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"Risiko ergonomi merupakan salah satu bentuk risiko yang disebabkan karena hubungan kexja manusia, mesin (alat) dan lingkungan. Faktor risiko ergonomi terdini dari faktor fisik, faktor psikososial dan faktor individu. Faktor fisik yang terdiri dari repetition, force, poslure, vibralion, compression, dan linglcungan (cahaya, bising, suhu), psikososial misalnya job content, work/time pressure, job control, social support, job dzlssaliwaction, dan falctor individu, misalnya, umur, status sosial- ekonomi, merokok, riwayat kesehatan, jenis keiamin, onthropomerry dan aktifitas fisik Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko egonomi pekerjaan pemanenan kelapa sawit secara manual dan hubungannya dengan keluhan MSDs. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah pekerja panen dan muat kelapa sawit di kebun kelapa sawit PT. X Sumatera Selatan tahun 2008. Sampel penelitian adalah selumh pekerja panen dan muat kelapa sawit yang beljumlah 117 orang. Variabel independen adalah postur, beban, jenis pekerjaan, tingkat pendidikan, umur, lembur dan lama kcrja. Variabel dcpenden adalah keluhan MSDs. Data diolah secara kualitatif dengan metode REBA dan analisis kuantitatif dengan bantuan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian, berdasarkan metode REBA tingkat risiko ergonomi panen dan muat rnasuk kategori tinggi (8 - 10), tingkat aksi 3 dan dibutuhkan tindakan scgcra. Deskripsi dari responden adalah jenis pekerjaan (pemanen = 98 dan pemuat = 19), tingakt pendidikan (5 SD = 98 dan > SD = 19), kerja lembur ( lembur = 37 dan tidak lembur = 80), lama kerja (S 2 tahun = 37 dan > 2 tahun = 80), dan umur (< 45 tahun = 112 dan 2 45 tahun = 5). Dari uji bivariat didapat hasil bahwa variabel jenis pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keluhan MSDS yaitu untuk pckerjaan pemanenan. Sedangkan variabel yang lain, yaitu status pernikahan, tingkat pendidikan, kexja lembur, lama bekerja dan umur pekerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keluhan MSDs. Kesimpulan, hasil score REBA hight, keluhan terbanyak dialami pada bagian leher dan punggung bawah, dan paling sedikit dari responden adalah pada bagian pantat, jenis pekerjaan berpengaruh signifikan tcrhadap jumlah keluhan. Saran kepada manajemen, perlu pengecekan kesehatan terkait keluhan otot rangka, penyuluhan kepada pekezja pzmcn dan muat TBS tentang tata cara kerja yang aman, selamat dan sehat, pengaturan waktugam keqa terkait pemulihan kcscgaran tubuh, termasuk kebijakan lembur dan program mekanisasi pekmjaan pemanenan dan pemuatan TBS. Saran untuk pekcnja, agar mclaporkan kepada Puskesbun jika merasakan/mengalami gangguan otot-rangka, menerapkan perilaku hidup sehat (tidak/kurangi merokok, waktu istirahat cukup, makan makanan bergizi seimbang) dan mcmatuhi prosedur kerja pemsahaan yang telah ditetapkan terkait kexja yang aman, sehat dan selamat. Saran lmtuk peminat K3, perlu penelitian lanjutan mengenai hubungan faktor risiko ergonomi (termasuk fbktor psikososial) dengan keluhan MSDs, aspek K3 pemanenan kelapa sawit.

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Ergonomic risk is a risk fonn due to relation among people task, machine, and environment. Ergonomic risk factor include physical factor, psichosocial factor and individual factor. The physical factor sucah as repetition, force, posture, vibration, compression, and environment (lighting, noise, temperature), psycosocial factor consist of job content, work/time pressure, job control, social support, job dissatisfaction, and individual factor suach as age, social-economic status, smoking, health historical, gender, anthropometry and other physical activities.

