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"Faktor karakteristik usia, stadium kanker, jenis terapi, dan dukungan suami diprediksi telah memengaruhi timbulnya beragam permasalahan psikoseksual pada pasien kanker ginekologi dan kanker payudara. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi adanya hubungan karakteristik usia, stadium kanker, jenis terapi, dan dukungan suami dengan masalah psikoseksual pada pasien kanker ginekologi dan kanker payudara pasca terapi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional dengan desain penelitian korelatif dan dengan pendekatan analitis kategorik. Sebanyak 61 responden dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan signifikan antara jenis terapi dengan masalah psikoseksual (p= 0,049; α= 0,05). Namun, hasil menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara usia (p= 0,368; α= 0,05), stadium kanker (p= 0,636, α= 0,05), dan dukungan suami (p=0,172, α= 0,05) dengan masalah psikoseksual. Hasil penelitian menyarankan diperlukan pembahasan/penelitian dengan studi kohort lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan faktor karakteristik dengan masalah psikoseksual.

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Characteristic factors of age, cancer stage, types of treatment, and partner support has predicted influences psychosexual problems in patients with gynecological and breast cancer. This study aims to identify the assosiation of characteristics of age, stage of cancer, types of treatment, and partner support with psychosexual problems in post treatment gynecological and breast cancer patients. Cross-sectional study was used in this study. Study sample included 61 sample as respondents wich selected by consecutive sampling technique. The results showed that there was significant assosiation between types of treatment and psychosexual problem (p= 0.049; α= 0.05). But, there was no significant assosiation between age (p= 0.368, α = 0.05), cancer stage (p= 0.636, α= 0.05), and partner support (p= 0.172, α = 0.05) with psychosexual problem. Our findings suggest a need for cohort study to discusse later about the assosiation between the characteristics and psychosexual problems."

"Pendahuluan: Kanker serviks stadium IVB terdiri dari 2% kasus kanker serviks diseluruh dunia. Berdasarkan panduan yang ada, tatalaksana kanker serviks IVB bersifat paliatif. Radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap menjadi salah satu modalitas yang mungkin berperan dalam tatalaksana kanker serviks IVB. Sintasan keseluruhan kanker serviks IVB adalah 18% dalam 5 tahun. Sintasan keseluruhan dipengaruhi berbagai faktor prognostik. Studi ini menilai peran radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap pada kasus kanker serviks IVB dilihat dari sintasan keseluruhan dibandingkan dengan terapi lain sesuai pedoman, serta faktor prognostik untuk sintasan keseluruhan dari kanker serviks IVB. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain kohort retrospektif pada pasien kanker serviks IVB di Instalasi Pelayanan Terpadu Onkologi Radiasi (IPTOR) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta (RSCM) pada tahun 2017 hingga yang menyelesaikan terapi pada April 2022. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 27 dan Microsoft Excel. Faktor prognostik dinilai dengan uji multivariat cox-regression, sedangkan peran radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap dinilai dengan uji log-rank dan grafik Kaplan-meier. Dilakukan analisis subgrup pada pasien yang dilakukan radioterapi lokoregional untuk menilai peran brakiterapi dan kemoterapi konkuren. Studi ini sudah memperoleh persetujuan dari Komisi Etik Penelitian Kesehatan RSCM. Hasil: Terdapat 23 pasien pada lengan radioterapi dosis lengkap dan 52 pasien yang diberikan terapi lain. Radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap meningkatkan median sintasan keseluruhan hingga 15 bulan (22 vs 7 bulan, p=0.001), begitu juga dengan kemoterapi dosis penuh yaitu 14 bulan (22 vs 8 bulan, p=0.033). Brakiterapi dapat meningkatkan sintasan keseluruhan hingga 15 bulan (p=0.004). Radioterapi dosis lengkap (HR=0.24, p<0.001, 95%CI 0.11-0.55), kemoterapi dosis penuh (HR=0.13, p<0.050, 95%CI 0.02-1.00), dan hemoglobin <11g/dL (HR=2.44, p=0.022, 95%CI 1.14-5.21) merupakan faktor prognostik terhadap sintasan keseluruhan pada pasien kanker serviks IVB. Kesimpulan: Studi ini merupakan studi pertama di Indonesia yang membahas keluaran radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap pada sintasan keseluruhan pasien kanker serviks IVB. Radioterapi lokoregional dosis lengkap dengan brakiterapi (dilanjutkan dengan kemoterapi dosis penuh) dapat meningkatkan sintasan keseluruhan dan dapat menjadi salah.

