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Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 62103 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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"Tujuan: Defisiensi vitamin A pada anak masih merupakan masalah gizi masyarakat di Indonesia. Pengukuran kadar
retinol serum/plasma merupakan cara terbaik untuk menentukan status vitamin A. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan
bahwa infeksi menurunkan kadar retinol serum, sehingga dapat salah mendiagnosa status vitamin A, dan dapat
mempengaruhi kebijakan penanggulangan masalah defi siensi vitamin A di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan
memperlihatkan pentingnya menerapkan faktor koreksi berdasarkan status infeksi pada kadar retinol serum, sebagai
petanda status vitamin A.
Metode: Survei yang melibatkan 54 anak sekolah sehat dilaksanakan di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Pengukuran tinggi,
berat badan, kadar retinol, CRP dan AGP serum dilakukan. Berdasarkan kadar CRP dan AGP serum, subyek
penelitian dibagi dalam empat kelompok: tanpa infeksi, masa inkubasi, penyembuhan awal dan penyembuhan akhir.
Faktor koreksi didapatkan dengan membagi kadar retinol serum dari kelompok subyek tanpa infeksi dengan masingmasing
tiga kelompok lainnya. Faktor koreksi tersebut kemudian digunakan untuk mendapatkan kadar retinol serum
yang tidak dipengaruhi oleh adanya infeksi.
Hasil: Prevalensi subyek yang pendek dan berat kurang adalah 43% dan 22%, dan tidak ada subyek yang kurus.
Sebelum dan setelah kadar retinol serum dihitung dengan faktor koreksi, prevalensi defi siensi vitamin A menurun dari
20.4% menjadi 18.5%, sehingga defi siensi vitamin A yang tanpa faktor koreksi merupakan masalah gizi masyarakat
yang berat, menjadi masalah gizi menengah setelah faktor koreksi diterapkan. Perubahan tingkat masalah gizi ini
dapat merupakan faktor penentu rencana kebijakan penanggulangan masalah gizi tersebut.
Kesimpulan: Menerapkan faktor koreksi berdasarkan keadaan infeksi menurunkan besaran masalah defi siensi vitamin A. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi kebijakan perencanaan program gizi masyarakat.

Abstract
Aim: Vitamin A defi ciency among children is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Serum/plasma retinol
concentration is the best indicator in assessing vitamin A status. However, there is growing concern that infection/
infl ammation lowers serum retinol concentration, thus creating potential misinterpretation of vitamin A status, which
could affect policy makers in planning suitable nutrition programs targeted at community. The aim of this study was
to highlight the importance of applying correction factors, to better interpret serum retinol as a nutritional status
biomarker.
Methods: A cross sectional study involving 54 apparently healthy school children was conducted in East Nusa Tenggara.
Height, body weight, concentrations of serum retinol, CRP and AGP were assessed. Based on concentrations of serum
CRP and AGP, four infl ammation groups were determined, namely reference, incubation, early convalescence and late
convalescence groups. Correction factor was obtained by dividing serum retinol concentration of reference group by
that of the other three groups. Correction factors were then used to correct serum retinol concentration without any
infl uence of infection/infl ammation.
Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were 43% and 22% respectively, but there was no wasting among
the school children. Applying correction factor lowered the prevalence of vitamin A defi ciency from 20.4% to 18.5%;
thus changing vitamin A defi ciency from a severe public health problem to a moderate public health problem.