This research aimed at knowing the ergonomic risk factor and level and MSDs discomfort on harvesters of oil palm plantation in PT. X South Sumatera. This research is classified as an observational research with the plan of cross sectional research. The research population is the workers in harvesting and fresh fruit bunch (FFB) loading to truck in PT. X South Sumatera year 2008. The research sample is total populasi as amount 117 respondences. The independent varibale are posture, force, type of job, educational level, age, over time work, and age of work. The dependent variable is MSDS discomfort. The data is processed qualitatively by REBA method and quantitative analysis with the computere help.

The result of this research, ergonomic risk level (REBA) score is 8 to 10, action level 3 and necessary soon, the highest level is loading worker. The description of the respondence, type of job (harvesters = 98, loaders = 19), educational elevel (S elementary = 98 dan > elementary = 19), overtime( yes = 37, no = 80), age of work (5 2 years = 37, > 2 years = 80), and age (< 45 years = 112, 245 years = 5). The result of bivariate analysis shows that type of job has significant relations with MSDS discomfort (p-value = 0.027, OR = 0.29l, 95% CI : 0,106 - 0,799). Others variables, marital status, educational elevel, over time, age of work, and age have no significant relation with MDSs.

Conclusion, REBA score is hight, the most discomfort are neck and low back, the lesst is hip/buttock. Type of job (harvesting) has significant correlation with MSDS discomfort. Suggestion for management, need checking the healthly related to MSDs discomfort, socialise to working regarding safe and health harvesting and loading FFB, arrangement of working hour related to recovery and overtime policy, mechanisation program for harvesting, for worker, inform to Puskesbun if feel discomfort of MSDS, healhty life style, and complince with company procedure, and for OIIS concemers, need the next research about ergonomic risk including psicosocial factors and MSDS discomfort of harvesting job, and OHS aspect of oil palm harvesting."

"Perkebunan kelapa sawit menjadi komuditas utama pertanian di Indonesia selama tiga dekade terakhir. Indonesia sebagai negara yang berada di garis katulistiwa dengan 147 juta hektar area hutan mempunyai potensi besar dalam pembangunan perkebunan kelapa sawit sebagai senjata dalam meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita terutama di daerah pedesaan. Namun demikian tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa perkebunan kelapa sawit memberi dampak negatif, terutama terhadap isu lingkungan dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati. Studi ini dilakukan dalam rangka untuk memahami pengaruh dari perkebunan kelapa sawit dan produktivitasnya terhadap pendapatan perkapita di tingkat daerah dan tingkat nasional di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan data panel pada tingkat propinsi yang terdiri dari 23 propinsi di Indonesia menggunakan data tahunan dalam rentang waktu 9 tahun dari tahun 2003 sampai dengan 2011. Tingkat wilayah dibagi menjadi 5 berdasar atas kesamaan lokasi propinsi-propinsi pada pulau yang sama di Indonesia. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kelapa sawit tidak secara nyata mempengaruhi pendapatan perkapita di Indonesia. Di tingkat wilayah, perkebunan kelapa sawit memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pendapatan perkapita dengan hubungan yang bertolak belakang dan pengaruh ini terlihat di semua wilayah. Produktivitas kelapa sawit memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pendapatan per kapita di tingkat nasional dengan hubungan yang positif. Namun demikian, produktivitas kelapa sawit tidak menunjukkan memberi pengaruh yang nyata di masing-masing wilayah di Indonesia. Berdasar pada hasil tersebut, studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa perluasan perkebunan kelapa sawit tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan pendapatan perkapita. Peningkatan produktivitas kelapa sawit menjadi cara yang lebih memungkinkan dalam meningkatkan pendapatan per kapita di Indonesia.

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Oil palm plantation was becoming the mainstay of agricultural commodities in Indonesia since last three decades. Indonesia as an equatorial country with 147 million hectares of forest area has a great potential in the development of oil palm plantations as a weapon in increasing per capita income especially in rural areas. However, it cannot be denied that expansions of oil palm plantations bring negative effects, especially in relation with environmental issues and conservation of biodiversity.

This study conducted in order to understand the effects of oil palm plantation and oil palm productivity on per capita income in the region and national level in Indonesia. This study uses panel data at provincial level which consists of 23 provinces in Indonesia in the vulnerable period of 9 years from 2003 to 2011 in annually data. The region level is divided in 5 based on the similarity of provincial location in same island in Indonesia.

