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"ABSTRAKPada saat menyanyi, setiap penyanyi memiliki kebiasaan atau ciri tertentu, misalnyaduduk, memiringkan kepala ke satu sisi, dll yang dapat disebabkan karena rasanyaman atau karena ada gangguan. Kebiasaan atau ciri menyanyi yang disebabkanadanya gangguan dapat mengakibatkan perubahan pada postur kranioservikalsehingga terjadi hiperaktifitas otot-otot mastikasi yang dapat merupakan salah satuetiologi terjadinya gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Gangguan senditemporomandibula atau temporomandibular disorder (TMD) merupakan hal yangsering dijumpai di masyarakat. Etiologi TMD bersifat multifaktorial antara lain posturkranioservikal yang kurang baik, gangguan otot, dll. Penelitian ini bertujuanmenganalisis hubungan antara postur kranioservikal dan durasi menyanyi padapenyanyi terhadap terjadinya TMD. Desain penelitian adalah analitik observasionalcase-control terhadap 40 penyanyi yang mengalami keluhan TMD. Diagnosis TMDditegakkan dengan Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders(RDC), sedangkan analisis postur kranioservikal digunakan radiografi sefalometriuntuk memperoleh sudut NSL/OPT. Dengani RDC, 24 penyanyi termasuk dalamkategori TMD, dan 16 penyanyi non TMD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidakterdapat perbedaan postur kranioservikal antara penyanyi dengan TMD dan nonTMD dengan nilai p = 0,084. Namun terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antaradurasi menyanyi dan TMD pada penyanyi dengan nilai p = 0,000. Semakin panjangdurasi menyanyi dalam satu hari, semakin besar kemungkinan penyanyi mengalamigangguan sendi temporomandibula.

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ABSTRACTWhile singing, every singer has a different style, like singing while sitting, singingwhile tilting head to one side, etc. These behaviors, whether caused by habit ordiscomfort, may change craniocervical posture, which then may trigger masticationmuscles hyperactivity. This is one possible etiology for temporomandibular disorder.Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) is a common disorder caused by a variety offactors such as bad craniocervical posture, or muscle disorder, etc. The purpose ofthis study was to analyze the relationships among TMD, craniocervical posture, andduration of singing. This observational case-control study was done with 40 singerswith TMD symptoms. TMD was diagnosed based on Research Diagnostic Criteria forTemporomandibular Disorders (RDC). Radiographic cephalometry was taken forcraniocervical posture analysis of NSL/OPT angle. By RDC, the singers wereclassified to 24 singers with TMD and 16 singers without TMD. This study found nodifference for craniocervical posture in singers with TMD and without TMD (p =0,084). However, there was a significant relationship between duration of singingand TMD (p = 0,000). The longer the duration of singing in a day, the bigger thelikelihood to develop TMD."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Temporomandibular Disorders atau yang dikenal dengan TMDmerupakan kumpulan gangguan yang terjadi pada musculoskeletal dan neuromuscular yangberhubungan dengan otot mastikasi, sendi temporomandibula (TMJ) dan atau struktur yanglainnya. TMD memiliki etiologi yang multifaktorial, dan cara penentuan diagnosis TMDdapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, melalui pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan klinismaupun pemeriksaan penunjang seperti radiografi. Kuesioner TMD telah banyakdikembangkan di dunia, dan di Indonesia sendiri, telah dikembangkan ID-TMD dan IndeksEtiologi Gangguan Sendi Temporomandibula, namun butuh dikembangkan suatu kuesioneryang mencakup seluruh tanda gejala dan etiologi TMD dengan referensi terkini yang dapatmempermudah klinisi untuk mendeteksi TMD pada pasien. Tujuan: Mengembangkansuatu kuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang yang valid dan reliabel. Metode: Pengembangankuesioner dijalankan dengan dua tahap, yaitu pada tahap kualitatif dilakukan 28 wawancaraterstruktur dan mendalam dengan pasien TMD menggunakan panduan semi-struktur yangdibuat peneliti dan melewati diskusi pakar. Hasil kuesioner tahap kualitatif dilanjutkandengan studi potong lintang pada 126 pasien TMD. Seluruh hasil pengisian kuesionerdilakukan Exploratory Analysis Factor dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian validitas danreliabilitas menggunakan SPSS untuk mendapatkan nilai Alpha Cronbach. Hasil:Pengembangan Kuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang terdiri atas 56 item pertanyaan yangmemiliki 3 komponen besar yaitu tanda dan gejala sebanyak 14 pertanyaan, kebiasaanburuk 15 pertanyaan dan stres emosional 27 pertanyaan. Kesimpulan: PengembanganKuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang valid dan reliabel.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Temporomandibular Disorders, also known as TMD, is a collection ofdisorders that occur in the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular that are associatedwith masticatory system, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and or other structures.TMD has a multifactorial etiology, and the method of determining the diagnosis ofTMD can be done in various ways, through filling in questionnaires, clinicalexaminations and investigations such as radiography. The TMD questionnaire hasbeen widely developed in the world, and in Indonesia itself, ID-TMD and theQuestionnaire to determine the Etiology of Temporomandibular Disorders have beendeveloped, but a questionnaire is needed to cover all symptoms and etiology of TMDwith the latest references that can facilitate clinicians to easily detect TMD inpatients. Objective: To develop a valid and reliable Temporomandibular Disorderquestionnaire. Method: The development of the questionnaire was carried out in twostages, namely in the qualitative stage, 28 TMD patient were interviewed using semistructuredguidelines made by researcher and passing expert discussions. The resultsof the qualitative stage questionnaire were followed by cross-sectional studies on 126TMD patients. All the results of filling out the questionnaire were carried out byExploratory Analysis Factor followed by testing validity and reliability using SPSS toproduce Cronbach Alpha value. Results: Development Temporomandibular DisorderQuestionnaire has total 56 items (questions) distributed amongst 3 major components,namely Signs and symptoms consist of 14 items, Bad habits 15 items and Emotionalstress 27 (questions). Conclusion: Development of Temporomandibular DisorderQuestionnaire were valid and reliable."