Conclusion: Correcting serum retinol concentration for the infl uence of infection reduced the apparent severity of
vitamin A defi ciency. This could affect policy for planning nutrition programs designed for communities"
[Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia], 2010
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Le Thandar Soe
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari optimized food-based recommendation FBR dan biskuit fortifikasi terhadap performa kognitif siswa sekolah dasar. Cluster randomized controlled trial selama enam bulan pada anak sekolah usia 7-9 tahun n=252 dilaksanakan di 12 sekolah di Kota Nyaundon yang terdiri dari 3 kelompok; kombimasi optimized FBR dan biskuit fortifikasi, optimized FBR, dan kontrol. Performa kognitif, antropometri, dan indicator biokimia diukur sebagai outcome. Pada kedua kelompok intervensi optimized FBR dengan biscuit fortifikasi dan optimized FBR terdapat pengaruh yang significant terhadap performa kognitif, weight-for-age z-scores dan kadar besi serum. Akan tetapi kombinasi optimized FBR dengan biscuit fortifikasi menghasilkan skor performa kognitif yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan optimized FBR saja dengan skor yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada daya ingat 1.1 0.1: p-vale

The study aimed to determine the effect of optimized food-based recommendation FBR and fortified biscuits on cognitive performance of primary school children. A six-month cluster randomized controlled trial among 7-9 years old school children n=252 were conducted at 12 schools in Nyaungdon Township with three intervention groups; optimized FBR with fortified biscuits, optimized FBR, and control. The cognitive performances, anthropometry and biochemical indicators were assessed as outcomes. Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression analysis were done. Both intervention optimized FBR with fortified biscuits and optimized FBR groups had significant effect on the cognitive performances, weight-for-age z-scores and serum iron status. But combined optimized FBR with fortified biscuits improved cognitive performances higher scores than optimized FBR alone with significantly higher in memory 1.1 0.1: p-vale."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Melita Adiwidjaja
"Defisiensi besi adalah defisiensi mikronutrien yang paling sering ditemui. Jika tidak diobati, dapat menyebabkan anemia defisiensi besi dan gangguan kognitif, terutama pada anak usia sekolah, yang ireversibel. Diagnosis defisiensi besi rumit, tidak praktis, dan mahal. Organisasi AAP merekomendasikan RET-He sebagai pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk skrining defisiensi besi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mencari nilai batasan RET-He untuk skrining status besi pada anak usia 6 – 18 tahun. Studi ini merupakan studi potong lintang terhadap 207 anak sehat usia 6 - 18 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mencari nilai batasan RET-He untuk skrining status besi, kemudian dibandingkan dengan hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, feritin, dan saturasi transferin. Kurva ROC dikerjakan untuk menentukan nilai batasan RET-He untuk skrining status besi dengan menggunakan IBM SPSS versi 22. Pemeriksaan RET-He mendapatkan nilai batasan ≤ 30,3 pg (sensitivitas 100%, spesifisitas 19,7%, NDN 100%, NDP 5,4%) untuk skrining deplesi besi; nilai batasan RET-He ≤ 28,9 pg (sensitivitas 78,9%, spesifisitas 56,2%, NDN 92,2%, dan NDP 28,9%) untuk defisiensi besi; dan nilai batasan RET-He ≤ 27 pg (sensitivitas 75%, spesifisitas 80%, NDN 98,1%, dan NDP 18,7%) untuk anemia defisiensi besi. Peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa RET-He dapat digunakan sebagai parameter skrining defisiensi besi dengan nilai batasan ≤ 28,9 pg. Skrining untuk anemia defisiensi besi dapat menggunakan RET-He dengan nilai batasan ≤ 27 pg, namun harus dilakukan dengan parameter lain, seperti Hb. Pemeriksaan RET-He dengan nilai batasan ≤ 30,3 pg tidak dapat digunakan untuk skrining deplesi besi.

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in the world. Left untreated, ID will lead to iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and other irreversible consequences. Screening iron deficiency is complex, impractical, and expensive. The AAP recommended RET-He as an alternative laboratory examination to screen ID. The objective is to find RET-He cut-off value to screen for iron status in healthy children, aged 6 – 18 years old. This study is a cross-sectional study of 207 children aged 6 – 18 years old in Indonesia. RET-He was compared with hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, ferritin to assess iron status in children. Receiver operating curve was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value for RET-He using IBM SPSS 22. Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent with cut-off value ≤ 30.3 pg was established to screen iron depletion (100% sensitivity, 19.7% specificity, 100% NPV, 5.4% PPV); meanwhile RET-He ≤ 28.9 pg to screen iron deficiency (78.9% sensitivity, 56.2% specificity, 92.2% NPV, 28.9% PPV); and RET-He ≤ 27 pg to screen IDA (75% sensitivity, 80% specificity, 98.1% NPV, 18.7% PPV). The researcher concluded that RET-He can be used as an iron deficiency screening parameter with a cut-off value ≤ 28.9 pg. Screening for IDA with RET-He ≤ 27 pg need to be done with other parameters, such as Hb. RET-He ≤ 30.3 pg cannot be used for iron depletion."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T59203
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arina Nurul Ihsani
"Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) merupakan indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur densitas gizi mikro dari makanan anak berusia 6 – 23 bulan, yang dapat digunakan juga sebagai prediktor kegagalan indikator antropometri. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis determinan yang berhubungan dengan ketidaktercapaian Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) pada anak usia 6 – 23 bulan di Indonesia. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 10.800 anak yang didapatkan dari total sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara usia anak (p < 0,0005), usia ibu (p = 0,01),tingkat pendidikan ibu (p < 0,0005), tingkat pendidikan ayah (p < 0,0005), frekuensi ANC (p < 0,0005), tempat persalinan (p < 0,0005), pelayanan PNC (p < 0,0005), tempat tinggal (p < 0,0005), dan pemantauan pertumbuhan anak (p < 0,0005) terhadap ketidaktercapaian MDD anak usia 6-23 bulan. Sementara hasil analisis multivariat diketahui bahwa faktor paling dominan dari ketidaktercapaian MDD yaitu usia anak dengan nilai p < 0,0005 (aOR = 2,762, 95% CI: 2,507 – 3,043). Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi manfaat sebagai evidence based dalam penyusunan kebijakan dan program gizi khususnya terkait dengan PMBA.
