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"Latar Belakang: Rosela dilaporkan memiliki khasiat sebagai antiinflamasi.Tujuan: mengetahui efektivitas rosela terhadap ulser mukosa mulut.Metode: 12 tikus sprague-dawley dibagi dua; kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Triamcinolone diaplikasikan pada kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok perlakuan diberikan aplikasi tetes rosela 7.5% dan 15%, selama 3 atau 7 hari.Hasil; Hilangnya kemerahan dan pengurangan diameter ulser pada rosela 7 hari (7.5% dan 15%), hilangnya bengkak pada rosela 7 hari (15%) dan penurunan skor radang pada rosela 3 hari (15%) dan 7 hari (7.5% dan 15%).Kesimpulan: Efektivitas rosela setara Triamcinolone 0.1% pada kemerahan dan penurunan diameter ulser 7 hari.

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Backgrounds: Roselle have effect as anti-inflammatory.Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of roselle towards oral mucosa ulcer.Methods: 12 sprague-dawley rats were divided into 2 groups; control and treatment. triamnicolone as positive control, treatment group was dropped by 7.5% and 15% roselle. Wound healing was observed in the third or seventh day.Results; Redness disappearance and ulcer diameter decrease in seventh days (7.5% and 15%). Swelling disappearance in seventh days (15%). Inflammation score decrease in both third days (15%) and seventh days (7.5% and 15%).Conclusions: roselle is effective for ulcer healing. the Effectiveness is equivalent to Triamcinolone 0.1% in redness disappearance and decreasing of ulcer diameter in seventh days."

"Latar Belakang: Rosela dilaporkan sebagai agen antiradang.Tujuan: menganalisis efektivitas ekstrak etanol terstandar kelopak rosela terhadap penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut.Metode: Dua belas tikus dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Ekstrak 3.75% dan 7.5% dioleskan 2 kali sehari pada mukosa mulut. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 3 dan 7 hari. Kemerahan dan pembengkakan jaringan sekitar diamati secara visual. Diameter ulser diukur satu hari setelah dibuat dan sebelum dikorbankan. Spesimen dibuat, diamati secara mikroskopis, dan dilakukan skoring.Hasil: Diameter ulser dan skor radang menurun. Kemerahan dan pembengkakan jaringan sekitar tidak terlihat lagi.Simpulan: Ekstrak 7.5% efektif terhadap penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus.

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Background: Roselle is reported as anti-inflammatory agent.Objectives: To analyze standardized roselle calyces ethanol extract efficacy`s towards oral mucous ulcer.Methods: Twelve rats were divided into 2 groups; control and experimental group. The 3.75% and 7.5% extract were applied topically twice a day in oral mucous. Animals were observed for 3 and 7 days. Redness and swelling were observed visually. Ulcer diameter was measured a day after creation and before sacrifice. Specimens were observed microscopically and scored.Results: Ulcer diameter and inflammation score were decreased. No redness and swelling observed.Conclusions: The 7.5% extract is effective for the ulcer."

"Pendahuluan: Rosela memiliki khasiat antiinflamasi. Ulser merupakan keadaan inflamasi dalam rongga mulut.Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas ekstrak etanol terstandar kelopak bunga rosela terhadap penyembuhan ulser.Metode: Penelitian in vivo pada model ulser 12 tikus, dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Rosela diteteskan 2 kali sehari pada ulser, kemudian hari ke 3 dan 7 dikorbankan. Parameter yang diobservasi adalah kemerahan dan bengkak di sekitar jaringan ulser, diameter ulser, serta skor radang.Hasil: Rosela 7.5% 7 hari dapat menghilangkan kemerahan, sedangkan 3.75% dan 7.5% menurunkan diameter ulser dan skor radang.Kesimpulan: Aplikasi tetes ekstrak terstandar rosela efektif dalam mempercepat penyembuhan ulser.

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Background: Roselle has antiinflammatory effect. Ulcer is an inflammatory condition in oral.Objective: Analyze effectiveness of roselle in healing an ulcer.Methods: This research in vivo on ulcer model 12 rats, divided into control and treatment group. Roselle drops were applied twice a day on ulcer, then day 3 to 7 was sacrificed. Healing process was observed by looking redness and swelling, ulcer diameter, and inflammation score.Results: Roselle 7.5% 7 days can eliminate redness, while 3.75 % and 7.5% reduced ulcer diameter and inflammation score.Conclusion: Application drops of standardized ethanol extract of roselle are effective in ulcer healing."