"Keterbatasan metode pencarian yang bersifat text-based pada sistem pencari lagu konvensional telah mendorong lahirnya sistem pencari lagu baru yang berbasis konten lagu. Salah satunya adalah sistem Query by Singing/Humming (QbSH). Sistem QbSH adalah sistem yang menggunakan melodi dari lagu sebagai dasar pencarian. Mayoritas penelitian terhadap sistem QbSH hanya menggunakan pitch sebagai feature padahal durasi juga merupakan karakteristik dari melodi oleh karena itu skripsi ini memaparkan perancangan sistem QbSH untuk musik dangdut yang menggunakan pitch dan durasi sebagai feature. Pitch direpresentasikan dalam 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 level contour dan pitch interval untuk mengatasi transposisi frekuensi sedangkan durasi akan direpresentasikan dalam logDurasi, RDD (Relative Duration Difference) logRDD kemudian akan dilihat kombinasi mana yang paling baik dalam merepresentasikan musik dangdut yang memiliki karakteristik perubahan pitch yang signifikan. Untuk pencocokan melodi digunakan Continous hidden markov model (CHMM). CHMM dipilih karena performa HMM yang baik dalam speech recognition, selain itu dengan CHMM user tidak perlu bersenandung dengan - da - atau - la - .

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The limitation of text-based searching method in the conventional track searching system encourages the invention of the new searching system that used contentbased searching method one which is the query by singing/humming (QbSH) system. QbSH system is a system that uses the melody of the song as the basis for the search. The majority of research on QbSH system only uses pitch as a feature but pitch isn't the only feature that characterized the melody therefore this final present a QbSH system design for dangdut music using pitch and duration as a feature.