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Introduction: Stage IVB (metastatic) cervical cancer comprises 2% of cervical cancer cases worldwide. Based on existing guidelines, the principal intent for stage IVB cervical cancer is palliative therapy. Complete dose locoregional radiotherapy is one of the modalities that may play a role in metastatic cervical cancer management. The 5-year overall survival of stage IVB cervical cancer is 18%. Various prognostic factors influenced overall survival. This study assessed the role of complete-dose locoregional radiotherapy in cases of metastatic cervical cancer in terms of overall survival compared to other therapies according to guidelines, as well as prognostic factors for overall survival of IVB cervical cancer. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design in IVB cervical cancer patients at the Instalasi Pelayanan Terpadu Onkologi Radiasi (IPTOR) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta (RSCM) in 2017 until completing therapy in April 2022. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 and Microsoft Excel. Cox-regression multivariate analysis is used to assess prognostic factors. The log-rank test and Kaplan-meier chart defined the role of complete-dose locoregional radiotherapy on overall survival. Subgroup analysis was performed on patients undergoing locoregional radiotherapy to assess the role of brachytherapy and concurrent chemotherapy. This study has received approval from the RSCM Health Research Ethics Commission. Results: 23 patients in the complete-dose radiotherapy arm & 52 others got other therapies. Complete-dose locoregional radiotherapy increased overall survival to 15 months (22 vs 7 months, p=0.001), as did full-dose chemotherapy, by 14 months (22 vs 8 months, p=0.033). Brachytherapy increased overall survival by up to 15 months (p=0.004). Complete-dose radiotherapy (HR=0.24, p<0.001, 95%CI 0.11-0.55), full-dose chemotherapy (HR=0.134, p<0.050, 95%CI 0.018-1.000), and hemoglobin <11g/dL (HR=2.44), p=0.022, 95%CI 1.14-5.21) are prognostic factors for overall survival in cervical cancer patients with IVB. Conclusion: This is the first study in Indonesia to discuss the outcome of complete-dose locoregional radiotherapy on the overall survival of IVB cervical cancer patients. Complete-dose locoregional radiotherapy with brachytherapy can improve overall survival. This therapy (followed by full-dose chemotherapy) can be considered as a new option for therapeutic modality for metastatic cervical cancer mangement."

"Selama menjalani pengobatan kanker payudara, pasien dan penyintas rentan mengalami psychological distress yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan mereka dalam menjalani pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana hubungan psychological distress dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dengan moderator dukungan sosial pada pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang melibatkan 129 pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara dari berbagai komunitas kanker payudara melalui teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa psychological distress berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan (t(127)= -4,722, p<0,05), di mana 14,3% varians dari skor kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dapat dijelaskan oleh psychological distress. Dukungan sosial secara signifikan berhubungan dengan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan (t(127)= 4,911, p < 0,05), di mana 15,3% varians dari skor kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan dapat dijelaskan oleh dukungan sosial. Hasil analisis interaksi antara dukungan sosial dan psychological distress ditemukan tidak dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan secara signifikan (t(127)=0,401, p>0,05), sehingga dukungan sosial tidak memoderatori hubungan antara psychological distress dan kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan pada pasien dan penyintas kanker payudara.