.....Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is an indicator to measure the micronutrient density of children aged 6-23 months, which can also be used as a predictor of anthropometric failure. This study aims to analyze the determinants of not meeting the criteria of Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) in children aged 6 – 23 months in Indonesia. The design used in this study was cross sectional with a total sample of 10,800 children obtained from total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using secondary data from the Riskesdas 2018. The results of bivariate analysis showed a significant association between children's age (p < 0.0005), mother’s age (p = 0,01), mother's education level (p < 0.0005), father's education level (p < 0.0005), ANC frequency (p < 0.0005), place of delivery (p < 0.0005), PNC services (p < 0.0005), place of residence (p < 0.0005), and monitoring of children's growth (p < 0.0005) on MDD in children aged 6-23 months. Meanwhile, the results of the multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant factor in the achievement of MDD was the age of the child with p value < 0.0005 (aOR = 2.762, 95% CI: 2.507 – 3.043). The results of this study are expected to provide benefits as evidence based in the formulation of nutrition policies and programs, especially those related to IYCF."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Soepardi Soedibyo
"Anak usia sekolah 6-12 tahun, di kota besar mempunyai aktivitas flsik yang kurang dan gaya hidup yang santai. Fast food dan soft drink yang dikonsumsi mengandung kalori dan protein tinggi berasal dari protein dan karbohidrat. Obesitas mempunyai dampak terhadap tumbuh kembang anak terutama aspek psikososial. Faktor yang turut berperan mendukung terjadinya obesitas pada anak adalah keadaan sosial ekonomi, perilaku dan gaya hidup serta pola makan. Dilakukan penelitian deskriptif analitik secara seksi silang pada murid sekolah dasar di Jakarta, utituk mengidentifikasi faktor yang berperan pada obesitas anak usia sekolah. (Med 3 Indones 2006; 15:43-54).

School-aged children of 6-12 year old in big cities have less physical activities and relax life style. Fast food and soft drink consumed contain high calorie and protein of protein and carbohydrate sources. Obesity has impact on children's growth and development especially on psychosocial aspect. The factors that play a role in supporting the obesity occurrence in children include socio-economic condition, behavior and life style and diet. A cross sectional descriptive -analytic study was conducted on elementary school students in Jakarta, to identify factors that play roles on obesity of school-aged children. (Med J Indones 2006; 15:43-54)."
[place of publication not identified]: Medical Journal of Indonesia, 15 (1) January-March 2006: 43-54, 2006
MJIN-15-1-JanMarch2006-43
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Melyarna Putri
"Sekitar 15-20% pasien poliklinik dan unit gawat darurat datang dengan masalah sawar kulit seperti pemfigus, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), dan eritroderma. Masalah nutrisi terjadi pada penyakit sawar kulit melalui beberapa hal, yaitu kondisi hipermetabolisme sedang sampai berat, masalah pemenuhan nutrisi, kehilangan protein dari lesi kulit, dan efek samping metabolik akibat terapi steroid dosis tinggi jangka panjang. Empat pasien serial kasus dengan diagnosis pemfigus, TEN, dan eritroderma dengan masing-masing kondisi penyerta seperti gangguan hati, obesitas, DM tipe lain dan sepsis. Terapi medik gizi diberikan berdasarkan kondisi klinis, toleransi asupan, dan hasil laboratorium pasien. Target pemberian nutrisi dihitung menggunakan Harris Benedict dengan tambahan faktor stress 1,3-1,5. Diberikan nutrisi dengan komposisi seimbang, terdiri atas protein 1,32 g/kg BB ideal/hari, lemak 2530%, dan karbohidrat 4565%. Mikronutrien yang diberikan berupa vitamin B kompleks 3x1, asam folat 1x1 mg, vitamin A 12.000 IU, vitamin C 500-1000 mg, dan seng 2x20 mg. dari monitoring dan evaluasi dilaporkan bahwa pemberian mikronutrien pada penyakit sawar kulit dapat meningkatkan penyembuhan luka dan menurunkan risiko metabolik. Dari empat pasien serial kasus ini, didapatkan satu kasus mortalitas yaitu pada pasien dengan penyulit sepsis. Ketiga pasien kasus lainnya mengalami perbaikan kondisi klinis, penyembuhan luka baik, tidak ada infeksi dan komplikasi selama perawatan, kontrol glikemik baik, perbaikan kapasitas fungsional, dan lama rawat pasien lebih singkat. Ketiga pasien dipulangkan untuk rawat jalan. Terapi medik gizi yang optimal dapat memerbaiki luaran klinis serta menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien pemfigus, TEN, eritroderma tanpa penyulit metabolik