Pitch is represented in three, five, seven, nine, 11-level contour and pitch interval to overcome the transposition frequency while the duration will be represented in logdurasi, RDD (Duration Relative Difference) logRDD then will see where the best combination to represent dangdut music that has characteristics significant changes in pitch. To match the melody used in continuous hidden Markov model (CHMM). CHMM HMM was selected because of good performance in speech recognition, in addition to the CHMM user does not need to hum with "da" or "la"."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 421-426Temporomandibular joint disorder may be caused by variety of factors; one of which is the posture of head and neck. However, the remains controversial and a subject of debate by experts. The objective of this study was to know whether there was a relation between temporomandibular disorders and the head and neck posture seen radiographically. Subject were 40 dental students from University of Indonesia who met the inclusion criteria, selected through questionnaire, and subjective examinations based on Helkimo's dysfuction index. Then, lateral cephalometries radiographic were done to all subjects. In the radiogram, a horizontal line was made from the nasion point to the sella tursica, and a vertical line was drawn along the prominent bone of C1 - C5. The angle between the two lines was measured, and used to represent the head and neck posture. The design of the study was cross sectional. Based on statistical analysis, there was no significant relationship between the anamnestic dysfunction index as well as the clinical dysfunction index that represented the temporomandibular joint disorders and the posture of head and neck seen radiographically."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang. Belum ada penelitian yang membahas hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kualitas hidup khususnya dengan menggunakan indeks OHIP-TMD-ID dan ID-TMD di Indonesia. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kualitas hidup, hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan tingkat ekonomi, hubungan kualitas hidup dan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan tingkat ekonomi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang pada 115 subjek berusia 20-40 tahun dari pasien Klinik Integrasi RSGM Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia. Dilakukan pencatatan data diri subjek dan wawancara untuk pengisian kuesioner ID-TMD dan OHIP-TMD-ID. Hasil penelitian: uji analisis Man-Whitney menunjukan perbedaan bermakna yang signifikan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kualitas hidup. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna yang signifikan antara kualitas hidup dan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat ekonomi. Hasil uji analisis Chi Square menunjukan tidak perbedaan bermakna yang signifikan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan faktor sosiodemografi usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat ekonomi. Kesimpulan: Penderita gangguan sendi temporomandibula mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup dari aspek nyeri orofacial.

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Background: Temporomandibular disorders may have an impact on quality of life. No studies have been done to analyze relationship between temporomandibular disorders and quality of life in particular by using OHIP TMD ID and ID TMD in Indonesia.

Objectives: To analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorder and quality of life, temporomandibular disorder and sociodemographic factors age, gender, education level economic level, quality of life and sociodemographic factors age, gender, education level, economic level.

Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted on 115 subjects aged 20 40 years from patients at Integration Clinic of RSGM FKG UI. Subject rsquo s personal data were obtained and interview for ID TMD questionnare and OHIP TMD ID questionnare were conducted.

Results: Man Whitney test showed significant differences between temporomandibular disorders and quality of life. However, there are no significant differences between the quality of life and sociodemographic factors age, gender, education level, economic level. Chi Square test showed no significant differences between temporomandibular disorders and sociodemographic factors age, gender, education level, economic level.

Conclusion: Temporomandibular disorders patients suffered from impaired orofacial pain related quality of life. Keywords temporomandibular disorder, quality of life, OHIP TMD ID, ID TMD."

"[ABSTRAKPenurunan fungsi pada rongga mulut, termasuk di dalamnya fungsi sendi temporomandibula mempengaruhi kualitas hidup lansia. Suatu studi potong lintang dilaksanakan pada 112 lansia berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Diagnosis gangguan sendi temporomandibula dilakukan dengan DC/TMD dan kualitas hidup dengan GOHAI. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas hidup, jenis kelamin, dan domisili. Selain itu juga terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kualitas hidup dengan tingkat ekonomi. Pada penelitian ini diketahui faktor yang paling berperan terhadap terjadinya gangguan sendi temporomandibula adalah jenis kelamin, sedangkan untuk kualitas hidup adalah tingkat ekonomi.

