitik dilakukan di Unit Hemodialisis Divisi Ginjal-Hipertensi RS Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jumlah subyek 46 orang. Dua puluh tiga pasien menggunakan [Ca]-D rendah (1,25 mmol/L) dan 23 pasien menggunakan [Ca]-D tinggi (1,85 mmol/L). Penelitian dilakukan Oktober 2013 ? Mei 2014. Analisis statistik dengan uji Mann Whitney dan uji Chi square. Menggunakan SPSS 20.0.Hasil : Sebanyak 46 pasien, terdiri dari 25 laki-laki dan 21 perempuan, dengan rerata usia 50,87 + 12,74 tahun. Lama HD 45,50 (6-168 bulan). Subyek penelitian yang mencapai target kontrol metabolisme sesuai panduan K/DOQI 2002 pada [Ca]-D rendah : Ca terkoreksi, PO4, produk Ca xPO4, dan HPT yang mencapai target sebanyak 8(34,8%), 10(43,5%), 15(65,2%) dan 2(8,7%) pasien. Pada [Ca]-D tinggi didapatkan 10(43,5%), 8(34,8%), 15(65,2%), 8(34,8%) pasien. Penelitian kami mendapatkan dengan [Ca]-D tinggi hasil lebih baik, hal ini tidak sama dengan hasil penelitian DOPPS. Berbeda dengan PO4 yang hasilnya lebih baik dengan [Ca]-D rendah, namun hasil kami juga lebih baik dari penelitian DOPPS. Hasil pada HPT lebih buruk pada [Ca]-D rendah dibandingkan DOPPS, hal ini mungkin disebabkan kami tidak menggunakan vitamin D untuk mengatasi hiperparatiroid sekundernya. Kalsifikasi vaskular dengan metode KAA pada [Ca]-D tinggi sebanyak 13(48,1%) sedangakan pada [Ca]-D rendah sebanyak 14(51,9%). Dengan metode KAAb pada [Ca]-D tinggi didapatkan kalsifikasi sebanyak 16(47,1%) dan pada [Ca]-D rendah didapatkan 18(52,9%) kalsifikasi. Simpulan : Terdapat perbedaan kadar Ca, PO4, produk Ca x PO4, HPT dan kalsifikasi vaskular, pada penggunaan [Ca]-D tinggi dan rendah, tetapi yang berbeda bermakna hanya Ca dan HPT.

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ABSTRACTBackground : The use of calcium dialysate is still controversial. In Indonesia, the dose for [Ca-D] still varies between 1,25 mmol/L ? 1,85 mmol/L. DOPPS study shows failure in achieving optimal calcium, phosphate as well as parathyroid hormone level in the blood as targetted by K/DOQI and is related to significantly increased mortality and is closely related with increased [Ca]-D.Aim : Evaluate the difference in Serum Ca, PO4, PTH levels and vascular calcification in concentrations of [Ca]-D high and low.Methods : This is a cross sectional study done in Hemodialysis unit in Nephrology Division of Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital. Total subject recruited was 46 patients, 23 patient using low concentration [Ca]-D (1.25 mmol/L) and 23 patients using high concentration [Ca]-D (1.85mmol/L). Research was conducted in October 2013 until May 2014. Analysis was performed using Mann Whitney test and Chi Square, statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0.Result : A total of 46 patients consisting of 25 men and 21 women, with mean age of 50,87 + 12,74 years. Mean length of Dialysis was 45,50 months (6-168 months). Subjects using low concentration [Ca]-D who reached target concentration according to K/DOQI consisted of : corrected Ca in 8 (34,8%) patients while in high concentration [Ca]-D consisted of 10(43,5%) patients, better than DOPPS study. In terms of phosphate levels, low concentration [Ca]-D achieved target PO4 level in 10(43,5%) patients while high concentration [Ca]-D achieved target in 8(34,8%) patients. Corrected Ca x PO4 target levels were obtained equally in both groups which was 15(65,2%) patients. Target PTH level was achieved in low concentrated [Ca]-D up to 2(8,7%) patients, very low may be caused we did not use vitamin D and 8(34,8%) patients in high concentrated [Ca]-D. Vascular calcification using KAA method showed incidence of 13(48,1%) in high concentrated [Ca]-D and 14(51,9%) in low concentrated [Ca]-D group. On the other hand, KAAb methods revealed calcification of 16(47,1%) in high concentrated [Ca]-D and 18(52,9%) calcification in low concentrated [Ca]-D.Conclusion : There is a difference in Ca, PO4, Ca X PO4 product serum level and vascular calcification in high and low [Ca]-D in both group however, statistically significant difference was found only in serum Ca and PTH levels."

