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"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) pada pesawat jarak menengah bermesin dua dalam virtual environment. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.0. Metode evaluasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan hasil analisis dari tiga buah metode: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) dan mencari konfigurasi desain ulang paling ergonomis ditinjau dari jarak panel, kemiringan panel, dan tinggi kursi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) yang ergonomis adalah jarak panel sebesar 10 cm, kemiringan panel sebesar 60˚, dan tinggi kursi sebesar 29,5 cm.

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This study is done to examine ergonomic aspect on the design of Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) in the virtual environment of medium-ranged twin-engined aircraft. The analysis conducted using Jack 6.0 software. The evaluation method being used in this study is the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) method which integrates the results of analysis from three methods: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA).

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the actual design of Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) and to search the most ergonomic design configuration; which reviewed from the distance and the tilt angle of panel and the height of chair. The result of this study shows that the ergonomic design of Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) are: panel with the distance of 10 cm and the tilt angle by 60˚, and the chair height of 29,5 cm."

"This study was carried out to examine the ergonomic aspects of the design of the Tactical Commander Console (TACCO) in the virtual environment of medium-range twin-engine ? Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA). The analysis was conducted using Jack 6.0 software. The evaluation method used in this study is the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) method that integrates the results of analysis from three methods: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the actual design of TACCO and to identify the most ergonomic design configuration, which is reviewed according to the distance and tilt angle of the control panel and the height of the chair. The results of this study show that the optimal ergonomic design for TACCO is as follows: panel at a distance of 10 cm, tilt angle of 60?, and a chair height of 29.5 cm."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain kabin kokpit pesawat perintis berpenumpang 19 bermesin dua dalam model Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah untuk menghasilkan usulan rekomendasi desain kabin kokpit pada pesawat perintis yang ergonomis, sesuai dengan hasil uji nilai PEI. Dihasilkan 9 bbuah konfigurasi yang akan dianalisis. Analisa postur menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan adalah metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisis dari tiga metode analisis yang terdapat pada Task Analysis Toolkits yang ada pada software Jack 6.1, yaitu : Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi desain dengan jarak tuas kemudi 25 cm dari instrument panel dan titik koordinat lever thrust pada x = 22 cm dan z = 426 cm pada center console.

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This research studies the ergonomics aspect from cockpit design of Double Engined 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft in Virtual Environment. The purpose of this research was to make ergonomic designs recommendation for flight deck of 19-passenger STOL Utility Aircraft according to the PEI test result. Jack 6.1 was used to analyze the posture. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods which were contained in Task Analysis Toolkits. Those three methods are: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The result was the configuration with range of yoke at 25 cm from panel instrument, 11o angle of the torso for the pilot, and change of coordinat point from thrust lever in center console at x = 22 cm and z = 426 cm."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis desain pesawat perintis berpenumpang 19 berdasarkan aktivitas egress darurat pilot untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi desain pesawat perintis ergonomis yang mendukung aktivitas egress darurat pilot. Dihasilkan usulan konfigurasi dari pintu darurat, handle di bagian kokpit, serta foot step di bagian kokpit dan di bawah pintu darurat yang akan dianalisis. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan adalah metode digital human modelling dengan sistem penilaian PEI yang mengintegrasikan tiga metode yaitu Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi desain pintu darurat dengan tinggi 85.24 cm dan lebar 46.64 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bawah pintu darurat dengan ukuran panjang 26.6 cm, lebar 20 cm dan tinggi 10 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bagian luar badan kokpit berukuran panjang 10 cm dan lebar 22 cm; serta didapatkan juga hasil konfigurasi handle terbaik dari sisi ergonomi dengan ukuran tinggi 20 cm dan panjang 10 cm.ABSTRACTThis research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm., This research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm.]"

"Seorang penembak dalam kendaraan tempur pengangkut personil akan bekerja dalam posisi setengah berdiri pada keadaan statis dan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Hal tersebut beresiko menyebabkan terjadinya WSDM. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dan meredefinisi postur kerja penembak dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software simulasi ergonomi, Jack 6.1. Redefinisi postur kerja dilakukan pada penambahan kursi dan pijakan kaki, dengan penyesuaian pada tinggi kursi dan sudut pijakan untuk mendapatkan konfigurasi kursi yang ideal bagi tentara. Postur duduk yang terbentuk dari seluruh konfigurasi yang diujikan dinilai dengan menggunakan metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Hasil penelitian berupa usulan kursi yang ergonomis bagi tentara Indonesia.

