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"Recent international intervention in Afghanistan has reproduced familiar versions of the Afghan national story, from repeatedly doomed invasions to perpetual fault lines of ethnic division. Yet almost no attention has been paid to the ways in which Afghans have made sense of their history themselves. Radically questioning received ideas about how to understand Afghanistan, Afghan History Through Afghan Eyes asks how Afghan intellectuals, ideologues and ordinary people have understood their collective past. The book brings together the leading international specialists to focus on case studies of the Dari, Pashto and Uzbek histories which Afghans have produced in abundance since the formation of the Afghan state in the mid-eighteenth century. As crucial sources on Afghans own conceptions of state, society and culture, their writings help us understand the dominant and marginal, conflicting and changing, ways in which Afghans have understood the emergence of their own society and its relationships with the wider world. Based on new research in Afghan languages, Afghan History Through Afghan Eyes opens up entirely new perspectives on Afghan political, social and cultural life, providing penetrating insights into the master narratives behind domestic and international conflict in Afghanistan."

"Reproduction of authors political diary on the political developments from 1982 to 1985 in Afghanistan"

"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini menjelaskan tentang pembagian kekuasaan power-sharing sebagai upaya resolusi konflik untuk mengatasi konflik Pemilu Presiden Afghanistan tahun 2014. Berawal dari permasalahan bahwa Pemilu Presiden Afghanistan tahun 2014 berpotensi mendorong pada adanya konflik kekerasan setelah Independent Election Commission IEC mengumumkan perolehan suara awal putaran kedua yang menunjukkan kemenangan Ashraf Ghani mdash;kandidat beretnis Pashtun mdash;atas Abdullah Abdullah kandidat beretnis Tajik. Dari sini, muncul berbagai ancaman kekerasan dan ancaman pembentukan pemerintahan tandingan. Mengatasi hal ini pembagian kekuasaan power-sharing digunakan sebagai upaya resolusi konflik yang tidak menciptakan kondisi winner-takes-all. Abdullah Abdullah sebagai pihak yang kalah diberikan posisi jabatan baru bernama Chief Executive Officer CEO yang nantinya akan berkerja dengan Presiden, membagi kekuasaan di dalam National Unity Government NUG. Dengan menggunakan teori Power-sharing Model Konsosiasional milik Arend Lijphart, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kesepakatan power-sharing yang diformalkan pada Perjanjian tanggal 21 September 2014 ini sudah merefleksikan tiga komponen power-sharing berupa pembentukan koalisi besar, pemberian otonomi kepada masing-masing pihak berkonflik, dan penerapan asas proporsionalitas dalam pengalokasian pejabat pemerintah. Namun, penulis menemukan bahwa ketiga komponen ini belum terimplementasi sepenuhnya. Karenanya, power-sharing hanya menciptakan kondisi pada perdamaian negatif berhasil meredam konflik kekerasan; namun tidak menghilangkan ketidakadilan di dalam pemerintahan yang terbentuk.

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ABSTRACTThis research explains about power sharing as an effort of conflict resolution to resolve Afghanistan Presidential Election conflict in 2014. Starting from the issue that the Afghanistan Presidential Election 2014 has the potential to push for violent conflict after the Independent Election Commission IEC announced the initial vote of the second round which shows the victory of Ashraf Ghani a Pashtun candidate, over Abdullah Abdullah a Tajik ethnic candidate. From here, various threats of violence and the threat of forming a parallel government occurred. Overcoming this, power sharing is used as a conflict resolution effort that does not create winner takes all condition. Abdullah Abdullah as a losing party was given a new position named Chief Executive Officer CEO who will later work with the President, to share power within the National Unity Government NUG. By using Arend Lijphart 39 s Consociational Model of Power sharing theory, this study finds that the power sharing agreement formalized on September 21st 2014 reflects three components of power sharing such as the formation of a grand coalition, both autonomy to each conflicting party, and applying the principle of proportionality in the allocation of government officials. However, the author finds that these three components are not fully implemented yet. Thus, power sharing only creates a negative peace condition succeed in suppressing violent conflict yet it does not eliminate injustice within the established government. "

"Perang yang terjadi di Afghanistan akibat dari serangan 11 September 2001 telah menginspirasi Hollywood untuk memproduksi film yang sering menceritakan dan menstereotip komunitas Muslim di Amerika. Representasi yang ditampilkan pun berubah dari waktu ke waktu. Sekarang, Hollywood tidak lagi sepenuhnya menggambarkan tokoh Muslim sebagai musuh dari dunia barat. Contohnya, film 12 Strong (2018) adalah salah satu film yang menceritakan perang Afghanistan. Film ini dipuji karena terlihat menampilkan representasi Muslim yang baik. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari bagaimana tokoh Muslim bersatu dengan tentara Amerika melawan teroris. Artikel ini akan melihat lebih jauh bagaimana tokoh Muslim direpresentasikan dalam film 12 Strong menggunakan konsep Orientalisme Edward Said. Temuan dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa film ini menampilkan representasi yang bertolak belakang mengenai Muslim yang “baik” dan Muslim yang “buruk” dengan fokus utama yaitu Muslim pria. Karakterisasi Muslim yang “buruk” dikonstruksi dari gabungan sudut pandang Amerika dan Muslim Afghanistan, sedangkan karakterisasi Muslim yang “baik” dikonstruksi dari sudut pandang Amerika. Jadi, alih-alih memberikan representasi kritis Muslim dalam konteks Afghanistan, film ini mereproduksi narasi terpolarisasi yang mirip dengan film Hollywood sebelumnya.