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ABSTRACTDecreased oral function in elderly, including the function of temporomandibular joint, will affect the quality of life (QoL). A cross-sectional study was conducted upon 112 elders aged 60 and above. DC/TMD was used to diagnose for TMD and GOHAI was used for the QoL. Significant relationship was observed between TMD and QoL, gender, as well as domicile. Pronounced association was also observed between QoL and economic status. In this study, the most affected factors in TMD occurrence was gender, and for QoL was economic status.;Decreased oral function in elderly, including the function of temporomandibular joint, will affect the quality of life (QoL). A cross-sectional study was conducted upon 112 elders aged 60 and above. DC/TMD was used to diagnose for TMD and GOHAI was used for the QoL. Significant relationship was observed between TMD and QoL, gender, as well as domicile. Pronounced association was also observed between QoL and economic status. In this study, the most affected factors in TMD occurrence was gender, and for QoL was economic status., Decreased oral function in elderly, including the function of temporomandibular joint, will affect the quality of life (QoL). A cross-sectional study was conducted upon 112 elders aged 60 and above. DC/TMD was used to diagnose for TMD and GOHAI was used for the QoL. Significant relationship was observed between TMD and QoL, gender, as well as domicile. Pronounced association was also observed between QoL and economic status. In this study, the most affected factors in TMD occurrence was gender, and for QoL was economic status.]"

"Tingginya prevalensi gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja sektor informal yang salah satu faktor utamanya adalah postur kerja tidak baik. Belum pernah dilakukan analisis postur kerja dengan metode OWAS pada pekerja pembuat alas kaki di Indonesia. Tujuan penilitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis postur kerja pada pekerja UMKM pembuatan alas kaki dengan menggunakan metode OWAS.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan observasi dan dokumentasi postur kerja pekerja pembuat alas kaki di sentra UMKM Ciomas Bogor yang kemudian dianalisis dengan metode OWAS. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah usia, jenis kelamin, berat badan, tinggi badan, masa kerja dan jenis tugas. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi Square.Hasil: Dari 72 data subyek yang dikumpulkan, sebanyak 68 orang memenuhi kriteria. Berdasarkan analisis dengan metode OWAS, 95,6 subyek memiliki postur kerja dengan skor OAC 2, dimana postur ini perlu perbaikan di masa yang akan datang. Hanya dua dari 68 reponden yang mempunyai postur kerja tidak baik dengan skor OAC 4, keduanya bekerja di bagian pola. Uji kemaknaan hubungan antara postur kerja dengan usia p=0,493 , jenis kelamin p=0,075 , Indeks Massa Tubuh p=0,505 , dan masa kerja p=1,000 menunjukkan tidak ada yang signifikan.Simpulan: Sebagian besar pekerja UMKM pembuatan alas kaki mempunyai postur kerja OAC 2 yang perlu tindakan perbaikan di masa yang akan datang, hanya pada bagian pola yang ditemukan postur kerja tidak baik.

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Background The high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in informal sector workers which one of the main factors is poor work posture. No work posture analysis has been done using OWAS method in footwear workers in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the work posture of footwear workers in small medium enterprise SME using OWAS method.Methods Cross sectional study with observation and documentation of footwear workers in SME Ciomas Bogor which then analyzed using OWAS method. The data collected were age, sex, weight, height, work period and type of task. Bivariate analysis was done by Chi Square test.Results Of 72 respondent data collected, 68 people meet the criteria. Based on the analysis with OWAS method, 95.6 of respondents had work posture with OWAS Action Category OAC 2, which most of the work position was sitting on the bench. This condition need improvement in the future. Only two of 68 respondents had poor work postures with an OAC 4, both working in the drawing section. The significance test of the relation between work posture with age p 0,493 , gender p 0,075 , Body Mass Index p 0,505 , and work period p 1,000 showed no significant.Conclusion Most SME footwear workers had OAC 2 work postures which need improvement in the future, poor work postures were found only in the drawing section."