The results showed that oil palm plantation did not significant in effect the per capita income in Indonesia. In region level, oil palm plantations gave significant effect on per capita income in the opposite relationship and this effect was represented by all across regions. Oil palm productivity is significant in effected on per capita income at national level with positive relationship. However, oil palm productivity did not give significant effect in representation across regions in Indonesia. According to these results, this study concludes that expansion of oil palm plantations do not significant in increasing per capita income. Increasing of oil palm productivity becomes more reasonable way in increasing per capita income in Indonesia."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dinamika perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit Oud Wassenaar, N.V. Oliepalmen Mij yang secara spasial kini berada di dua kabupaten berbeda yaitu Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin dan Kabupaten Banyuasin. Skup temporal yang diambil yaitu antara tahun 1957-1977, sehingga penelitian akan diawali dengan pembahasan nasionalisasi dan diakhiri dengan pembahasan mengenai new planting (penanaman baru) serta re-planting (penanaman ulang) yang merupakan awal kembali bangkitnya perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit Belanda di bawah kendali perusahaan milik negara sekaligus menandai dimulainya babak baru perkebunan kelapa sawit Sumatera Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini memiliki sebuah kesimpulan dan hasil penelitian bahwa, peristiwa nasionalisasi yang dianggap sebagai babak baru pengelolaan perusahaan Belanda di bawah kendali negara pada kenyataannya tidak cukup menjadi legitimasi perkebunan kelapa sawit Oud Wassenaar, N.V. Oliepalmen Mij untuk masuk ke dalam rencana pembangunan hingga akhir dekade 1960-an. Selain faktor fundamental seperti ketidaksiapan modal dan minimnya tenaga ahli di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Faktor lain seperti ketidaksediaan pasar dan kecilnya keuntungan yang akan didapat, mengakibatkan rendahnya intensitas politik pemerintah maupun elit lain dalam bisnis ini. Apa yang dikenal dengan hyper-nationalism dan militerism, baru muncul memasuki dekade 1970-an ketika berbagai peristiwa internasional mampu mempengaruhi prospek kelapa sawit di pasaran dunia.

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This study aims to explain the dynamics of the oil palm plantation company Oud Wassenaar, N.V. Mij ​​Oliepalmen which is now spatially located in two regencies, namely Musi Banyuasin Regency and Banyuasin Regency. The temporal scope taken is between 1957-1977, so the research will begin with a discussion of nationalization and end with a discussion of new planting (penanaman baru) and replanting (penanaman ulang) which is the revival of Dutch oil palm plantation companies under the control of state-owned companies. as well as the start of a new chapter of oil palm plantations in South Sumatra. In this study, it has a conclusion and research results that, the nationalization event which is considered a new chapter in the management of Dutch companies under state control is in fact not enough to legitimize oil palm plantations Oud Wassenaar, N.V. Oliepalmen Mij to enter into the development plan until the late 1960s. In addition to fundamental factors such as unprepared capital and the lack of experts in oil palm plantations. Other factors such as the unavailability of the market and the small profits to be obtained, resulted in the low political intensity of the government and other elites in this business. What is known as hyper-nationalism and militarism, only emerged in the 1970s when various international events affected the prospects for palm oil in the world market."

"Laporan magang ini menjelaskan tentang perlakuan akuntansi aset perkebunan, risiko bisnis bawaan dan siklus audit atas aset perkebunan kelapa sawit pada PT XYZ. Perlakuan akuntansi atas aset perkebunan PT XYZ didasarkan pada PSAK No. 16 Revisi 2014 atas Aset Tetap. Analisis perlakuan akuntansi atas aset perkebunan PT XYZ dibandingkan dengan peraturan dalam IAS 41. Auditor melaksanakan test of control, membuat lead schedule, test of additions plantation assets, test of capitalization cost, test of impairment assessment dan test of borrowing cost. Prosedur audit yang digunakan auditor mengacu pada standar yang berlaku di Indonesia. Hasil laporan magang memberikan saran kepada PT XYZ dalam mencatat biaya-biaya pada saat Tanaman Belum Menghasilkan (TBM) langsung menambah nilai TBM, memperbaiki dan memperbarui peta blok lahan tanam dan mengintegrasikan sistem informasi kantor kebun dengan kantor pusat.

