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"Tesis ini membahas mengenai efek limpahan risiko likuiditas yang terdapat pada Pasar Saham regional dengan mengambil sampel pada saham-saham yang memiliki kapitalisasi besar dimasing-masing negara. Pasar Saham Regional yang digunakan pada tesis ini adalah Pasar Saham ASEAN yaitu Filipina, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapura dan Thailand serta Pasar Saham Hongkong dan Jepang sebagai salah satu pasar saham yang memiliki kapitalisasi terbesar didunia.Tesis ini menggunakan 3 ukuran likuiditas yakni Amihud Illiquidity Ratio, Relative Bid-Ask Spread serta Corwin-Schultz High Low Spread dimana hasil dari setiap ukuran akan diestimasi dengan menggunakan Multivariate GARCH ? Full BEKK untuk melihat adanya efek limpahan Risiko likuiditas dari masing-masing metode pengukuran likuiditas. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa untuk semua pengukuran likuiditas dapat dilihat adanya efek limpahan Risiko likuiditas antar negara yang diamati dipasar Regional dan membuktikan bahwa selain tingkat imbal hasil saham (return), ternyata likuiditas juga merupakan salah satu faktor yang memiliki efek limpahan di pasar saham regional.

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This thesis discusses the effect that there is an abundance of liquidity risk or illiquidity on a regional stock markets by taking samples at stocks that have a large capitalization in each country. Regional stock markets that are used in this thesis are the ASEAN Stock Market: Philippine, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand as well as Hong Kong and Japan Stock Market as one of the world's stock market which has the largest stock capitalization.This thesis uses 3 liquidity measures which are Amihud illiquidity measure, Relative Bid - Ask Spread and Corwin Schultz High - Low Spread in which the results of all the measurement will be estimated using the multivariate GARCH - Full BEKK to see the effects of liquidity risk abundance. The results of the study found that for all liquidity measures, it can be seen a illiquidity spillover effects that observed between countries and regional markets which proves that liquidity is also one of the factors that have an effect on the abundance of regional stock market beside stock market return."

"College students are intellectuals that are expected to become agents of change in the future. Academic knowledge that they receive while in college will be very useful when they enter community life....."