"Pendahuluan : Rosela dilaporkan memiliki efek antiinflamasi.Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas ekstrak etanol terstandar kelopak bunga rosela oles terhadap penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut.Metode: Penelitian ini in vivo pada 12 tikus S-D dengan ulser mukosa mulut. Kelompok penelitian adalah kontrol dan perlakuan. Ekstrak 7.5% dan 15% dioleskan dua kali sehari, pada hari ke-4 dan ke-8, tikus dikorbankan. Parameter yang diobservasi adalah diameter, kemerahan dan pembengkakan di jaringan sekitar ulser, serta skor radang.Hasil: Pada kelompok perlakuan, diameter ulser dan skor radang menurun, tidak terdapat bengkak dan merah pada jaringan di sekitar ulser.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak 7.5% efektif menyembuhkan ulser mukosa mulut.

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Background: Roselle has anti-inflammatory effect.Objective: Analyze effectiveness of standardized ethanol extract of Roselle topical towards oral mucous ulcer.Method: In vivo study was created with ulcer on 12 rats. Research group divided into control and test group. Standardized roselle 7.5% and 15% were applied topically twice a day. On the 4th and 8th days, rat were sacrificed. Parameters are ulcer diameter, reddish color and swollen membrane, and inflammation score of ulcer.Result: Test group indicated ulcer diameter and inflammation score were reduce, no swelling and redness observed.Conclusion: Standardized roselle 7.5% is effective for ulcer healing of oral mucous."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Rosela mempunyai efek anti-inflamasi yang mempercepat proses penyembuhan. Fibroblas berperan penting dalam proses penyembuhan. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi hasil proses penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus berdasarkan ekspresi fibroblas secara imunohistokimia pascapaparan ekstrak etanol rosela 15%. Metode: Sampel ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan diwarnai dengan antibodi TE-7(immunohistokimia). Parameter yang digunakan sel positif dan intensitas warna (pixel). Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan sel positif pada kelompok rosela 15% dihari ke-3 (skor 2) dengan intensitas warna menunjukan skor kuat (<125 pixel) pada hari ke-1, -3, -7, -14. Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan ekspresi fibroblas pada proses penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan ekstrak etanol rosella 15%.

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ABSTRACTBackgrounds:Roselle have an anti-inflammatory effect that can accelerate wound healing. Fibroblast play a critical role in wound healing process. Objectives: To evaluate the result of wound healing process towards rat oral mucous ulcer based on fibroblast expression in immunohistochemistry after exposure 15% ethanol roselle extract. Methods: rat oral mucous ulcer samples after exposure the control group and the treatment group that stained by TE-7 antibody (immunohistochemistry). Parameters that used are positive cells and color intensity (pixels). Results: There was an increase of positive cells in group 15% roselle on the 3rd day (score 2) with color intensity indicates high score (<125 pixels) from the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. Conclusions: Fibroblast expression increased in wound healing process of rat oral mucous ulcer after exposure 15% ethanol roselle extract"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Kelopak bunga Rosela dilaporkan memiliki efek antiinflamasi.TE-7 adalah salah satu penanda fibroblas. Tujuan: Menganalisis ekspresi fibroblaspada penyembuhan ulser mukosa mulut tikus pascapaparan ekstrak etanol kelopakbunga Rosela 7,5 % secara imunohistokimia. Metode: Blok parafin dari ulsermukosa mulut tikus yang terdiri dari kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontroldipulas secara imunohistokimia tidak langsung menggunakan TE-7 sebagai antibodiprimer. Interpretasi ekspresi fibroblas berdasarkan skoring. Hasil : Pada hari ke-3,kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan skor 2 dan kedua kelompok kontrol menunjukkanskor 1. Kesimpulan: Setelah 3 hari paparan ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga Roselateridentifikasi 7,5% fibroblas terekspresi lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Roselle’s calyces reported have anti inflammation. TE-7 is one offibroblasts marker. Objective: Analyzing fibroblasts expression on rat oral mucosaulcer healing after exposure 7.5% ethanol extract of Roselle calyces byimmunohistochemistry. Method: Paraffin blocks of rat oral mucosa ulcer consistingof the treatment group and the control group stained indirect immunohistochemistrymethod using TE-7 as the primary antibodi Result: On day 3, the treatment groupshowed a score of 2 and the two control groups showed a score of 1. Conclusion:After 3 days exposure to 7,5% ethanol extract of Roselle calyces, fibroblastsexpressed better than the control group."