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This internship report explains the accounting treatment of plantation assets, inherent risk of business cycle and audits of palm oil plantation assets in PT XYZ. Accounting treatment over plantation assets PT XYZ based on PSAK No. 16 Revision of 2014 of Fixed Assets. Analysis accounting treatment over plantation assets PT XYZ compared with the provisions of IAS 41. The auditors have carried out test of control, make lead schedule, test of additions plantation assets, test of capitalization cost, test of impairment assessment and test of borrowing cost. Auditor used audit procedures based on standards that prevail in Indonesia. The audit report give advice to PT XYZ in posting costs of Immature Plantation immediately increase the Immature Plantation value, improve and update a map of block land cropping and integrate information system of garden office with its head office."

"[ABSTRACTA number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective. The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.;A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level., A number of studies have examined the relationship between the oil palm plantation area and the poverty alleviation. Most of this study are conducted based on local research and, mainly, do not involve econometrics analysis to find the relationship. Palm oil is one of commoditiesthat is widely produced in Indonesia that makes this country the world leader of palm oil producers. With the large amount of oil palm plantation area in Indonesia, then it may have an effect on economic growth,which may relieve the poverty. Using panel data set of 33 province in Indonesia between 2006 and 2012, this paper tries to examine the effect of oil palm plantation on poverty alleviation in Indonesia.Moreover, this paper also aims to examine factors that may affect the expansion of oil palm plantation. In order to answer this objective, descriptive analysis is employed to discuss the determinant of oil palm expansion. Whereas, pooled OLS, fixed effect panel data model and random effect panel data model are employed in this paper, to asnwer the main objective.The results shows that govenment intervention is more likely to influence the expansion of oil palm plantation. Meanwhile, demand for palm oil product may have impact on the expansion in Indonesia. Empirical findings show that oil palm plantation has negatively significant effect on the number of poor people. This means that increasing oil palm plantation area may reduce the poverty level in Indonesia. In addition, regional per capita income, education, access on electriciy and population size also have negative relationship with the poverty. Mostly, the result supports the empirical evidence that an increase of the variables may reduce the poverty level.]"

"Proses kerja dengan banyak aktivitas biasanya menggunakan seluruh anggota tubuh dan memerlukan kinerja otot yang maksimal. Proses memproduksi tempe dilakukan secara manual berisiko menimbulkan keluhan gangguan trauma kumulatif (cumulative trauma disorders/CTDs). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Pekerja Pabrik Rahmat Tempe Di Pancoran Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2011 untuk menilai gambaran tingkat risiko ergonomi dan keluhan CTDs. Responden sebanyak seluruh pekerja (10 orang). Tingkat risiko ergonomi dinilai menggunakan metode REBA dan didapatkan tingkat risiko sedang (medium) 8 proses, tinggi (high) 6 proses, kemudian diikuti tingkat risiko sangat tinggi (very high) 2 proses dan tingkat risiko rendah (low) 1 proses dari 17 proses aktivitas pekerjaan yang ada. Pekerja mengeluhkan pegal-pegal pada seluruh bagian tubuh akan tetapi seluruh pekerja mengeluhkan pegal-pegal pada leher, bahu, lengan atas, punggung bagian atas dan pinggang dilihat dari hasil kuesioner nordic body maps. Selain risiko ergonomi, didapatkan juga faktor lain yang memperberat keluhan CTDs seperti proses kerja, dan karakteristik individu yang terdiri dari umur, riwayat penyakit, tingkat pendidikan, masa tubuh, kebiasaan (merokok/tidak merokok), lama bekerja.

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The process of working with many activities normally will use the whole body and require maximum muscle performance, so that at the time of the process of producing work that much tempeh is done manually can be at risk of cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). Therefore, this study conducted at Rahmat Tempe Factory Workers, Pancoran Village, South Jakarta in 2011 to describe the level of ergonomic risk of cumulative trauma disorders and complaints. Respondents of all workers (10 persons). Ergonomic risk level was assessed using the REBA method and obtained the degree of medium risk 8 process, high risk 6 process, very high risk 2 process and the low risk level 1 process of 17 processes the work activities that exist. Workers complained of aches in all parts of the body but all the workers complained of spasm in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, upper back and waist seen from the results of questionnaires nordic body maps. In addition to ergonomic risk, other factors also found that complaints aggravate CTDs such as work processes, and individual characteristics consisting of age, disease history, education level, body mass, habits (smoking / not smoking), work since."

"Salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam target pencapaian ISPO yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah tertanam di lahan gambut, baik untuk perkebunan swasta maupun perkebunan rakyat. Beberapa permasalahan diantaranya terkait produktivitas, lingkungan, ekonomi dan sosial. Riset ini bertujuan untuk membangun model perkebunan kelapa sawit berkelanjutan dan membuat sintesis perbaikan. Metode riset adalah analisis statistik dynamic multivariate regression, analisis keekonomian (NPV dan IRR) serta pemodelan system dynamics. Hasil riset pada perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta, urutan variabel yang paling berpengaruh yaitu OER CPO, kerapatan tanam, TMAT dan pemupukan. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, urutan variabel teknis yang berpengaruh adalah kebakaran, periode panen, pemupukan dan umur tanaman. Kesimpulan riset menyatakan, model pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit swasta dibangun dengan intervensi skenario optimis yaitu peningkatan persentase OER CPO 20%, kerapatan tanam 15%, pemupukan 15% dan TMAT 100%. Untuk perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat, kunci utamanya adalah kebakaran dan kelembagaan agar dapat mencapai target keberlanjutan.

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One of the challenges faced by Indonesia in achieving the ISPO target is oil palm plantations existing planted on peatlands, both for private plantations and smallholder. Some of these problems are related to productivity, environment, economy, and social. This study aims to build a model of sustainable oil palm plantations and synthesize improvements. The research methods used are dynamic multivariate regression statistical analysis, economic analysis (NPV and IRR), and system dynamics modeling. The research results on private oil palm plantations, the order of the most influential variables are OER CPO, planting density, groundwater level, and fertilization. For smallholder, the technical variables influence fire, harvest time, fertilization, and plant age. The study's conclusion stated that the private oil palm plantation model was built with an optimistic scenario intervention, namely an increase in the percentage of OER CPO 20%, planting density 15%, fertilization 15%, and groundwater level 100%. For smallholder, the key is fire and institutions to achieve sustainability targets."

"Low Performance Presenteeism (LPP) atau presenteisme dengan kinerja rendah sering terjadi, di mana karyawan tetap bekerja meskipun memiliki masalah kesehatan, sehingga mempengaruhi produktivitas dan meningkatkan biaya perawatan kesehatan. Di industri kelapa sawit Indonesia, terutama di Jambi, data mengenai LPP di antara pekerja pertanian masih jarang. Satu perkebunan melaporkan tingkat penyakit bulanan 11-28%, yang menunjukkan potensi presenteisme. Gangguan muskuloskeletal (MSDs) seperti sindrom carpal tunnel (CTS), nyeri punggung bawah (LBP), dan nyeri leher umum terjadi di sektor ini. Studi ini menyelidiki hubungan antara MSD dan LPP di antara pekerja perkebunan kelapa sawit di Provinsi Jambi. Sebuah studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada Mei 2024 bekerja sama dengan klinik kesehatan perusahaan. Kuesioner SPS-6 menilai LPP di antara pekerja pemanen yang dipilih melalui stratified random dan convenience sampling. Variabel independen termasuk MSD (CTS, LBP, nyeri leher), faktor demografis (usia, jenis kelamin), dan faktor pekerjaan (masa kerja, status pekerjaan). Data dikumpulkan dari 150 subjek di 9 departemen, mayoritas laki-laki dengan usia rata-rata >37 tahun. Sebagian besar memiliki masa kerja >7 tahun dan pekerja kontrak. Prevalensi MSD termasuk nyeri leher (38%), LBP (33,3%), dan CTS (24%). Analisis regresi logistik mengungkapkan hubungan signifikan antara LPP dan CTS, LBP, nyeri leher, serta masa kerja ≥7 tahun. MSD dan masa kerja yang lebih lama muncul sebagai prediktor penting LPP di industri kelapa sawit Jambi.