"Pengaruh laporan keuangan terhadap saham perusahaan telah menjadi isu sentral dalam penelitian bidang akuntansi dan keuangan. Beberapa studi menemukan bahwa informasi keuangan sangat berpengaruh terhadap pengambilan keputusan investasi. Informasi keuangan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur risiko.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur secara empiris kemampuan informasi fundamental perusahaan dan makro ekonomi dalam memprediksi risiko perusahaan yang didasari oleh penelitian B-K-S. Analisa dilakukan terhadap sembilan variabel fundamental dan makro ekonomi untuk melihat pengaruhnya masing-masing terhadap risiko sistimatis (beta). Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan seluruh sampel perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Jakarta (BEJ) untuk periode 1998 sampai dengan 2001.Untuk mengukur beta perusahaan digunakan model pasar dan regresi time series. Beta yang dipilih adalah beta yang positif dan signifikan sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai proksi untuk mengukur risiko sistimatis (beta). Beta diukur sebagai koefisien regresi, dimana variabel terikatnya adalah return saham sedangkan variabel bebasnya adalah return portfolio pasar.Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa dengan menggunakan regresi linier cross sectional. Di mana hasil yang diperoleh temyata liquidity pengaruhnya signifikan dan negatif terhadap beta sedangkan earning variability dan DER pengaruhnya signifikan dan positif terhadap beta. Untuk tingkat pertumbuhan aktiva, operating leverage, log ME, log ME/BE, cyclicality dan coefficient variation in operating income pengaruhnya tidak signifikan."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh dari tingkat suku bunga di Indonesia terhadap perilaku pengambilan risiko pada bank bank umum di Indonesia yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2004 ? 2012 semiannual, sesuai dengan fenomena yang terjadi pada bank di negara negara Eropa. Pengukuran risiko akan dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu dari Risk Weighted Asset (Asset Tertimbang Menurut Risiko), Non Performing Loan (Kredit Macet), dan Z-Score . Sementara itu pengukuran tingkat suku bunga juga akan dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu Short-Term Rate (tingkat jangka pendek), Long-Term Rate (tingkat jangka panjang) dan Central Bank Rate (tingkat bank sentral). Tujuan pembagian kedalam ketiga ukuran tersebut adalah untuk melihat pengaruh tingkat suku bunga yang lebih konsistent, serta melihat pengaruhnya terhadap ketiga alat ukur risiko yang berbeda beda. Selain variabel variabel tersebut, model ini akan disertakan juga variabel variabel kontrol untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel kontrol tersebut terhadap perilaku pengambilan risiko bank tersebut, serta untuk memperbaiki model penelitian. Dan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode regresi data panel.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa benar terdapat pengaruh dari tingkat suku bunga terhadap perilaku pengambilan risiko pada bank bank Indonesia. Hal tersebut terlihat dari variabel short-term rate, long-term rate dan central bank rate yang memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap risk weighted asset suatu bank. Namun sebaliknya, tiga suku bunga ini memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap non performing loan suatu bank. Dan juga masing-masing suku bunga memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap z- score suatu bank. Yang mengartikan bahwa ketiga alat ukur tingkat suku bunga memiliki arah pengaruh yang konsisten dalam mempengaruhi satu ukuran risikonya. Selain itu, variabel kontrol ROA memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap risk weighted asset, namun memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap non performing loan, dan zscore bank tersebut. Sementara itu variabel capitalization (kapitalisasi pasar), dan loan deposit ratio (pertumbuhan pinjaman bank) memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap risk weighted asset, non performing loan serta z score. Disisi lain, variabel size (ukuran bank) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risk weighted asset dan non performing loan bank di Indonesia.

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This study aims to analyze and determine whether there is influence of interest rates in Indonesia against the risk taking behavior of commercial banks in Indonesia that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2004 - 2012 taken semiannualy. This research shows more Indonesia?s market perpectives by comparison with the phenomena that occur on the banks in European countries. Risk measurement will be divided into Risk Weighted Assets, Non-Performing Loans, and Z-Score. Where the measurement of interest rate will be divided into Short-Term Rate, Long-Term Rate and the Central Bank Rate. Both independent variable and dependent variable are divided to three measurement analyze whether the three interest rate measurement have a consistent effect to each of the three different risk measurement. In addition, the model will also be included control variables to determine the effect of the control variables of the bank's risk-taking behavior, as well as to focus the research model enhancement. This research use Panel Data Regression.

The result of this study primarily examined the effect of the interest rate on risk-taking behavior in Indonesian banks. As a result, the short-term variable rate, long-term rate and the central bank rate has a significant negative effect on a bank's risk-weighted assets. Whereas, these 3 variables have a significant positive effect on a bank's nonperforming loans. And also these independent variable have a significant positive effect on the z-score of a bank. Which means that all the interest rate measurement have a consistent direction of effect in influencing the size of the risk. In addition, the control variable ROA has a significant negative effect on the risk-weighted assets, but has a significant positive effect on non-performing loans, and the bank's z-score. While the variable capitalization, and loan-deposit ratio has a significant influence on risk-weighted assets, non-performing loans and z score. On the other hand, the variable size did not significantly influence the riskweighted assets and non-performing loans of banks in Indonesia."

"Remaja merupakan agregat berisiko yang rentan mengalami kecelakaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku keselamatan diri anak SMP dengan risiko kecelakaan di sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan melibatkan 219 siswa SMP Negeri 10 Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 56,7% responden dengan pengetahuan tinggi dan 56,5% responden dengan perilaku baik memiliki risiko rendah kecelakaan di sekolah. Hasil uji korelasi menyatakan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku keselamatan diri dengan risiko terjadinya kecelakaan di sekolah (p= 0,240, p= 0,585, α= 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan evidence based pentingnya diterapkan pendidikan kesehatan mengenai keselamatan diri di sekolah.