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A gunner in an Armoured Personnel Carrier Vehicle are positioned in a half- standing static posture in a long period of time, with the risks of WMSD. This study evaluates and redesigns the working posture of a gunner in the virtual environment, using an ergonomics software simulation, Jack 6.1.

Working posture redefinition is made by adding seat and foot support, with adjustments on the height of seat, and inclination of foot support to obtain the ideal configuration for the soldiers. Sitting posture which is formed from all the tested configurations is assessed using the method of Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). The result from this study is to design an ergonomic seat passenger models for Indonesian Soldiers."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aspek ergonomis dari sepeda UI (Universitas Indonesia) dalam virtual environment. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.0. Metode evaluasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan hasil analisis dari tiga buah metode: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual sepeda UI dan mencari konfigurasi desain ulang paling ergonomis ditinjau dari tinggi stang dan tinggi sadel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain sepeda UI yang paling ergonomis adalah desain yang memiliki tinggi stang terbesar (22 cm) dan tinggi sadel terkecil (11 cm).

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This research was conducted to study ergonomic aspect from University of Indonesia bicycle in virtual environment. Software Jack 6.0 was used to analyze it. PEI was used as approach that integrated the results of three methods: Lower Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The research objective is to evaluate existing design of University of Indonesia bicycle and to determine the most ergonomic redesign which concern with handlebar height and saddle height modification. The result showed that the most ergonomic design of University of Indonesia bicycle is the one with the highest handlebar height (22 cm) and the lowest saddle height (11 cm)."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji, dalam lingkungan virtual, aspek ergonomi dari empat divisi yang ada di industri garmen; divisi pemotongan, divisi jahit, divisi kancing, dan divisi finishing. Variabel yang mempengaruhi kondisi kerja pada tiap-tiap divisi berbeda, bergantung pada kondisi riil yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan penilaian terhadap kondisi kerja riil di industri garmen berdasarkan kajian ergonomi menggunakan Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). PEI mengintegrasikan nilai low back analysis (LBA), ovako working posture analysis (OWAS), dan rapid upper limbassessment (RULA). Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model manusia digital yang disediakan virtual environment pada software Jack 6.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kerja pada industri garmen masih memiliki risiko yang cukup tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan muskuloskeletal pada para pekerja. Penelitian ini memperkaya khasanah keilmuwan ergonomi di Indonesia karena merupakan penelitian pertama di Indonesia yang mengaplikasikan pendekatan virtual environment untuk analisis ergonomi di dunia industri.

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This research tried to study, in a virtual environment, the ergonomics of four divisions in garment industry: cutting division, sewing division, button division, and finishing division. Variables that influence the working conditions in each division are different; depend on the real situations that happened. The purpose is to assess the real working conditions based on ergonomics study using Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). PEI integrates the scores of low back analysis (LBA), ovako working posture (OWAS), and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). Analysis phase was done using digital human model in virtual environment that available on Jack 6.0. The results show that the working conditions in garment industry had enough amount of risk that can injured the musculoskeletal system of the workers. This research enriches the body of ergonomics knowledge in Indonesia because it is the first research in Indonesia that applied virtual environment approach to ergonomics analysis in industry."

"Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro merupakan transportasi yang paling sering digunakan untuk melintasi antar pulau. Namun, dalam 5 tahun terakhir terjadi beberapa kecelakaan pelayaran seperti kebakaran, tenggelam, kandas, dll. Pada kecelakaan pelayaran, kebakaran merupakan salah satu jenis kecelakaan yang paling banyak memakan korban jiwa. Faktor manusia merupakan salah satu penyebab utama dari kecelakaan kebakaran. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) untuk menemukan sumber-sumber bahaya yang dapat terjadi pada kecelakaan kebakaran di Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro. Selanjutnya, akan digunakan metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) untuk menemukan akar masalah. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengurangi resiko kebakaran Kapal Ferry Ro-Ro dengan rute Merak-Bakauheni.