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During breast cancer treatment, patients and survivors are prone to experiencing psychological distressm which can affect their adherence in undergoing treatment. This study aims to see the relationship between psychological distress and adherence to treatment with social support as a moderator in breast cancer patients and survivors. This research is a quantitative study involving 129 patients and survivors of breast cancer from various breast cancer communities through purposive sampling techniques. The results of this study indicate that psychological distress is significantly correlated to adherence to treatment (t(127) = -4.722, p <0.05), where 14.3% of treatment adherence variance can be explained by psychological distress. Social support was significantly correlated to adherence to treatment (t(127) = 4.911, p<0.05), where 15.3% of treatment adherence variance could be explained by social support. Statistical analysis found that the interaction between social support and psychological distress could not significantly affect adherence (t(127) = 0.401, p> 0.05), so social support did not moderate the relationship between psychological distress and adherence to treatment in patients and survivors of breast cancer."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: EORTC menekankan pentingnya menilai kualitas hidup pasien kanker. Saat ini, di Indonesia, belum ada kuesioner yang reliabel dan valid untuk menilai kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara secara akurat. Tujuan: membuktikan bahwa EORTC-QLQ-BR23 merupakan kuesioner yang reliabel dan valid digunakan di Indonesia Metode: Penelitian dimulai dengan menerjemahkan EORTC-QLQ-BR23 ke dalam bahasa Indonesia dan kemudian diujicobakan pada 10 responden. Setelah itu, EORTC QLQ-BR23 hasil terjemahan digunakan pada penelitian utama. Test-retest dinilai dengan Intraclass Correlation Coeficient (ICC). Konsistensi internal dinilai dengan cronbach alpha. Construct validity dinilai dengan multi-trait scaling analysis. Validitas kriteria dinilai dengan melihat korelasi antara domain EORTC-QLQ-C30 dan EORTC-QLQ-BR23 dengan SF36. Hasil: Telah dilakukan pengambilan data terhadap 100 pasien kanker payudara dari September ? Oktober 2015. Nilai ICC (interval 1 jam) pada semua domain sangat baik (ICC > 0,8). Nilai cronbach alpha > 0,7 pada hampir semua domain. Multi-trait scaling analysis menunjukkan korelasi cukup tinggi antara skor pertanyaan dengan skor domainnya sendiri. Uji validitas kriteria, didapatkan 19 korelasi dengan r > 0,3 antara domain EORTC-QLQ-C30 dan EORTC-QLQ-BR23 dengan SF36. Simpulan: EORTC-QLQ-BR23 merupakan kuesioner yang reliabel dan valid digunakan di Indonesia.ABSTRACT Background: EORTC emphasize the importance of assessing quality of life in cancer patients. In Indonesia, there has been no reliable and valid questionnaire to assess quality of life of breast cancer patients accurately. Objective: To prove that EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is reliable and valid questionnaire used in Indonesia. Methods: Study began with the EORTC-QLQ-BR23 translated into Indonesian and then tested on 10 respondents. Indonesian version of EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is used in main study. Test-retest was assessed with intraclass correlation coeficient (ICC). Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha. Construct validity was assessed by multi-trait scaling analysis. Criteria validity assessed by looking at correlation between EORTC-QLQ-C30 and EORTC-QLQ-BR23 with SF36. Results: Data collection were done on 100 breast cancer patients from September to October 2015. ICC value (1 hour interval) in all domains of EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is very good (ICC> 0.8). Cronbach alpha values >0.7 in almost all EORTC-QLQ-BR23 domains. Multi-trait scaling analysis showed a high correlation between scores of questions with a score of his own domain. Criteria validity test, obtained 19 correlation with r>0,3 between domains EORTC-QLQ-C30 and EORTC-QLQ-BR23 with SF36. Conclusion: EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is a reliable and valid questionnaire used in Indonesia.;Background: EORTC emphasize the importance of assessing quality of life in cancer patients. In Indonesia, there has been no reliable and valid questionnaire to assess quality of life of breast cancer patients accurately. Objective: To prove that EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is reliable and valid questionnaire used in Indonesia. Methods: Study began with the EORTC-QLQ-BR23 translated into Indonesian and then tested on 10 respondents. Indonesian version of EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is used in main study. Test-retest was assessed with intraclass correlation coeficient (ICC). Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha. Construct validity was assessed by multi-trait scaling analysis. Criteria validity assessed by looking at correlation between EORTC-QLQ-C30 and EORTC-QLQ-BR23 with SF36. Results: Data collection were done on 100 breast cancer patients from September to October 2015. ICC value (1 hour interval) in all domains of EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is very good (ICC> 0.8). Cronbach alpha values >0.7 in almost all EORTC-QLQ-BR23 domains. Multi-trait scaling analysis showed a high correlation between scores of questions with a score of his own domain. Criteria validity test, obtained 19 correlation with r>0,3 between domains EORTC-QLQ-C30 and EORTC-QLQ-BR23 with SF36. Conclusion: EORTC-QLQ-BR23 is a reliable and valid questionnaire used in Indonesia."