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The war that took place in Afghanistan as a result of 9/11 event has inspired Hollywood to create many movies which often address and stereotype Muslim communities in the country. This representation, however, shifts from time to time. Nowadays, Hollywood no longer completely depicts Muslim characters as totally the opposite of the Western world. 12 Strong (2018), for example, is one of the Afghan war movies that is celebrated for presenting a seemingly positive Muslim representation. This is depicted in how the Muslim characters unite with the American characters in the film to fight terrorism. This essay seeks to further examine how Muslims are represented in 12 Strong by using Edward Said’s Orientalism –framework. Findings in this article demonstrate that the film produces a polarization of “good” Muslims and “bad” Muslims in which one is juxtaposed with the other and with an exclusive focus on Muslim men.  Furthermore, the characterization of the “bad” Muslims is constructed from a combination of the perspectives of the American characters and the Muslim Afghan characters, while the characterization of “good” Muslims in the film is constructed from the Americans’ point of view. Thus, instead of providing a critical representation of Muslims in an Afghan context, this film reproduces polarized narratives similar to previous Hollywood movies that depict Islam."

"Taliban merupakan organisasi yang telah memberikan dampak signifikan bagi masyarakat global. Berbagai tindakan yang telah dilakukan oleh Taliban tersendiri telah menyebabkan permasalahan keamanan dan politik bagi berbagai negara. Salah satu negara yang terdampak oleh eksistensi dari Taliban adalah Pakistan. Hubungan antara Pakistan dengan Taliban dapat dijelaskan secara historis melalui berbagai dukungan yang telah dilakukan oleh Pakistan yang diawali oleh pemberian suaka bagi korban Perang Afghanistan sampai dengan dukungan rekognisi dan militer yang telah dilakukan hingga saat ini. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini lebih jauh menganalisis bagaimana identitas membentuk hubungan antara kedua pihak ini. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi literatur dalam pencarian datanya. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori politik indentitas. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menekankan hubungan antara kelompok Taliban dengan Pakistan dalam bentuk hubungan berbasis identitas yang terlihat di masa pemerintahan Imran Khan di Pakistan dan kepentingan serta keuntungan politik berbasis geografi yang didapatkan oleh kedua negara.

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The Taliban is an organization that has had a significant impact on global society. Various actions that have been carried out by the Taliban themselves have caused security and political issues for various countries. One of the countries impacted by the existence of the Taliban is Pakistan. The relationship between Pakistan and the Taliban can be explained historically through the various forms of support that have been carried out by Pakistan, which began with the granting of asylum for victims of the Afghanistan War to the recognition and military support that has been carried out to date. Furthermore, this research further analyzes how identity shapes the relationship of these two entities to one another. The author uses a qualitative approach using literature studies in data searching. The theory used is the theory of identity politics. In this study, the author emphasizes the relationship between the Taliban and Pakistan in the form of an identity-based relationship seen during the reign of Imran Khan in Pakistan and geographic-based political interests and advantages obtained by the two countries."

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Indonesia dan Afganistan telah menjalin hubungan bilateral selama puluhan tahun, termasuk dalam bidang pendidikan. Salah satu bentuk kerja sama tersebut adalah pemberian beasiswa kepada mahasiswa Afganistan, yang dimulai sejak tahun 2017 hingga tahun 2023. Namun, program ini tidak selalu berjalan dengan baik. Tindakan pelanggaran keimigrasian menyebabkan terjadinya tindakan administrasi keimigrasian, yang akhirnya mengakibatkan deportasi para mahasiswa tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji maladministrasi dan ketahanan nasional terkait deportasi yang terjadi di Universitas Islam Syarif Hidayatullah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh para pemangku kebijakan guna mencegah terjadinya deportasi terhadap mahasiswa Afganistan penerima beasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif, yang mencakup tinjauan literatur, wawancara, dan observasi. Peneliti menggunakan teori dan konsep ketahanan nasional, teori soft power, serta collaborative governance untuk meneliti permasalahan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh terhadap ketahanan nasional, khususnya dalam aspek pertahanan keamanan dan sosial budaya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kebijakan untuk mencegah terjadinya maladministrasi tersebut demi terwujudnya ketahanan nasional di Indonesia.

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Indonesia and Afghanistan have maintained bilateral relations for decades, including in the field of education. One form of this cooperation is the provision of scholarships to Afghan students, which began in 2017 and continued until 2023. However, this program has not always run smoothly. Immigration violations have led to administrative immigration actions, ultimately resulting in the deportation of these students. This study examines maladministration and national resilience related to the deportations at Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The purpose of this research is to identify measures that policymakers can take to prevent the deportation of Afghan scholarship recipients. The research method used is qualitative, involving literature reviews, interviews, and observations. The researcher employs theories and concepts of national resilience, soft power theory, and collaborative governance to investigate this issue. The findings indicate an impact on national resilience, particularly in the aspects of security and socio-cultural defense. Therefore, policies are needed to prevent such maladministration to ensure national resilience in Indonesia. "