"Gemuk bio overbased kalsium sulfonat kompleks dibuat dari minyak kelapa sawit terepoksidasi yang digunakan sebagai base oil dan overbased kalsium sulfonat kompleks sebagai thickening agent. Thickening agent yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kalsium sulfonat, kalsium karbonat, dan kalsium hidroksida sebagai sabun utama (overbased kalsium sulfonat) serta kalsium oleat terepoksidasi dan kalsium asetat (kalsium oleat-asetat) sebagai pengompleksnya. Perbandingan campuran kalsium sulfonat-karbonat-hidroksida sebagai overbased kalsium sulfonat dengan kalsium oleat terepoksidasi-asetat sebagai pengompleks yaitu 5% : 95% dan 50% : 50%. Gemuk ini dihasilkan dari proses saponifikasi yang menggunakan reactor batch tertutup, dilanjutkan dengan proses pendinginan, dan terakhir proses homogenisasi. Pengaruh variasi komposisi pengompleks sebagai thickener dapat dilihat dari pengujian karakteristik gemuk bio yang terdiri dari uji sifat fisik dan kimia seperti uji tampilan gemuk, uji mulur, uji penetrasi, dan uji dropping point, serta uji four ball untuk mengetahui performa dari gemuk. Hasil terbaik yang didapat pada perbandingan overbased kalsium sulfonat : kalsium oleat-asetat sebesar 5% : 95% yaitu gemuk dengan komposisi thickening agent 35% dengan rentang penarikan mulur 9.5 cm, tingkat konsistensi NLGI #2, nilai dropping point 250˚C, dan nilai keausan sebesar 0.2 mg. Untuk gemuk dengan perbandingan overbased kalsium sulfonat : kalsium oleat-asetat sebesar 50% : 50% yaitu gemuk dengan komposisi thickening agent 50% dengan rentang penarikan mulur 7 cm, tingkat konsistensi NLGI #2, nilai dropping point 269˚C, dan nilai keausan sebesar 0.3 mg.

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Overbased calcium sulfonate grease bio complex is made from palm oil epoxidized as a base oil and overbased calcium sulfonate complex as a thickening agent. Thickening agent used in this study is calcium sulfonate, calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide as a major soap (overbased calcium sulfonate) and epoxidized oleic calcium and acetate calcium (oleic-acetate calcium) as complexing. Comparison of a mixture of calcium sulfonate-carbonate-hydroxide as overbased calcium sulfonate with epoxidized oleic calcium-acetate calcium as complexing is 5% : 95% and 50% : 50%.

This grease is produced from the saponification process which uses a closed batch reactor, followed by a cooling process, and the final homogenization process. Effect of complexing composition variations as a thickener can be seen from the test characteristics of bio grease, consisting of physical and chemical properties test such as a test to see grease, creep testing, penetration testing, dropping point testing, and four ball test to determine the performance of the grease.

The best results were obtained in comparison overbased calcium sulfonate : oleic calcium-acetate at 5% : 95% are grease with thickening agent composition of 35% with a range of 9.5 cm, the level of consistency of NLGI # 2, the value of dropping point 250˚C, and value of wear 0.2 mg. For the grease by comparison overbased calcium sulfonate : oleic calcium-acetate at 50% : 50% are grease with thickening agent composition of 50% with a range of 7 cm, the level of consistency of NLGI # 2, the value of dropping point 269˚C, and anti-wear value is 0.3 mg."

