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"With a declining birthrate and an aging population, Japan is increasingly finding itself in deeper financial difficulties. Recognizing these conditions, the government is now examining a framework for maintaining fiscal sustainability, mainly at the Council of Economic and fiscal policy....."

"Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya voluntary self exclusion adalah karena alasan religiusitas. Sebagai contoh, negara OKI dengan mayoritas penduduk Muslim, memiliki tingkat inklusi keuangan lebih rendah dibandingkan rata – rata negara di dunia. Individu di negara OKI cenderung lebih religius, sehingga adanya kebutuhan yang lebih besar untuk layanan keuangan syariah. Industri keuangan syariah sendiri secara signifikan mengalami pertumbuhan selama satu dekade terakhir. Ditemukan juga bahwa negara OKI dengan perbankan syariah memiliki tingkat inklusi yang sedikit lebih tinggi. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh perkembangan keuangan syariah terhadap inklusi keuangan di 30 negara OKI pada tahun 2015 – 2022. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan syariah secara signifikan berpengaruh positif, meskipun kecil, terhadap inklusi keuangan. Dengan menggunakan metode penghitungan Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) oleh Sarma dan data Islamic Finance Development Indicator (IFDI), ditemukan juga adanya pengaruh signifikan antara GDP per kapita dan tingkat pengangguran terhadap inklusi keuangan.

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One of the factors contributing to voluntary self-exclusion is religious reasons. For example, in OIC countries, where the majority of the population is Muslim, the level of financial inclusion is lower compared to the global average. Individuals in OIC countries tend to be more religious, leading to a greater need for Islamic financial services. The Islamic finance industry itself has significantly grown over the past decade. It is also found that OIC countries with Islamic banking have slightly higher inclusion rates. Thus, this research aims to analyze the impact of Islamic financial development on financial inclusion in 30 OIC countries from 2015 to 2022. The results indicate that Islamic financial performance significantly and positively influences financial inclusion, albeit to a small extent. Using the Index of Financial Inclusion (IFI) method by Sarma and the Islamic Finance Development Indicator (IFDI) data, it was also found that there is a significant impact between GDP per capita and unemployment rate on financial inclusion."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pandemi covid-19 terhadap kinerja bank umum yang diukur berdasarkan profitabilitas bank yang di proyeksikan berdasarkan tingkat pengembalian aset dan tingkat pengembalian ekuitas dengan menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas variabel independen pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini terdiri atas variabel dependen yaitu profitabilitas bank yang digambarkan dengan perubahan pada pengembalian aset dan pengembalian ekuitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada model pengembalian aset tidak ada pengaruh signifikan antara pandemi covid-19 terhadap ROA. Sedangkan pada model pengembalian ekuitas, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel pandemi covid-19 terhadap ROE.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the performance of commercial banks as measured by bank profitability which is projected based on the rate of return on assets and the rate of return on equity using the panel data regression method. The variables used in this study consist of the independent variables of the Covid-19 pandemic. This study consists of the dependent variable, namely bank profitability, which is described by changes in return on assets and return on equity. The results of the study show that in the asset return model there is no significant effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on ROA. Meanwhile, in the equity return model, there is a significant influence between the Covid-19 pandemic variables on ROE."

"ABSTRAKPerkembangan financial technology turut mendorong pertumbuhan pada sektor keuangan di Indonesia, ditandai dengan semakin maraknya perusahaan penyedia layanan peer to peer (P2P) lending termasuk yang menyediakan layanan berbasis syariah. Namun dibanding perusahaan penyedia layanan konvensional, peer to peer (P2P) lending syariah tumbuh cenderung lambat. Hal ini berkontradiksi dengan banyaknya pengguna potensial dari penduduk muslim di Indonesia, termasuk para generasi milenial muslim. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) 2, penelitan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor berupa performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, price value, perceived risk, trust in platform, dan religiosity yang memengaruhi behavioral intention generasi milenial muslim dalam menggunakan P2P lending syariah. Hasil analisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa performance expectancy, social influence, price value, religiosity dan trust in platform terhadap behavioral intention penggunaan P2P lending syariah ditemukan signifikan. Di sisi lain, faktor effort expectancy, facilitating condition, dan perceived risk terhadap behavioral intention tidak ditemukan signifikian. Selain itu, terdapat temuan bahwa terdapat perbedaan karakteristik dan signifikansi pada dua kelompok responden. Secara umum, tingkat pengetahuan generasi milenial muslim dikategorikan paham, namun hal ini belum diimbangi dengan penggunaan P2P lending itu sendiri serta masih terkonsentrasinya pengguna pada penduduk di Pulau Jawa.