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Latar Belakang : Malnutrisi sering ditemukan pada pasien kanker ovarium dengan prevalensi 67% dan dapat memperburuk luaran pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi malnutrisi dan hubungan antara malnutrisi dengan lama rawat inap dan faktor pembedahan pada pasien kanker ovarium yang menjalani prosedur tersebut di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta.

Metode : Penelitian analitik observational dengan desain potong lintang pada 59 pasien yang menjalani pembedahan selama bulan Juli 2018-Maret 2019. Status malnutrisi dinilai dengan metode Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment dan faktor pembedahan yang dinilai mencakup durasi pembedahan, besar tumor, dan perdarahan selama pembedahan.

Hasil : Prevalensi malnutrisi pasien kanker ovarium 78% dengan malnutrisi sedang 42,4% dan malnutrisi berat 35,6%. Rerata lama rawat inap 8 hari dan setelah dilakukan analisis didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara status malnutrisi dengan lama rawat inap, besar tumor, dan perdarahan selama pembedahan.

Kesimpulan : Prevalensi malnutrisi pada pasien kanker ovarium cukup tinggi dan dapat memperpanjang lama rawat inap dan meningkatkan jumlah perdarahan saat pembedahan.

Kata kunci:

Kanker ovarium, malnutrisi, lama rawat inap, faktor pembedahan.

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Introduction : Malnutrition could be easily found in ovarian cancer with prevalence 67% and responsible for patient’s outcome worsening. The objective of this study was to identify malnutrition prevalence and correlation between malnutrition status and length of stay and surgical factors in ovarian cancer patients undergo surgery at National Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta.

Method: A cross sectional study conducted with 59 patients undergo surgery during July 2018-March 2019. The nutritional status was classified as well-nourished and moderate/severe malnutrition, according to the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and surgery factors including length of surgery, size of tumor, and blood loss during surgery.

Results: The prevalence of malnutrition was 78%, being classified as moderate in 42,4% and severe in 35,6%. Median of length of stay was 8 days. After statistical analysis, malnutrition was associated with length of stay , size of tumor, and blood loss during surgery.

Conclusion: There was observed a high prevalence of malnutrition in ovarian cancer and could lengthen length of stay and increase blood loss during surgery.

Keywords:

Ovarian cancer, malnutrition, length of stay, surgical factor.

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"Latar Belakang: Pada tahun 2012, lebih dari 50% pasien kanker payudara di RSCM berada pada stadium lanjut. Five years survival pasien kanker payudara stadium 3 sebesar 72% sedangkan pada stadium 4 hanya 22% meski telah mendapat terapi adekuat. Neoangiogenesis merupakan faktor biologimolekuler yang paling berperan dalam survival rate pasien kanker. Terdapat banyak marker terjadinya neoangiogensis di manusia, namun hanya CD105 yang spesifik menandakan angiogenesis intratumoral. Metode penelitian: Dilakukan studi kohort retrospektif analitik menggunakan 32 data rekam medis pasien RS Kanker Dharmais dari tahun 2011 – 2014 yang telah dipilih secara random. Sediaan sel kanker dari pasien dibuat blok parafin dan dibaca lalu dilakukan analisis univariate dan multivariat memakai SPSS versi 17.0 dan MedCalc. Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat antara ekspresi CD105 dengan survival rate adalah: crude HR 1,724 (IK 95% 0,693-4,288) dengan nilai p= 0,241. Median survival kelompok ekspresi CD105 positif 1113 hari dan kelompok CD105 negatif 794 hari. Dilihat dari klinikopatologi, didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara usia dan ekspresi CD105 (p= 0,034). Terdapat lebih banyak subjek dengan CD105 negatif dibanding yang positif baik pada grade 3B maupun 4 (69% dan 63,3%). Terdapat hubungan terbalik antara ekspresi CD105 dengan reseptor hormonal dan hubungan antara ekspresi PR dengan ekspresi CD105 (p = 0,042) serta terdapat hubungan positif antara ekspresi HER2 dengan CD105. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini, CD105 belum dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prognostik pada pasien kanker payudara stadium lanjut, namun CD105 yang tinggi memiliki survival yang lebih rendah dibanding dengan CD105 rendah, serta ditemukan hubungan antara ekspresi CD105 dengan usia dan PR.