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Ro-Ro ferries are the transportation most often used to cross between islands. However, in the last 5 years there have been several shipping accidents such as fire, drowning, grounding, etc. In shipping accidents, fire is one of the types of accidents that causes the most fatalities. Human factors are one of the main causes of fire accidents. In this research, the author used the Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) method to find sources of danger that could occur in fire accidents on Ro-Ro Ferry Ships. Next, the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method will be used to find the root of the problem. This is done to reduce the risk of fire on the Ro-Ro Ferry on the Merak-Bakauheni route."

"Ship-recycling, merupakan salah satu metode efektif yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantu mengurangi permasalahan limbah kapal-kapal tua yang sudah tidak layak digunakan. Istilah ini merujuk pada proses daur ulang kapal secara modern yang masih belum marak dilakukan di Indonesia. Pada pelaksanaannya, masih banyak terdapat aspek-aspek keselamatan yang tidak dihiraukan. Salah satu aspek terbesar yang masih kurang diperhatikan yaitu aspek dari human factor. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk meninjau lebih jauh terkait faktor-faktor di balik sumber bahaya bagi para pekerja yang terlibat dalam proses ship recycling. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) untuk menemukan sumber-sumber bahaya selama proses ship-recycling dilakukan dan selanjutnya dilakukan penarikan akar masalah menggunakan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Dari penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa human factor dari sumber bahaya terjadi dikarenakan ketidakwaspadaan pekerja; kondisi kesehatan pekerja; pemakaian APD yang tidak sesuai; serta kurangnya kualitas SDM untuk beberapa proses pekerjaan seperti penggunaan alat berat, proses cutting, ataupun dalam mengidentifikasi bahaya dan risiko kebakaran. Latar Belakang dari terjadinya kesalahan-kesalahan dari human factor di atas bisa berasal dari berbagai hal yaitu, tidak diadakannya pelatihan formal terkait penggunaan alat cutting, kondisi kesehatan pekerja, dan kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan yang tersedia.

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Ship-recycling is one of the effective methods that can be carried out to help reduce waste problems from old unused ships. This term refers to the modern process of recycling ships, which is still not widely done in Indonesia. In its implementation, there are still many safety aspects that are overlooked. One of the biggest aspects that is still not given enough attention is the human factor. This research was conducted to further investigate the factors behind the sources of danger for workers involved in the ship-recycling process. In this study, the author used the Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) method to identify sources of danger during the ship-recycling process and then conducted root cause analysis using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). From this research, it is known that the human factor of the sources of danger occurs due to worker inattention; worker health conditions; inappropriate use of personal protective equipment; and a lack of qualified personnel for some job processes such as heavy equipment use, cutting processes, or identifying fire hazards and risks. The background of the above human factor errors can come from various things such as the absence of formal training in the use of cutting tools, the health conditions of workers, and the shortage of available jobs."

"Dalam mengoperasikan mesin derek (crane), tentara yang menjadi operator duduk dalam keadaan statis dan perlu tingkat konsentrasi tinggi. Hal tersebut dapat beresiko menyebabkan terjadinya WSDM. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mempelajari postur duduk yang ditimbulkan oleh desain kursi penumpang dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software simulasi ergonomi, Jack 6.1. Penyesuaian dilakukan pada tinggi kursi, kemiringan sandaran kursi, tinggi tuas panel, dan pergeseran kursi untuk mendapatkan konfigurasi kursi yang ideal bagi tentara. Postur duduk yang terbentuk dari seluruh konfigurasi yang diujikan dinilai dengan menggunakan metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Hasil penelitian berupa usulan kursi yang ergonomis bagi tentara Indonesia.

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While being transported using Armoured Personnel Carrier Vehicles, soldiers are seated in is static posture and giving a risk of WMSD. This study attempts to analyze the sitting posture caused by a passenger seat design in the virtual environment, using an ergonomics software simulation, Jack 6.1.

Adjustments have been made on the high of seat, back slope seat and distance of hand handle to obtain the ideal configuration for the soldiers. Sitting posture which is formed from all the tested configurations assessed using the method of Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). The purpose from this study is to design an ergonomic seat passenger models for Indonesian Soldiers."