"Rosella berkhasiat anti-inflamasi dan anti-bakteri. Tujuan : Mengetahui kondisi makroskopis, mikroskopis ulser mukosa yang diaplikasikanekstrak rosella. Metode : Tiga puluh enam tikus sprague-dawley dibagi, Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% sebagai kontrol positif, saline 0.9% sebagai kontrol negatif, ekstrak rosella 7.5% sebagai kelompok perlakuan, selama 1, 3, 7, 14 hari. Hasil : pada perlakuan 7 hari, selisih diameter awal dan akhir kelompok ekstrak rosella 7.5% lebih besar dibandingkan TA dan saline, skor radang ulser kelompok ektrak rosella 7.5% lebih rendah dibandingkan TA dan saline. Kesimpulan : Aplikasi ekstrak rosella 7.5% efektif mempercepat penyembuhan ulser pada perlakuan 7 hari.

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Roselle have anti-inflammatory, anti-bacteria effect.

Objectives : To determine macroscopic, microscopic condition of ulcers after application of roselle extract.

Methods : thirty six sprague-dawley rats were divided, TA 0.1% as positive control, saline 0.9% as negative control, roselle extract 7.5% as treatment group. healing was observed in the first, third, seventh, and fourteenth day.

Result : In 7 days, the diameter differences of ulcers applied with roselle extract 7.5% is bigger and inflammation score of ulcers is lower than TA and saline.

Conclusion : application of roselle extract 7.5% is effective in accelerating healing in 7 days."

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Latar Belakang: Periodontitis disebabkan oleh infeksi mikroba sepertiStreptococcus sanguinisyang mengganggu respon imun dan integritas jaringan pendukung gigi.Ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) memiliki kandungan antimikrobial terhadap bakteri Gram-positif seperti S. sanguinis. Untuk mengembangkan bentuk sediaan, dibuat gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela.Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela terhadap S. sanguinis. Metode: Studi in vitro metode difusi agar yang mengukur zona hambat (mm) gel rosela 10%, 15%, dan 25% yang dipaparkan pada agar Mueller Hinton terinokulasi bakteri S. sanguinis, diinkubasi 6 jam, serta metode total plate count (CFU/mL) untuk menghitung jumlah koloni hidup bakteri S. sanguinis setelah terpapar gel rosela 10%, 15%, dan 25%. Kontrol positif yaitu gel klorheksidin 0,2% dan kontrol negatif yaitu gel basis tanpa zat aktif. Hasil: Zona hambat gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela konsentrasi 15% dan 25% berbeda bermakna dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05), gel konsentrasi 10% tidak menghasilkan zona hambat. Ketiga konsentrasi gel secara signifikanmenurunkan jumlah koloni bakteri dibandingkan kontrol (p<0,05). Efek penghambatan terbesar terdapat pada gel konsentrasi 25%. Kesimpulan: Gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela memiliki efek hambat terhadap bakteri S. sanguinis.

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Background: Periodontitis is caused by microbial infection, such as Streptococcus sanguinisthat disturbs immune response and the integrity of tooth-supporting tissue. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) calyx ethanol extract has antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, including S. sanguinis. In order to develop the dosage form, roselle calyx ethanol extract gel was made. Objective:To observe the antibacterial effectiveness of roselle calyx ethanol extract gel against S. sanguinis. Method: in vitrostudy using disk diffusion method which measures clear zone of inhibition (mm)of 10%, 15%, and 25% roselle gel applied on Mueller Hinton agar inoculated with S. sanguinis, incubated for 6 hours, and total plate count method which counts the number of living S. sanguiniscolonies (CFU/mL)after being exposed to 10%, 15%, and 25% roselle gel. Positive control is 0.2% chlorhexidine gel and negative control is gel without active substances.Result: Inhibitory zones of 15% and 25% roselle gel have significant differences compared controls (p<0.05), 10% roselle gel did not show inhibitory zones.All three concentrations of gel significantly reduced the number of colonies compared to controls (p<0.05). Highest inhibitory effect was observed in 25% roselle gel.Conclusion: roselle calyx ethanol extract gel showed inhibitory effect against S. sanguinis.