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ABSTRACTRapid development of financial technology has contributed to the growth of financial sector in Indonesia, as seen by the increasing number of peer to peer (P2P) lending providers, including those that provide sharia-based services. However, compared to conventional peer to peer (P2P) lending providers, Sharia peer (P2P) lending tends to grow more slowly. This condition contradicts with the fact that Indonesia has many potential users due to big number of Muslim population, including the millennial Muslim generations. By using The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) 2 as theoretical approach, this research aims to analyze factors which influences the behavioral intention of the millennial generation of Muslims in using sharia P2P lending, that consist of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, price value, perceived risk, trust in platform, and religiosity. The results based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis showed that performance expectancy, social influence, price value, religiosity and trust in the platform on the behavioral intention of using sharia P2P lending were found to be significant. On the other hand, the effort expectancy, facilitating condition, and perceived risk factors on behavioral intention are not found to be significant. In addition, characteristic and significance difference were found among two group of respondents. In general, the level of knowledge of the millennials of Muslims is categorized as understand of P2P lending existence, but this has not been followed with P2P lending usage itself. As an addition, the users of this service were found to still concentrated on Java Island."

"This research aimed to investigate leverage adjustment and financing behaviour when firm undergo investment project. It is found that firm adjust leverage in higher intensity when doing investment because of the low marginal cost. This finding suggest that firm seek optimum leverage for maximizing firm value. It is also found that firm have lower leverage when doing investment to maintain debt capacity, for future funding need. Company financing behaviour follow Pecking Order Hypothesis when doing investment. Firm issue equity at the end of the investment project when internal cashflow has reach minimum limit and debt capacity has reach maximum limit.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penyesuaian leverage dan perilaku pendanaan perusahaan pada saat menjalankan proyek investasi. Peneliti menemukan bahwa perusahaan menyesuaikan leverage dengan intensitas yang lebih tinggi pada saat melakukan investasi karena biaya marjinal yang lebih rendah. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa perusahaan berusaha untuk mencapai titik leverage optimum untuk memaksimalkan nilai perusahaan. Peneliti juga menemukan bahwa pada saat investasi, perusahaan memiliki tingkat leverage yang lebih rendah karena perusahaan berusaha untuk menjaga kapasitas utangnya, untuk membiayai kebutuhan investasi di masa yang akan datang. Perilaku pendanaan perusahaan pada masa investasi mengikuti Pecking Order Hypothesis, dimana pembiayaan dengan ekuitas eksternal dilakukan pada tahap akhir proyek yaitu saat internal cashflow sudah mencapai batas minimum, dan tingkat leverage sudah mencapai batas maksimal yang ditentukan perusahaan. "

"Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor-faktor (performance expectancy, effrt expectancy, subjective norm, facilitating conditions, price value, perceived security, dan perceived privacy) terhadap behavioral intention untuk menggunakan dompet digital pada generasi Z (lahir pada tahun 1997-2005) di Indonesia, khususnya wilayah Jabodetabek. Dalam penelitian ini, terdapat variabel financial awareness sebagai variabel moderasi yang dapat memperkuat atau memperlemah hubungan antara subjective norm dan price value terhadap behavioral intention. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 205 responden melalui survei cross sectional yang selanjutnya diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Method (PLS-SEM). Model penelitian ini merupakan hasil modifikasi UTAUT2 dengan menambahkan variabel perceived security, perceived privacy, dan financial awareness. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, dan price value berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap behavioral intention. Effort expectancy berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap behavioral intention. Subjective norm, perceived security, dan perceived privacy tidak berpengaruh terhadap behavioral intention. Terakhir, hubungan antara subjective norm dan price value terhadap behavioral intention tidak dimoderasi oleh financial awareness.

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This study aims to determine the influence of factors (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, subjective norm, facilitating conditions, price value, perceived security, and perceived privacy) on the behavioral intention to use a digital wallet in generation Z (born 1997-2005). ) in Indonesia, especially the Jabodetabek area. In this study, there is a financial awareness variable as a moderating variable that can strengthen or weaken the relationship between subjective norm and price values on behavioral intention. The data used in this study were 205 respondents through a cross-sectional survey which were then processed and analyzed using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Method (PLS-SEM). This research model is the result of modification of UTAUT2 by adding the variables perceived security, perceived privacy, and financial awareness. The results of this study indicate that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, and price value have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention. Effort expectancy has a negative and significant effect on behavioral intention. Subjective norm, perceived security, and perceived privacy have no effect on behavioral intention. Finally, the relationship between subjective norm and price values on behavioral intention is not moderated by financial awareness."