"Bone mineral content at old age is dependent upon the peak bone mass achieved in youth and subsequent adult bone loss (Matkovic, 1992). Adequate calcium consumption during childhood is beneficial for the acquisition of peak bone mass and density. It is therefore, calcium has been considered to play important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (NIH, 1994), and osteoporosis has been described as a pediatric disease that manifests itself in old age (Lysen and Walker, 1997). If children fail to take in enough calcium, they are more likely to develop osteoporosis later in life (Insel et al., 2002). Nevertheless, calcium is one of the nutrients that most likely to be low or deficient in children's diets (Krause's, 2000). Recently, calcium has been suspected to have a positive effect in preventing some disorders, including diarrhea. Bovee et al., (2003) indicated that low calcium intake has been shown to impair host resistance to food-borne intestinal infections. Because of childhood morbidity and mortality due to infectious diarrhea is very high in developing countries, adequate dietary calcium intakes of the children will likely improve their bone as well as intestinal health (Bovee et al., 2003). Dairy products are always regarded as primary source of calcium. It is difficult to meet the RDA for calcium without milk or milk products (Krause, 1992). Unfortunately, the general Indonesian population does not commonly consume milk.

The results of 1997 national survey on households' food consumption pattern across provinces in Indonesia reveal that milk consumption was zero, or milk product was never consumed in the last three months at the time of survey (Sumarno at al., 1997). In line with the 1997 national survey, Ariani et al., (1997) reported that the level of milk consumption was lower than that of other animal products across the provinces in Indonesia, and in general, milk consumption of Indonesian population was below the standard of adequacy of milk consumption according to Widyakarya National Pangan dan Gizi 1998 (4.6 kg/cap/year). The above facts indicate that many Indonesians may consume calcium-deficient diet."

"ABSTRAKPada pembuatan gemuk bio ini digunakan Kalsium karbonat atau CaCO3 berukuran submikro-mikro sebagai aditif padat untuk meningkatkan sifat antiwear dari gemuk bio yang dihasilkan dengan NLGI #2. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengepoksidasian minyak sawit pada suhu 65 ˚C; sintesis gemuk bio yang meliputi proses pengadukan, pemanasan, dan saponifikasi pada suhu maksimum 165 ˚C; homogenisasi pada suhu 70 ˚C; serta pengujian karakteristik dan performa gemuk bio yang meliputi uji konsistensi, uji dropping point, serta four ball test untuk menguji sifat antiwear gemuk bio dengan kecepatan putaran sebesar 1150 rpm. Adapun variabel yang terdapat pada penelitian ini yaitu waktu dan suhu selama proses sebagai variabel control; komposisi aditif CaCO3 sebagai variabel bebas; ukuran partikel CaCO3, komposisi base oil, thickener agent, dan BHT serta hasil uji karakteristik sebagai variabel terikat. Hasil yang didapat yaitu gemuk bio NLGI #2 dengan dropping point pada suhu 301 ˚- 317 ˚C. Untuk hasil pengujian antiwear terbaik didapat pada gemuk bio dengan penambahan 3,5% CaCO3 submikro-mikro dengan pengurangan massa ball bearing sebesar 0,7 mg, sementara pada gemuk bio dengan 0% CaCO3 pengurangan tersebut sebesar 250 mg.

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ABSTRACTIn the making of this bio grease, calcium carbonate or CaCO3 in submicro-micro size is used as a solid additive to increase its antiwear properties. To start the research, the epoxidation of palm oil in 65 ˚C is done first; and then synthesizing of bio grease which consists of mixing, heating, and saponification with maximum temperature at 165 ˚C; homogenization in 70 ˚C; and characterization tests that includes the concistency test, dropping point test, and four ball test. The variable contained in this research are time and temperature as control variable; composition of CaCO3 as independent variable; CaCO3 particle size, composition of base oil, thickener agent, BHT, and the result of characterization test as dependent variable. To start the research, the epoxidation of palm oil is done first, and then synthesizing of bio grease, and characterization testing that includes the elasticity test, concistency test, dropping point test, and four ball test in 1150 rpm. The results of this research are, the bio grease has NLGI #2 with 301 ˚- 317 ˚C in dropping point test. For the antiwear test, the best result is possessed by bio grease with 3.5% of CaCO3 addition with reduction of mass ball bearing as much as 0.7 mg, meanwhile in bio grease with 0% of CaCO3 gave 250 mg reduction of mass ball bearing."