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Background: In 2012, more than 50% of breast cancer patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital were advanced breast cancer patients. Stage 3 breast cancer patients have five years survival rate by 72%, while whose in stage 4 only by 22% even after receiving adequate treatment. Neoangiogenesis is the most important biomolecular factor which affect the survival rate of cancer patients. There are many angiogensis maker which has proven can describe neoangiogenesis occurrence ini human body, but only CD105, which is specifically describe the intratumoral angiogenesis occurence.

Methods: We studied a retrospective cohort analytic uses 32 randomized datas from patient medical records Dharmais Cancer Hospital from year 2011 - 2014 for the survival analysis and prognostic factors. The preparate of the patient's cancer cells were made into paraffin blocks and and the results analized using univariate and multivariate analysis taking SPSS version 17.0 and medcalc.

Results: The results of the bivariate analysis between the expression of CD105 with the survival rate is: crude HR 1.724 (95% CI 0.693 to 4.288), with p = 0.241. Median survival of CD105 positive group is 1113 when the negative group was 794 days. From the clinicopathologic side, there was a significant relationship between age and CD105 expression (p = 0.034). There is far more subject to the negative than positive CD105 either on grade 3B and 4 (69% and 63.3%). There is an inverse relationship between the expression of CD105 with hormonal receptors and the relationship between the expression of CD105 with PR expression was statistically significant (p = 0.042), meanwhile there’s positive relation between HER2 and CD105 expression.

Conclusion: In this experiment, CD105 cannot be used as prognostic factor in late stage breast cancer patients, but patients with high CD105 has lower survival rate than the low CD105 ones. There are significant relationship between CD105 expression with age and PR."

"ABSTRAKKualitas hidup merupakan salah satu parameter keberhasilan intervensi keperawatan padapenyakit kronik, terutama kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaankualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara dan kanker ginekologi. Desain penelitian ini adalahdeskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional, dan jumlah sampel 96 responden untukmasing-masing kelompok data. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah consecutive sampling dananalisa data distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata kualitashidup responden kanker payudara adalah 66,49; ginekologi 59,04, skor tertinggi kategoriskala fungsional pada kanker payudara adalah fungsi peran 40,55; ginekologi fungsi sosial82,60, skala gejala pada kanker payudara adalah diare 92,70; ginekologi dypsnoea 89,23.Skor tertinggi pada aspek seksual kanker payudara pada kepuasan seksual dan kecemasanseksual 48,26 dan 82,27;ginekologi 89,93 dan 89,23. Penelitian ini merekomendasikankepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk meneliti perbedaan rerata nilai mean pada setiap skala itemdi kuesioner.Kata kunci: kualitas hidup, kanker payudara, kanker ginekologi.

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ABSTRACTQuality of life is one of the parameters of the success of nursing interventions on chronicdiseases, especially cancer. This study aims to determine differences in the quality of life ofpatients with breast cancer and gynecologic cancer. This study was a descriptive crosssectional approach, and the number of samples 96 respondents for each group of data. Thesampling technique is consecutive sampling and analysis of the frequency distribution data.The results showed that the average score of respondents quality of life of breast cancer was66.49; gynecology 59.04, the highest score in the category of functional scale breast canceris the function of the role of 40.55; 82.60 gynecology social function, scale symptoms inbreast cancer were diarrhea 92.70; gynecology was dypsnoea 89.23. The highest scores onthe sexual aspects of breast cancer in sexual enjoyment and sexual anxiety 48.26 and 82.27;gynecology 89.93 and 89.23. The study recommends further research to examine thedifferences between the mean value of the mean on each scale item in the questionnaire."

"[ABSTRAKKanker payudara merupakan kanker yang paling banyak diderita oleh kaum perempuan di Indonesia. Kanker dianggap penyakit yang sulit disembuhkan, dekat dengan kematian, mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari, dan mengubah penampilan fisik seseorang. Penderita kanker payudara dapat memiliki masalah pada aspek psikologisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah ada hubungan antara kanker payudara dan karakteristik responden dengan aspek psikososial pada penderita kanker payudara. Jumlah responden penelitian ini sebanyak 44 orang dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir semua variabel dari kanker payudara dan karakteristik responden tidak berhubungan dengan depresi, ansietas, dan stres, namun ditemukan adanya hubungan antara pendidikan dengan ansietas (nilai p=0,041). Secara umum, penderita sudah mampu beradaptasi dengan baik terhadap penyakitnya. Pelatihan dan kebijakan untuk mengkaji dan mengatasi masalah psikososial oleh perawat perlu dilakukan agar dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikososial penderita. Untuk selanjutnya, penelitian dapat difokuskan pada ansietas sebagai masalah psikososial yang paling menonjol pada penderita kanker payudara.