"Tenaga kesehatan memegang peran penting pada kesehatan warga Indonesia. Namun, saat ini jumlah dokter di Indonesia bisa dibilang masih kurang. Menurut ikatan dokter indonesia (IDI), jumlah dokter umum yang ada saat ini berjumlah 129.772 orang sedangkan untuk dokter spesialis hanya ada sebanyak 36.552 orang. Dengan jumlah dokter ahli bedah yang sedikit dan penduduk indonesia yang sangat banyak, menuntut dokter-dokter tersebut untuk bisa menangani pasien secepat dan sebaik mungkin dengan waktu kerja yang panjang. Sehingga tidak jarang terjadinya pegal, sakit leher, sakit punggung ataupun penyakit Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD) lainnya yang dirasakan oleh para dokter ahli bedah, apalagi jika ada beberapa operasi yang dilaksanakan secara berurutan. Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie merupakan salah satu rumah sakit di Indonesia, tepatnya rumah sakit ini berada di Maluku Utara, Ternate. Pada RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie terdapat beberapa dokter ahli, diantaranya adalah 3 dokter ahli bedah umum, 1 dokter saraf, 1 dokter ortopedi dan 1 dokter tumor. Dimana operasi yang paling sering dilakukan adalah operasi laparotomi. Diantara operasi laparotomi, operasi yang paling sering dilakukan adalah operasi apendisitis perforasi. Dokter ahli bedah di RSUD Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie memiliki risiko WMSD berdasarkan nilai analisis yang didapatkan yaitu RULA mulai dari 4 hingga 6 dan REBA mulai dari 3 hingga 5 yang menunjukkan dokter ahli bedah memiliki risiko low hingga risiko medium saat melakukan operasi dengan postur kerja yang dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk membandingkan postur tubuh sebelum dan sesudah adanya perbaikan menggunakan perekaman postur dan membuktikan bahwa pelatihan merupakan solusi efektif.

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Health workers play an important role in the health of Indonesian citizens. However, currently the number of doctors in Indonesia is arguably still lacking. According to the Indonesian Doctors Association (IDI), the current number of general practitioners is 129,772 people, while for specialist doctors there are only 36,552 people. With a small number of surgeons and a very large population of Indonesia, it requires these doctors to be able to treat patients as quickly and as well as possible with long working hours. So that it is not uncommon for surgeons to experience aches, neck pain, back pain or other Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD), especially if there are several operations that are carried out sequentially. Regional General Hospital Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie is one of the hospitals in Indonesia, precisely this hospital is located in North Maluku, Ternate. At Regional General Hospital Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie there are several specialist doctors, including 3 general surgeons, 1 neurologist, 1 orthopedic doctor and 1 tumor doctor. The most common operation is laparotomy. Among laparotomy operations, the most frequently performed operation is perforated appendicitis. Surgeon at RSUD Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie has a risk of WMSD based on the analysis values ​​obtained, namely RULA ranging from 4 to 6 and REBA ranging from 3 to 5 which indicate the surgeon has a low to medium risk when performing surgery with the work posture performed. The study was conducted to compare the body posture before and after the improvement using posture recording and prove that training is an effective solution."

"Latar Belakang: Gangguan sendi temporomandibular (TMJD) merupakan penyebab utama nyeri non-odontogenik di regio oro-fasial. Diagnosis dini dari TMJD penting dilakukan, namun kesadaran diri akan TMJD masih terbilang rendah. TMJD juga terjadi pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi dengan persentase yang cukup tinggi, hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan kurangnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan. Tujuan: mengetahui sejauh mana pengetahuan dan kesadaran diri akan tanda dan gejala TMJD pada mahasiswa FKG UI dan melihat hubungan antara keduanya. Metode: Studi deskriptif potong lintang pada 617 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, dan tanda dan gejala TMJD yang pernah digunakan dalam penelitian terdahulu di India. Hasil: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan tingkat kesadaran diri akan tanda dan gejala TMJD. Namun terdapat korelasi positif antara angkatan dengan tingkat pengetahuan dan korelasi negatif antara angkatan dengan tingkat kesadaran diri. Tingkat pengetahuan dan kesadaran diri mayoritas mahasiswa tergolong sedang serta tanda dan gejala yang paling banyak pernah dirasakan oleh mahasiswa yaitu pengalaman mendengar suara dari TMJ saat membuka atau menutup mulut. Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi angkatan mahasiswa maka tingkat pengetahuan TMJD akan meningkat namun, tingkat kesadaran diri akan tanda dan gejala TMJD justru menurun.