"ABSTRACTAsupan kalsium pada remaja berperan penting untuk memaksimalkan pertumbuhan massa tulang (peak bone mass). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor karakteristik individu (jenis kelamin dan pengetahuan gizi), pola makan (frekuensi konsumsi susu, frekuensi konsumsi sumber kalsium lainnya dan frekuensi konsumsi soft drink), aktivitas fisik dan sosial ekonomi ( uang saku, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu) dengan asupan kalsium pada siswa-siswi SMP Negeri 1 Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 160 siswa-siswi kelas 8 dan data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebesar 97,5% siswa mempunyai asupan kalsium kurang dan rata-rata asupan kalsium siswa adalah 364,83mg± 296,6 atau 30,4% dari AKG 2013. Aktivitas fisik dan pendidikan ayah memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan asupan kalsium. Disarankan untuk pihak sekolah dan Pemerintah Kota Depok melalui instansi terkait memberikan edukasi mengenai pentingnya asupan kalsium dan gizi seimbang serta mempromosikan untuk minum susu 2 kali setiap hari.

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ABSTRACTCalcium intake of adolescent has important roles in maximizing the growth of peak bone mass. Thus, this research aimed to determine the relation between the characteristics of individual factors (gender and nutrition knowledge), diet (frequency of milk consumption, frequency of consumption of other sources of calcium, and frequency of consumption of soft drinks), physical activity and socio-economic (pocket money, father's education, mother's education) with calcium intake of students in SMP Negeri 1 Depok (State Junior High School 1 of Depok City). This research used a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 160 students from class 8 and the data were analyzed by chi-square test. The results showed 97.5% of students had less calcium intake and the average calcium intake of students was 364,83mg± 296,6. Physical activity and father's education have significant association with calcium intake. Thus, it is recommended for the school and Depok City Government through relevant city agencies to provide education about the importance of calcium intake and balanced nutrition and promoted to drink milk two times in everyday."

"Masa-masa awal kehidupan adalah fase krusial dimana sedang terjadi proses pertumbuhan, dan ketika proses ini terganggu dapat terjadi gangguan pertumbuhan. Salah satu bentuk gangguan pertumbuhan adalah stunting. Proses pertumbuhan ini dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, dan salah satunya adalah asupan nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari korelasi antara asupan nutrisi yaitu kalsium dengan indikator tinggi badan terhadap usia (TB/U). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Data didapat dari data sekunder penelitian yang dilakukan pada tahun 2011 di beberapa RW di Jalan Kimia, Jakarta Pusat. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan pengukuran antropometri untuk tinggi badan dan food-frequency questionaire untuk pola asupan kalsium. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan uji spearman menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS versi 20. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan 15,7% subjek penelitian mengalami stunting, lebih dari 80% subjek penelitian memiliki asupan kalsium harian yang rendah, dan tidak ditemukan korelasi antara asupan kalsium dengan indikator TB/U.

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Childhood is a crucial phase of life where the process of growth is ongoing, and when this process is interrupted, the end result will be a growth disorder. Stunting is an example of such a condition. The process of growth is influenced by numerous factors and one of them is nutrient intake. This research aimed to find out the correlation between the level of nutrient intake and height-for-age indicator. The nutrient discussed in this research is calcium. This research used a cross-sectional research design. Data of this research used a secondary data from a research conducted in 2011 in several RW on Jalan Kimia, Central Jakarta. The primary research used anthropometric measurements to obatain height data and food frequency questionaire to obtain the calcium intake patterns. Data that have been obtained then were analyzed with the Spearman test using SPSS version 20 software. This research conclude that 15.7% of the research subjects are stunted, over 80% of the research subjects had a low daily calcium intake and no correlation is found between daily calcium intake and the indicator of height-for-age."

"Latar Belakang : Perempuan pascamenopause memiliki risiko tinggi mengalami penurunan massa tulang akibat bekurangnya hormon estrogen dan asupan kalsium. Penting bagi perempuan pascamenopause untuk menjaga residual ridge dari resorpsi yang berlebihan. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan asupan kalsium terhadap derajat resorpsi residual ridge pada perempuan pascamenopause. Material dan Metode : Penelitian dengan metode potong lintang dilakukan di Pos Binaan Terpadu Lanjut Usia Perhimpunan Gerontologi Indonesia, Depok RW 02 yang melibatkan 99 perempuan pascamenopause. Subjek diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner asupan kalsium beserta model makanan dan porsinya dengan metode semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan derajat resorpsi residual ridge dengan mengukur tinggi residual ridge. Data dihitung dan dianalisis menggunakan piranti lunak statistik. Hasil : Hasil analisis chi square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara jumlah asupan kalsium terhadap derajat resorpsi residual ridge (p=0,035) pada perempuan pascamenopause. Kesimpulan : Perempuan pascamenopause berasupan kalsium tercukupi memiliki derajat resorpsi residual ridge rendah.