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ABSTRACT

;Breast cancer is the most kind of cancer that occured in women in Indonesia. Cancer is concerned as uncurable disease, gate of death, disturbance of activities, and problem in physical appearance. Breast cancer patients may have psychological problems. This aim of study is to see the correlations between breast cancer and participants? characteristics with psychosocial aspects. The amount of participants is 44, while this study uses cross-sectional design. The result is almost all of variables do not correlate to depression, anxiety, and stress, meanwhile there is a correlation between education and anxiety (p value=0,041). Generally, patients are able to adapt with their illness even though there are some psychosocial problems sometimes that fortunately do not disturb their activity. Training and program about assessing and overcoming psychosicial problems should be done by nurses to increase patients? psychosocial wellbeing. For further research, anxiety as the most prominent psychosocial problems in breast cancer patients can be studied., Breast cancer is the most kind of cancer that occured in women in Indonesia. Cancer is concerned as uncurable disease, gate of death, disturbance of activities, and problem in physical appearance. Breast cancer patients may have psychological problems. This aim of study is to see the correlations between breast cancer and participants’ characteristics with psychosocial aspects. The amount of participants is 44, while this study uses cross-sectional design. The result is almost all of variables do not correlate to depression, anxiety, and stress, meanwhile there is a correlation between education and anxiety (p value=0,041). Generally, patients are able to adapt with their illness even though there are some psychosocial problems sometimes that fortunately do not disturb their activity. Training and program about assessing and overcoming psychosicial problems should be done by nurses to increase patients’ psychosocial wellbeing. For further research, anxiety as the most prominent psychosocial problems in breast cancer patients can be studied.]"

"Latar Belakang: Proktitis radiasi merupakan komplikasi yang sering dijumpai akibat terapi radiasi pada pasien keganasan pelvis. Berbeda dengan proktitis radiasi akut yang umumnya self-limiting, proktitis radiasi kronik (PRK) dapat berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas hidup dan meningkatnya biaya kesehatan, morbiditas, dan bahkan mortalitas pasien. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi insidens dan faktor-faktor risiko terjadinya PRK pada pasien kanker leher rahim (KLR) yang mendapatkan terapi radiasi. Metode: Dilakukan analisis retrospektif pada pasien-pasien KLR yang mendapatkan terapi radiasi di Departemen Radioterapi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia/Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta selama kurun waktu 1 Januari 2010 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2010. Data mengenai pasien, faktor yang berhubungan dengan terapi radiasi, dan PRK akibat komplikasi lanjut dari terapi radiasi dikumpulkan dari catatan medik pasien. Hasil: Selama periode tersebut, terdapat 234 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Dengan median follow-up selama 30 bulan, didapatkan 12 pasien [5,1% (IK 95% 2,28-7,92%)] mengalami PRK (6 proktitis, 6 proktosigmoiditis). PRK terjadi pada 7-29 bulan setelah terapi radiasi selesai (median 14,5 bulan) dan 87% dari seluruh PRK terjadi dalam 24 bulan pertama setelah terapi radiasi. Dengan analisis multivariat Cox regresi, didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara dosis total radiasi yang diterima rektum >65 Gy (HR 7,96; IK 95% 2,30-27,50; p=0,001) dan usia ≥60 tahun (HR 5,42; IK 95% 1,65-17,86; p=0,005) dengan terjadinya PRK. Tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara teknik radiasi 2 dimensional external radiation therapy (2D-XRT) (HR 1,36; IK 95% 0,41-4,51; p=0,616), riwayat histerektomi (HR 1,14; IK 95% 0,34-3,79; p=0,83), dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) <18,5 kg/m2 (HR 2,34; IK 95% 0,51-10,70; p=0,265) dengan terjadinya PRK. Simpulan: Insidens kumulatif PRK selama 3 tahun pada pasien KLR yang mendapatkan terapi radiasi adalah 5,1% (IK 95% 2,28-7,92%). Dosis total radiasi yang diterima rektum >65 Gy dan usia ≥60 tahun merupakan faktor risiko potensial terjadinya PRK pada pasien KLR yang mendapatkan terapi radiasi. Teknik radiasi 2D-XRT, riwayat histerektomi, dan IMT <18,5 kg/m2 belum dapat dibuktikan sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya PRK pada pasien KLR yang mendapatkan terapi radiasi.