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Adolescents are the risk aggregate that often have accidents. The purpose of study to examine the relationship between knowledge and behaviour personal safety among student with the risk accidents in school. This study used cross sectional design involved 219 students in SMP Negeri 10 Bekasi. The result showed 56,7% adolescents who high knowledge and 56,5% adolescents who good behaviour have low risk accidents in school. Based on correlation test, there wasn’t relationship between knowledge and behaviour personal safety among student with the risk accidents in school (p= 0,240, p= 0,585, α= 0,05). This study can be used evidence based to apply personal safety education in school."

"Tesis ini menganalisis pengaruh risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas terhadap risiko sistemik pada perbankan di ASEAN-4. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ukuran risiko sistemik, yakni dCoVaR (Girardi dan Ergun, 2013) dan MES (Acharya, 2010) agar dapat melihat perbedaan pengaruh risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas terhadap risiko sistemik dengan dua ukuran yang berbeda. Hasilnya, diketahui bahwa risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas memengaruhi risiko sistemik pada saat distres pasar, akan tetapi risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas tidak memengaruhi risiko sistemik individual bank. Adapun persamaan temuan pada kedua regresi tersebut adalah bahwa risiko sistemik dipengaruhi oleh kondisi krisis. Temuan ini menarik mengingat pada saat dilakukan analisis untuk setiap negara, hanya risiko sistemik di Filipina dan Thailand saja yang dipengaruhi oleh krisis, sedangkan Indonesia dan Malaysia tidak. Akan tetapi, jika analisis dilakukan serempak ternyata krisis memberi dampak positif signifikan terhadap risiko sistemik individual bank. Kemudian, pada analisis terhadap risiko sistemik saat pasar dalam kondisi distres, risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas hanya memengaruhi risiko sistemik di Filipina saja. Akan tetapi, jika analisis dilakukan secara serempak, maka risiko kredit dan risiko likuiditas memengaruhi risiko sistemik secara positif signifikan di ASEAN-4.

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This study examines the effect of credit risk dan liquidity risk on the potential increases in systemic risk of the banking sector in ASEAN-4. Two systemic risk measures, namely dCoVaR (Girardi and Ergun, 2013) and MES (Acharya, 2010) are used in order to evaluate the effect of credit risk and liquidity risk on systemic risk of individual bank and systemic risk when the market is in distress. Result from the regressions show that credit risk and liquidity risk affect systemic risk at the market distress, meanwhile, credit risk and liquidity risk do not affect systemic risk individual bank. That crisis affects systemic risk is found by the two regressions in ASEAN-4.

The result is interesting because when the regression analysis between credit risk and liquidity risk against systemic risk for each country is conducted, only banks in the Philippines and Thailand show the influence of credit risk on systemic risk, but not in Indonesia and Malaysia. However, when the analysis is conducted for all the countries, there is a positive and significant effect of crisis on systemic risk in ASEAN-4. The second analysis is conducted to examine the effect of credit risk and liquidity risk against on systemic risk when the market is in distress. The results show that credit risk and liquidity risk are significantly effects systemic risk at the market distress. However, we do not find this effect in the regression for each country, except in the Philippines."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasikan dampak Program BPD Regional Champion terhadap tingkat NPL BPD yang merupakan proxy risiko kredit. Dengan menggunakan analisis data panel, model terpilih yaitu Random Effects Model mengidentifikasikan determinan NPL dari faktor internal dan eksternal bank. Model tersebut kemudian disimulasikan dengan given condition berupa target indikatif keberhasilan program yaitu pertumbuhan kredit minimum 20% dan porsi kredit produktif minimum 40%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat NPL estimasi selama periode 2008-2011 bagi 12 bank akan lebih tinggi dibandingkan NPL riil sementara bagi 13 bank lain sebaliknya.