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"Ulser sering ditemukan di mukosa mulut. Rosella dilaporkan dapat mempercepat penyembuhan ulser. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosella teridentifikasi 3.75%. Metode: sebanyak 36 ekor tikus dibagi 3 kelompok paparan saline, triamcinolone acetonide, ekstrak rosella 3.75%. Tikus dikorbankan pada harike 2, 4, 8, dan 15. Spesimen difiksasi dan dilakukan skoring pada sediaan mikroskopik. Hasil: Pemaparan saline menunjukkan skor radang 3; pemaparan triamcinolone acetonidepada dua ekor tikus menunjukkan skor radang 1, satu ekor tikus menunjukkan skor radang 2; pemaparan ekstrak rosella 3.75% menunjukkan skor radang 2. Kesimpulan: Pemaparan ekstrak rosella 3.75% kurang efektif menyembuhkan ulser mukosa mulut.

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Ulcers are often found in oral mucosa. Roselle has been reported to accelerate wound healing.

Objectives: To analyze the effectiveness of identified ethanol extract of roselle calyx 3.75%.

Methods: A total of 36 rats were divided into 3 groups of application, saline, triamcinolone acetonide, and roselle extract 3.75%. Rats were sacrificed on 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 15th days. Specimens were made and microscopic slide were scored.

Results: Saline application showed inflammation score 3. Triamcinolone acetonide application showed inflammation score 1. Roselle extract application showed inflammation score 2.

Conclusion: Application of roselle extract 3.75% less effective to accelerate wound healing."

"Pendahuluan: Periodontitis merupakan inflamasi kronis yang terjadi pada jaringan periodonsium, ditandai dengan hilangnya perlekatan ligamen periodontal dan kerusakan tulang alveolar. Periodontitis yang terus berlanjut tanpa ditangani dapat menyebabkan kehilangan gigi. Bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans merupakan salah satu bakteri yang memiliki berbagai faktor virulensi penyebab terjadinya periodontitis. Hal ini menyebabkan diperlukannya agen antibakteri, untuk melakukan kontrol terhadap aktivitas bakteri periodontopatogen. Gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) diharapkan mampu menjadi agen antibakteri karena sifat antibakteri yang dimilikinya.Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro.Metode: Uji zona hambat dan total plate count dilakukan dengan bahan uji gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) konsentrasi 10%, 15%, dan 25%, gel klorheksidin 0,2% sebagai kontrol positif, serta gel tanpa bahan aktif sebagai kontrol negatif. Uji zona hambat dilakukan pada tiga koloni bakteri berbeda, dengan cara meletakkan cakram kertas yang telah dipaparkan bahan uji pada 5 plat agar Mueller-Hinton untuk tiap satu koloni bakteri. Pada uji total plate count, dilakukan penghitungan koloni bakteri yang tumbuh setelah dipaparkan bahan uji.Hasil: Gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) konsentrasi 15% dan 25% menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik bila dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (p-value <0,05). Kesimpulan: Gel ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans pada konsentrasi 15% dan 25%.

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Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontium, characterized by loss of periodontal ligament attachment and alveolar bone destruction. The advanced form of periodontitis could lead to tooth loss. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a bacterial that has a significant role in periodontitis by its various virulence factors. Therefore, antibacterial agents are needed to control the periodontal pathogen bacteria activity. Roselle calyx ethanol extract gel (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) could be an antibacterial agent because of its antibacterial effect.

Objectives: To evaluate antibacterial efficacy of roselle calyx ethanol extract gel (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on in vitro study.

Methods: Disk diffusion test (zone of inhibition) and total plate count test were performed using roselle calyx ethanol extract gel (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 25%, 0.2% chlorhexidine gel as positive control and blank gel as negative control. Zone of inhibition test was carried out on three different bacterial colonies, by placing paper disk that had been exposed to gel on 5 Mueller-Hinton agar plates for each bacterial colony. Total plate count test was performed by counting bacterial colonies after exposed from the test material.

Results: Roselle calyx ethanol extract gel (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) concentrations of 15% and 25% showed statistically significant differences when compared to negative controls (p-value <0.05).

Conclusions: Roselle calyx ethanol extract gel (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) is effective in inhibiting the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at 15% and 25% concentrations."