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Background: Radiation proctitis is frequently occured as a complication of radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies. Unlike acute radiation proctitis that is usually self-limiting, chronic radiation proctitis (CRP) can impact on quality of life and increase health cost, morbidity, and even mortality of the patients.

Aims: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of CRP after radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: A detailed retrospective analysis was performed on CC patients who had radiotherapy at the Department of Radiotherapy Faculty of Medicine, The University of Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from 1st January to 31st December 2010. Data on patient, treatment-related factors, as well as CRP as late complication of radiotherapy were collected from patients’ medical records.

Results: During that period of time, 234 patients met the criteria for this study. With a median follow-up of 30 months, 12 patients [5,1% (CI 95% 2,28-7,92%)] developed CRP (6 proctitis, 6 proctosigmoiditis). CRP occured 7-29 months after completion of radiotherapy (median 14,5 months) and 87% of all CRP occured within 24 months after radiotherapy. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated significant association between the total rectal-received dose >65 Gy (HR 7,96; CI 95% 2,30-27,50; p=0,001) and age ≥60 years (HR 5,42; CI 95% 1,65-17,86; p=0,005) and the occurrence of CRP. There was no significant association between 2 dimensional external radiation therapy (2D-XRT) technique (HR 1,36; CI 95% 0,41-4,51; p=0,616), history of hysterectomy (HR 1,14; CI 95% 0,34-3,79; p=0,83), and body mass index (BMI) <18,5 kg/m2 (HR 2,34; CI 95% 0,51-10,70; p=0,265) and the occurrence of CRP.

Conclusions: The 3 years cumulative incidence of CRP after radiotherapy in patients with CC is 5,1% (CI 95% 2,28-7,92%). The total rectal-received dose >65 Gy and age ≥60 years are the potential risk factors of CRP after radiotherapy in CC patients. The 2D-XRT technique, history of hysterectomy, and BMI <18,5 kg/m2 have not been proven as the risk factors of CRP after radiotherapy in CC patients."

"Diagnosis kanker adalah peristiwa yang sulit untuk dihadapi. Kanker sebagai Penyakit kronis yang bisa berakibat fatal membuat penderita kanker payudara merasakan cemas dan khawatir tentang masa depan mereka. Pengobatan tidak dilakukan yang mudah untuk dilalui, banyak pasien kanker payudara merasa kewalahan pengobatan yang harus dilakukan. Stres yang timbul dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien, yang dapat mengganggu proses pengobatan dan pemulihan. Pasien kanker payudara perlu mendapat dukungan sosial yang tepat untuk membantu pasien masuk proses pengobatan penyakit. Studi ini melihat hubungan antara dukungan yang dirasakan sosial dan kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara. Responden penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang pasien kanker payudara yang sedang menjalani proses pengobatan. Pasien diminta mengisi alat ukur Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) dan WHOQOL-BREF. Hasil analisis metode korelasi antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan kualitas hidup menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan (r = 0.195, p <0.05). Hubungan dukungan sosial yang dirasakan dan kualitas hidup tidak signifikan secara statistik.

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A cancer diagnosis is a difficult event to know. Cancer as a chronic disease that can be fatal makes breast cancer sufferers feel anxious and worried about their future. Treatment is not easy to pass, many breast cancer patients feel overwhelmed by what to do. The road that arises can affect a patient's quality of life, which can interfere with treatment and recovery. Breast cancer patients need to receive appropriate social support to help patients enter disease treatment process. This study looked at the relationship between perceived support and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Research respondents were 60 breast cancer patients who were undergoing the treatment process. Patients serve to fill in the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and WHOQOL-BREF measuring instrument. The results of the analysis method assume the perception of social support and

quality of life showed insignificant results (r = 0.195, p <0.05). The relationship between perceived social support and quality of life was not statistically significant.

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