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Focus of this research is to identify the impact of BPD Regional Champion Program to each bank's NPL. Using a panel data analysis for the observation period of 2008 - 2011, the selected random effects model identifies the determinant of NPL from bank specific variables and external factors. The Model is then simulated by the indicative targets of minimum loan growth of 20% and minimum portion of productive loan of 40%. This research reveals that the Program may cause higher estimated NPL for 12 banks while for the other 13 banks the estimated NPL will be lower than the real NPL."

"The enforcement of Law No. 22 Year 1999 on the Regional Autonomy Administration, which later was substituted by Law No. 32 Year 2004 regarding regional Administration , that had brought about different new paradigm in establishing the autonomy, has basically changed the practices of running the local government. One of them concerns the positions, duties, function and the authority of Sub-district Head. The change will both directly and indirectly change the structure of organization, its funding, staffing, meeting its logistic requirements and accountability.The change began with its definition about the "Sub-district" itself. In Law No. 5 Year 1974 about Pokok-Pokok Pemerintahan di Daerah (Governance Principles), Sub-district is an administrative Territory in the cause of de-concentration, namely within the circle of the. government bureaucracy locally executing public service_ While in Law No. 32 Year 2004 regarding Regional Government, Sub-district is an operational territory as a part of the municipality. This corresponds to what mentioned in Chapter 120, Article (2) regarding as follows: The municipality level consists of the local secretariat, regional agency, local technical bodies, sub-district and village. On its position, it is indirectly obliged to execute the authority of the municipal. This is found in chapter 126 article (2) Law No. 32 year 2004 regarding Regional administration, declaring that : The head of the sub-district in carrying out his/her duty receives the authority delegation from the mayor to handle the locallautonomy matters.Specifically for Tangerang municipality government, the decree of the mayor No. 02 year 2003 regarding the delegation of done of the municipality administration to the head sub-district across Tangerang territory was issued. There are some sectors out of 10 areas of authority that have been delegated to the sub-district head, among others : Transportation, general works, land matters, population affairs, trading, industry and cooperation, social matters, peace and order, licensing, tax and retribution, and secretarial matters. Two years' time has lapsed since its issuance, but the implementation of this authority delegation to the sub-district has not been optimally exercised.Starting from the curiosity for the actual reasons for the situation, a study has been made. The study used the qualitative method by accumulating the data through direct interview to relevant official, literature study and secondary data.The result shows that the delayed implementation of this authority delegation from the municipality administration to the head sub-district is caused by technical matters as to how it should be carried out. This is due to the decree of the mayor of Tangerang regarding the authority delegation has not been followed with required direction for its implementation and method which in the field has caused uncertainly as to how to do it. Besides, there are still other factors that also has caused the Tangerang mayor decree has not been implemented optimally, among others : human resources problem, financing aspects, requisite needs which have not been fully provided by the city administration. This means no other that the decree issues, has not been sufficiently supported by the above mentioned three factors. Coordination aspect has also become an additional cause for the delay of such implementation. The sub-district administration and Agency could not easily construct the required coordination, there's no coordination mechanism: The Tangerang Mayor's Decree No. 2 year 2003, could not sufficiently be made basic of coordination between the district held and the related body. The organization structure aspect has made it difficult to implement the authority. The existing structure within the sub-district administration is not compatible with the amount of sectors delegated, and the delegation aspect itself has caused the delay of the implementation. This due to existing doubt or reluctance of the related agency to voluntarily delegate some of the authority as have been regulated in Tangerang Mayor decree No. 2 year 2003.Some implication of this study is that it is necessary to create operational and technical directions for the Tangerang Mayor's decree No. 2 year 2003, that in the field, practice can be made easier if the sub-district be provided with the actual authority, like certain permits, that the sub-district administration service may become miniature of in its territory. This is all mainly done in the framework of providing better public service. It's undoubtedly, support of human resources, sufficient financial back up, requisite/perquisite availability is indispensable to help implement the message contained in the city major mentioned above. It's also of necessity to reconstruct the sub-district organization to make it more optimal in its status, especially in existing its main obligation and function."