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Background : Postmenopausal women have a high risk to decreasing bone mass because of estrogen and calcium intake deficiency. It is important for postmenopausal women to keep the residual ridge from excessive resorption.

Objective : Determine the relationship calcium intake and degree of residual ridge resorption in postmenopausal women.

Material and Method : the cross sectional study was performed at Pos Binaan Terpadu Lanjut Usia Perhimpunan Gerontologi Indonesia, Depok RW 02 involving 99 postmenopausal women. Subjects were submitted to interview using calcium intake questionnaire (semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire method ) with food model and the size and then examining the degree of residual ridge resorption through measuring residual ridge height. Data obtained was tabulated and analyzed using statistical software.

Result : The results of chi square analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between the amount of calcium intake and the degree of residual ridge resorption (p = 0.035) in postmenopausal women.

Conclusion : Postmenopausal women that have adequate calcium intake show the low degree of residual ridge resorption."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan kalsium dengan beberapa faktor dan menentukan faktor yang paling dominan pada siswa SMAN 35 Jakarta. Pada penelitian ini, asupan kalsium merupakan variabel dependen, sedangkan frekuensi konsumsi SSBs, frekuensi konsumsi susu dan hasil olahannya, frekuensi konsumsi sumber kalsium jenis hewani, frekuensi konsumsi sumber kalsium jenis nabati, kebiasaan sarapan, jenis kelamin, pengetahuan gizi mengenai kalsium, uang jajan, tingkat pendidikan ayah dan tingkat pendidikan ibu merupakan variabel independen. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross – sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April 2020 kepada kelas 10 dan 11 SMAN 35 Jakarta yang terpilih hasil dari random. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner secara daring (online). Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan chi – square, dan multivarat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 50% responden memiliki asupan kalsium rendah (<437mg/hari). Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi konsumsi susu dan hasil olahannya, frekuensi sumber kalsium jenis hewani, frekuensi konsumsi sumber kalsium jenis nabati, dan uang jajan berhubungan dengan asupan kalsium pada remaja. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan frekuensi konsumsi susu dan hasil olahannya sebagai faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi asupan kalsium pada remaja. Disarankan untuk pihak sekolah untuk membuat kebijakan bagi kantin untuk menyediakan menu gizi seimbang dan institusi kesehatan untuk memberikan edukasi mengenai pentingnya asupan kalsium, konsumsi susu dan sumber kalsium lainnya kepada remaja.

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This study aims to determine factors relations with calcium intake and determine the dominant factor among student of SMAN 35 Jakarta. The dependent variable in this study is Calcium Intake and the independent variables are sugar sweetened beverages consumption frequency, milk and dairy products consumption frequency, vegetables sources of calcium consumption frequency, animal – type sources of calcium consumption frequency, breakfast habit, sex, calcium – related knowledge, pocket money, father’s education and mother’s education. This is a quantitative study with cross – sectional design. This study conducted in April 2020 to grade 10th and 11th at SMAN 35 Jakarta who were selected randomly. Data were collected through filling out online questionnaires. The data obtained were then analyzed by univariate, bivariate analysis using chi – square, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results show that 50% of the respondents had a low level of calcium intake (<437 mg/hari). The result also show the influence of milk and dairy products consumption frequency, vegetables sources of calcium consumption frequency, animal – type sources of calcium consumption frequency and pocket money related to calcium intake in adolescents. Multivariate analysis shows the influence of milk and dairy products consumption frequency as ad dominant factor influencing calcium intake among adolescents.

Thus, it is recommended for the school to make the rule for canteen to provide “gizi seimbang” menu and the related health institution to provide education about the importance of calcium intake, milk and dairy products consumption frequency and others calcium – rich foods sources consumption frequency (vegetables – type and animal – type) for adolescents."