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"[ABSTRAKAdanya gugatan pembatalan penetapan pengangkatan anak menimbulkan suatu permasalahan, karena belum ada peraturan perundang ? undangan yang mengatur mengenai pembatalan pengangkatan anak. Akibatnya terdapat masalah lain masalah terkait dengan pembatalan penetapan pengangkatan anak ini yaitu akibat hukum dari pembatalan penetapan pengangkatan anak tersebut baik untuk anak angkat maupun orang tua angkatnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan yang bersifat yuridis normative dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Di Indonesia terdapat kekosongan hukum terkait dengan peraturan yang mengatur mengenai pembatalan pengangkatan anak. Akibat hukum dari pembatalan pengangkatan anak adalah bahwa suatu penetapan pengangkatan anak yang dahulunya ada dan berlaku menjadi hapus hal tersebut mengakibatkan segala sesuatu yang dahulu ada dianggap telah berakhir dan kembali ke keadaan semula seperti sebelum terjadi pengangkatan anak. Perlu dibuatkan suatu peraturan mengenai pengangkatan anak yang lengkap dan mengatur seluruh aspek dalam pengangkatan anak, salah satunya mengenai prosedur pembatalan pengangkatan anak beserta akibat hukumnya.ABSTRACTThe existence of the lawsuit determination of adoption raises a problem, because there are not yet laws about the cancellation of adoption. As a result, there are other problems associated with the issue of cancellation of adoption?s determination. The issue is the effect both child and adoptive parent?s cancellation of the determination of adoption. The method uses literature study juridical normative using secondary data. In Indonesia, there is a legal vacuum law with the regulation concerning the cancellation of adoption. The legal consequences of this cancellation is the children adoption?s determination who used to be there and then force deleted, it caused everything have expired and returned becoming original state as before the adoptions. This situation needs to make a regulation of adoption completely and manages all aspects of adoption; one of them is the cancellation procedure of adoption and its legal consequences.;The existence of the lawsuit determination of adoption raises a problem, because there are not yet laws about the cancellation of adoption. As a result, there are other problems associated with the issue of cancellation of adoption?s determination. The issue is the effect both child and adoptive parent?s cancellation of the determination of adoption. The method uses literature study juridical normative using secondary data. In Indonesia, there is a legal vacuum law with the regulation concerning the cancellation of adoption. The legal consequences of this cancellation is the children adoption?s determination who used to be there and then force deleted, it caused everything have expired and returned becoming original state as before the adoptions. This situation needs to make a regulation of adoption completely and manages all aspects of adoption; one of them is the cancellation procedure of adoption and its legal consequences., The existence of the lawsuit determination of adoption raises a problem, because there are not yet laws about the cancellation of adoption. As a result, there are other problems associated with the issue of cancellation of adoption’s determination. The issue is the effect both child and adoptive parent’s cancellation of the determination of adoption. The method uses literature study juridical normative using secondary data. In Indonesia, there is a legal vacuum law with the regulation concerning the cancellation of adoption. The legal consequences of this cancellation is the children adoption’s determination who used to be there and then force deleted, it caused everything have expired and returned becoming original state as before the adoptions. This situation needs to make a regulation of adoption completely and manages all aspects of adoption; one of them is the cancellation procedure of adoption and its legal consequences.]"

"Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana penyedia jasa konstruksi dapat dikenakan dalil perbuatan melawan hukum dalam perkara Putusan Nomor 40/PDT.G/2023/PN Mtr mengenai sengketa konstruksi berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUHperdata. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. Penulis menguraikan dan menganalisis tiga permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu pengaturan jenis-jenis penyelenggaraan jasa konstruksi di Indonesia, perbuatan melawan hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh penyedia jasa konstruksi dalam konsep hukum perdata, dan pertimbangan hakim dalam mengenakan dalil perbuatan melawan hukum kepada penyedia jasa konstruksi pada perkara putusan terkait. Terdapat tiga jenis usaha jasa konstruksi, yaitu jasa konsultansi konstruksi, pekerjaan konstruksi, dan pekerjaan konstruksi terintegrasi yang masing-masing memiliki kewajiban hukum berbeda-beda sesuai dengan layanan usaha yang diberikan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa perbuatan penyedia jasa konstruksi dalam suatu sengketa konstruksi dapat digugat dan diputus atas dasar perbuatan melawan hukum. Penyedia jasa konstruksi dapat dikatakan melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum karena telah melakukan kelalaian dan ketidak hati-hatian melanggar kewajiban hukumnya sebagaimana yang diatur dalam UU Jasa Konstruksi dan PP Pelaksana UUJK sehingga karenanya dapat dibebankan pertanggungjawaban untuk mengganti kerugian yang ditimbulkannya.

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This research analyses how construction service providers can be charged with tort in Case No. 40/PDT.G/2023/PN MTR regarding construction disputes based on Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code. This research is conducted using the doctrinal research method. The author describes and analyses three problems in this research, namely the regulation of the types of construction services in Indonesia, unlawful acts that can be committed by construction service providers in the concept of civil law, and the judge's consideration in imposing unlawful acts on construction service providers in related verdict cases. There are three types of construction services business, namely construction consultancy services, construction work, and integrated construction work, each of which has different legal obligations according to the business services provided. The results of this study show that the actions of construction service providers in a construction dispute can be sued and decided by tort.The construction service provider can be said to have committed a tort because it has committed negligence and imprudence in violating its legal obligations as stipulated in the Construction Services Law and the PP Implementing the UUJK so that it can be held liable to compensate for the losses caused."