One in five to six patients at the polyclinic and emergency department present with skin barrier problems such as pemphigus, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and erythroderma. Nutritional problems occur in skin barrier disease through several things, namely moderate to severe hypermetabolic conditions, problems with nutritional compliance, loss of protein from skin lesions, and metabolic side effects due to long-term high dose steroid therapy. Three case series patients with pemphigus, TEN with hepatic complications, and erythroderma with obese nutritional status I and one case of pemphigus complicating sepsis and other types of DM. Nutritional medical therapy is given based on the clinical condition, intake tolerance, and laboratory results of the patient. The target of nutrition intake is calculated using Harris Benedict with a stress factor of 1.3-1.5, with a balanced composition, consisting of protein 1.3-2 g / kg ideal body weight / day, 25-30% fat, and 45-65% carbihydrates. The micronutrients were given in the form of 3x1 vitamin B complex, 1x1 mg folic acid, 12,000 IU vitamin A, 500-1000 mg vitamin C, and 2x20 mg zinc. Administration of micronutrients in skin barrier disease can improve wound healing and reduce metabolic risk. In four case series patients, there was one case mortality in a patient with complicated sepsis. The others had improved clinical conditions, good wound healing, no infection and complications during treatment, good glycemic control, improved functional capacity, and shorter patient length of stay. The three patients were discharged for outpatient care. Optimal nutritional medical therapy can improve clinical outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with pemphigus, TEN, erythroderma without metabolic complications"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Click, Phyllis
"Presents the information needed by those involved in after-school programs. This title also presents the research and information on school-age child care, and offers many practical applications and activities that can be put to use immediately in a child care setting. "
Singapore: Wadsworth/Clengage Learning , 2012
305.234 CLI c
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Adelia Hutami Sundaur
"ABSTRAK
Stimulasi perkembangan anak pra-sekolah lebih difokuskan pada perkembangan motorik dan kognitif dan kurang memperhatikan perkembangan emosional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan perkembangan emosional anak pra-sekolah dari ibu bekerja dan ibu tidak bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif komperatif dengan teknik cluster sampling dengan melibatkan 206 responden. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan 42,7 anak mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan emosional, anak dari ibu tidak bekerja memiliki persentase lebih tinggi dari pada ibu bekerja, walaupun secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan p=0,387; ? =0,05. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan ibu dengan perkembangan emosional anak p=0,024; ? =0,05 . Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai informasi sekolah untuk mengintegritaskan stimulus perkembangan emosional dengan perkembangan kognitif, motorik, dan sosial dalam proses pembelajaran.

ABSTRACT
Stimulation of pre school development is more focused on mototric and cognitive development and less attention to emotional development. This study ti determine the comparison of emotional development of pre school children from employed mother and unemployed mother. This study used a comparative descriptive research design with cluster sampling technique involving 206 respondents. The result of this study illustrates the 42,7 of children experiencing emotional development disorders, children of unemployed mother have a higher percentage of the employed mother, although not statistically no significant difference p 0.387 0.05. There was a significant correlation between mother education and emotional development children p 0.024 0.05. The result are expected to serve as school information to integrate the stimulus of emotional development with cognitive, motoric, and social development in the learning process. "
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arnelia
"Follow-up study of severely malnourished children during early chIldhood have been carried out in Bogor, Indonesia. The aim of the study is to investigate the long-term effects of severe malnutrition during early childhood on intelligence level and physical growth of school-age children. Fifty six children recovered from severe malnutrition after rehabilitation at NRDC outpatient clinic in Bogor for six months and fifty six well-nourished children matching for age, sex and some socioeconomic condition were included in the study.
Weight and height measurement were conducted in 1991 when they were under-five years of age and in 1998 when they were nine to 13 years of age. Psychological test using the WISC were carried out in 1998.
Intelligence level of the children suffered from severe malnutrition during early childhood were lower 11.34 1Q point compared to the children who did not Those who were rehabilitated at younger age had significantly higher 10 scores compared to those of older age before the age of 18 months. The more severe the children at admission to the clinic, the lower their IQ level. Previously malnourished group Were signifiCt1Y shorter than match control group. Only little catch-up were observed at 5fooI-ag6 among previously malnourished children. Those wto came to rehabilitation clinic at older age tend to have the better improvement on physical growth compared to those who came during infancy.
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1999
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Cobb, Nancy J.
California: Mayfield Publishing Company , 2001
305 231 COB c
Buku Teks SO  Universitas Indonesia Library
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