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Low performance presenteeism (LPP) is prevalent, where employees work despite health issues, impacting productivity and increasing healthcare costs. In Indonesia's palm oil industry, primarily in Jambi, data on LPP among agricultural workers is sparse. One plantation reported monthly illness rates of 11-28%, suggesting potential presenteeism. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), low back pain (LBP), and cervical pain are common in this sector. This study investigates the relationship between MSDs and LPP among palm oil plantation workers in Jambi Province. A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2024 in collaboration with a company health clinic. The SPS-6 questionnaire assessed LPP among harvesting workers selected through stratified random and convenience sampling. Independent variables included MSDs (CTS, LBP, cervical pain), demographic factors (age, gender), and job-related factors (tenure, employment status). Data were collected from 150 subjects across 9 departments, predominantly male, with a mean age >37 years. Most had tenures >7 years and held non-permanent positions. MSD prevalence included cervical pain (38%), LBP (33.3%), and CTS (24%). Logistic regression revealed significant associations between LPP and CTS, LBP, cervical pain, and tenure ≥7 years. MSDs and longer tenure emerged as crucial predictors of LPP in Jambi's palm oil industry."

"Tulisan ini membahas tentang pengembangan industri kelapa sawit Indonesia masih mengandalkan ekspansi lahan, meskipun model pengembangan yang demikian memunculkan beragam dampak sosial dan lingkungan. Menggunakan pendekatan ketergantungan yang diperkenalkan oleh Theotonio Dos Santos dan Cardoso, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa kondisi tersebut diakibatkan oleh ketergantungan kolonial, finansial, dan teknologi Indonesia sebagai negara periferi terhadap negara-negara core dan semiperiferi, yang ditopang oleh persamaan kepentingan kelas dominan internasional dan kelas dominan nasional di Indonesia.

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This research discusses how the development of the Indonesian palm oil industry still relies on land expansion, even though this development model has various social and environmental impacts. Using the dependency approach introduced by Theotonio Dos Santos and Cardoso, this research argues that this condition is caused by the colonial, financial and technological dependence of Indonesia as a peripheral country on core and semi-periphery countries, which is supported by the similarities in the interests of the international dominant class and the local dominant class."

"Dengan adanya amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 20 tahun 2008 tentang Usaha mikro kecil dan Menengah, Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 17 Tahun 2013 Tentang Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2008 yang menegaskan otoritas KPPU untuk pengawasan dan penegakan hukum atas pelaksanaan kemitraan antara pelaku usaha besar dan/atau menengah dengan UMKM yang merupakan salah satu bentuk perwujudan struktur ekonomi nasional yang seimbang dan berkembang. Dalam sektor perkebunan sawit yang mensyaratkan pelaku usaha perkebunan memiliki perjanjian kemitraan dengan petani dan/atau masyarakat sekitar untuk bila hendak mendapatkan Izin Usaha Perkebunan (IUP) mendorong terciptanya kerjasama kemitraan dengan bentuk pola inti plasma, pelaku usaha besar berperan sebagai inti dan petani berperan sebagai plasma. Selama pelaksanaan kemitraan tersebut terjalin, timbul hal-hal yang tidak diharapkan juga pelanggaran atas perjanjian kerjasama. KPPU berperan sebagai pengawas juga penegakan hukum melalui penanganan perkara atas permasalahan tersebut.

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With the mandate of Law Number 20 of 2008 concerning Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and Government Regulation Number 17 of 2013 concerning Implementation of Law Number 20 of 2008 which confirms the authority of the KPPU to supervise and upholding the law on the implementation of partnerships between large/medium business actors and MSMEs which is a form of embodiment of a balanced and developing national economic structure. In the oil palm plantation sector, which requires plantation business actors to have a partnership agreement with smallholders and/or the surrounding community to obtain a Plantation Business Permit (IUP) encourages the formation of partnerships with a plasma core pattern, large business actors play the role of nucleus and smallholders act as plasma. During the implementation of the partnership, unexpected things arose as well as violations of the cooperation agreement. KPPU has a role as a supervisor as well as law enforcement by handling cases on these problems.

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