"Surat keterangan waris merupakan akta pernyataan yang dibuat oleh ahli waris mengenai pewaris, yang dikeluarkan oleh notaris adalah suratnya bukan aktanya, yang mana isi dari surat keterangan waris mengenai pewaris dari semasa hidupnya sampai pewaris tersebut meninggal dunia. Ada tiga pejabat yang berwenang membuat surat keterangan ahli waris, yakni notaris bagi Golongan Tionghoa, Balai Harta Peninggalan (BHP) bagi golongan Timur Asing non Tionghoa atau dibuat sendiri oleh ahli waris di atas kertas dengan disaksikan oleh Lurah/Kepala Desa dan dikuatkan oleh Camat bagi golongan WNI Bumiputera. Apabila tidak diketahui secara pasti siapa saja ahli waris yang sah maka seringkali menimbulkan permasalahan atau gugatan sengketa waris di pengadilan dari ahli waris karena adanya keterangan yang tumpang-tindih didalam surat keterangan waris yang dibuat karena pemalsuan keterangan pada akta autentik, pemalsuan salinan akta maupun pengurangan dan perubahan isi minuta akta, meskipun dalam pembuatan akta autentik wajib disaksikan oleh saksi. Penulis menggunakan  penelitian yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan penelitian ini,  Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Notaris yang bersangkutan dapat dijadikan sebagai turut serta karena mengetahui bahwa keterangan yang terdapat didalam akta tersebut tidak memuat keadaan yang sebenarnya dan mengakibatkan akta tersebut menjadi batal demi hukum.

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The inheritance  certificate is a statement of deed made by the heir regarding the heir, which is issued by a notary is the letter is not the deed, which is the contents of the certificate of inheritance regarding the heir from his lifetime until the heir dies. There are three officials who are authorized to make a certificate of heirs, namely a notary for the Chinese Group, a Heritage Center (BHP) for non-Chinese Foreign Eastern groups or made by the heirs on paper witnessed by the Head of Village and strengthened by the sub-district head for group of Indonesians Bumiputera. If it is not known exactly who the legal heirs are, it often causes problems or inheritance disputes in the court of the heirs because of overlapping information in the inheritance certificate made due to falsification of information on authentic deeds, falsification of copies of deeds and deductions and changes to the contents of the minuta deed, even though the preparation of an authentic deed must be witnessed by the witness. The author uses normative juridical research. Based on this research, the author concludes that the Notary concerned can be used as a participant because he knows that the information contained in the deed does not contain the actual conditions and results in the deed becoming null and void by law."

"Persinggungan antara gugatan Perbuatan Melawan Hukum, gugatan Wanprestasi, dan tindak pidana penipuan terjadi karena pada dasarnya unsur dari masing-masing tiga perbuatan tersebut melarang dilakukannya perbuatan dengan unsur penipuan. Unsur penipuan dari segi perdata dapat ditemukan pengaturannya pada Pasal 1328 KUHPerdata, sedangkan dari segi pidana dapat ditemukan pada Pasal 378 KUHP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk membahas 2 (dua) pertanyaan penelitian: Pertama, mengenai persinggungan konsep antara pengajuan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum, gugatan wanprestasi, dan tindak pidana penipuan. Kedua, mengenai bagaimana konsep pengajuan gugatan keperdataan bila diterapkan terhadap perkara putusan Nomor 449K/Pid/2001. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Letak persinggungan antara pengajuan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum, gugatan wanprestasi dan tindak pidana penipuan ada pada perbuatan pelaku yang memiliki unsur penipuan (bedrog). Terhadap perkara NS permasalahan hukum yakni tidak terpenuhinya prestasi atas perjanjian pengadaan kayu yang dibuat oleh NS dengan YBJ. Maka terhadap perkara NS dapat dilakukan pengajuan gugatan perdata terhadap perkara NS.

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The intersection between a lawsuit against the law, a lawsuit for Default, and a criminal act of fraud occurs because basically, the elements of each of these three acts prohibit committing acts that contain elements of fraud. The element of fraud from a civil perspective can be found in Article 1328 of the civil code , while from a criminal perspective it can be found in Article 378 of the Criminal Code. This study uses a normative juridical method. This research was conducted to discuss 2 (two) research questions: First, regarding the intersection of concepts between filing a lawsuit against the law, a lawsuit for default, and a criminal act of fraud. Second, regarding how the concept of filing a civil lawsuit is applied to the case of decision Number 449K/Pid/2001. This study shows that the intersection between filing a lawsuit against the law, a lawsuit for default, and a criminal act of fraud is in the actions of the perpetrators who have elements of fraud (bedrog). In the case of NS, there are legal issues, namely the non-fulfillment of achievements in the timber procurement agreement made by NS and YBJ. Then the NS case can be filed a civil lawsuit against the NS case."