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Background: Temporomandibular Joint Disorder (TMJD) is the main cause of non-odontogenic pain in oro-facial region. Early diagnosis of TMJD urge to be done, however the self-awareness of TMJD is usually low. TMJD also occurred among dentistry students with significant percentage, this could be associated with the lack of awareness and knowledge. Objective: To understand the level of knowledge and self-awareness regarding the sign and symptoms of TMJD and its relations of the dentistry student in University of Indonesia. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional was applied to 617 students using adapted questionnaire concerning knowledge, sign and symptoms of TMJD used by a similar study in India. Results: There is no association between knowledge level and self-awareness regarding the sign and symptoms of TMJD level. There is a positive correlation between student’s grade and the level of knowledge, however negative correlation appears between student’s grade and the level of self-awareness. The knowledge and self-awareness level among majority of students are moderate. The major sign and symptoms that mostly have ever felt by students is experiencing of noises within TMJ while opening or closing the jaw. Conclusion: Higher student’s grade tends to have higher TMJD knowledge level but lower TMJD sign and symptoms self-awareness level."

"Kameramen merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang akan memiliki peran penting dalam industri perfilman dan konten Over-The-Top (OTT). Dengan adanya tren peningkatan konsumsi film dan konten OTT, terutama di Indonesia, terdapat peningkatan permintaan pasar akan film dan konten OTT. Hal ini membuat kru produksi terutama kameramen menjadi korban atas keinginan production house untuk dapat memproduksi episode sebanyak-banyaknya. Dalam 6 hari kerja, kameramen dapat bekerja 12 jam non-stop ditambah banyaknya tekanan fisiologis dan lingkungan. Kondisi inilah yang sering kali menyebabkan kameramen mengalami insiden Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti melakukan analisis mengenai pekerjaan kameramen dengan metode Cornell Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnare (CMDQ) dan evaluasi terhadap postur kameramen pada saat pengambilan gambar menggunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) dan Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) untuk membandingkan postur tubuh sebelum dan sesudah adanya intervensi. Dengan adanya risiko WMSD terhadap postur kameramen, peneliti mengunakan framework Hazardous Manual Task Assessment dan Hierarchy of Control untuk mengetahui sumber risiko dan bentuk pengendaliannya. Dari penggunaan framework tersebut, dihasilkan beberapa kombinasi pengendalian risiko dengan mempertimbangkan biaya investasi dari pengimplementasian kombinasi tersebut. Melalui proyeksi penerapan kombinasi pengendalian risiko, peneliti melakukan analisis RULA dan REBA setelah adanya intervensi tersebut. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi pengendalian risiko dapat mengurangi risiko kameramen mengalamai WMSD dalam aktivitas pengambilan gambar.

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Cameraman is a job that have an important role in the film industry and Over-The-Top (OTT) content. With the increasing trend of film and OTT content consumption, especially in Indonesia, causing an increment of market demand on film and OTT content. However, the production crew especially the cameramen, often are victims of the production house's desire to be able to produce as many episodes as possible. In 6 working days, cameramen can work 12 hours non-stop coupled with physiological and environmental stress. This condition often causes cameramen to experience Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSD) incidents. Therefore, the researcher is trying to analyzed cameramen’s job using the Cornell Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire (CMDQ) method and evaluated the cameraman's posture at the time of shooting using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) methods to compare body postures before and after intervention during shooting activity on several postures. With the risk of WMSD on cameraman posture, Hazardous Manual Task Assessment framework and Hierarchy of Control are used to determine the source of risk and the form of control. From the use of these frameworks, several risk prevention methods combinations are generated by considering the investment costs of implementing these combinations. The researcher applied a combination of risks, performed RULA and REBA analysis after the intervention. Thus, it can be said that the combinations of risk control can reduce the risk of cameramen experiencing WMSD when shooting activity."