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"Many previous researches conveyed the superiority of Steepest Ascent (SA) method to find the optimal area in Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by shifting the experiment factor level. By using this method, Design of Experiment (DoE) is enabled to shift the factor level gradually in the right track, so that the global optimum can be reached. However, the response variable that is commonly optimized by using RSM cannot fulfill the classical statistics assumption of surface regression model. Taguchi’s orthogonal array, as alternative of RSM, gives loose statistics assumptions in performing the analysis. However, Taguchi’s orthogonal array has not yet been supported to shift the factor level to an optimum direction. Adopting the procedures of RSM in finding the optimal level combination using SA, integrating SA method in the Taguchi experiment is proposed in this paper. This procedure is applied into a simulated response surface. Then, the performance of this procedure is evaluated based on its direction to reach the optimum solution. The simulation data representing the real case is generated for two factors. Then, the proposed procedure is applied. The result of this simulation study shows that the integrated SA method in the Taguchi experiment successfully found the factor level combination that yields optimum response even though it is not as close as possible as the RSM results."

"ABSTRAKDalam sistem EBF, jarak link memiliki fungsi untuk memberikanpenampang yang lemah pada frame sehingga akan memberikan kapasitas deformasi plastis dan mendisipasi energi yang muncul akibat gempa. Link yang cukup panjang maka disipasi energi diperoleh dari flexural yielding, sementara link tidak terlalu panjang, maka link akan mengalami shear yielding. Shear yielding memungkinkan untuk terjadinya pengembangan deformasi plastis yang besar tanpa adanyapengembangan strain lokal berlebihan yang muncul pada flexural yielding. Oleh karena itu, sistem EBF dengan shear yielding link lebih stabil dan menunjukkan daktilitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan flexural yielding link.Dalam perkembangan dunia arsitektur, bangunan tidak hanya dilihatberdasarkan fungsi dan kekuatannya, namun juga estetika dan seninya. Jika dinilai berdasarkan fungsi dan estetika, frame tanpa bracing lebih baik digunakan untuk penggunaan ruang seperti jendela dan bukaan pada dinding lainnya. Namun, jika dibandingkan dengan sistem bangunan tanpa bracing, sistem bangunan dengan bracing akan menunjukkan kekuatan yang lebih baik terhadap beban lateral.Sehingga untuk dapat mengimbangi kebutuhan kekuatan dan estetika bangunan, flexural yielding link dapat dijadikan sebagai aternatif solusi karena mampu memberikan ruang yang lebih luas dibandingkan dengan shear yielding link.Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan eksperimen pada portal baja dengan sistem struktur Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBF) dengan menggunakan flexural link dan menggunakan analisa dinamik dengan menggunakan eccentric mass shaker. Dilakukan juga pemodelan numerik pada portal tersebut dengan software OpenSEES.

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ABSTRACTIn an EBF system, the length of a link functions to give a frame a weak section that provides a plastic deformation capacity and dissipates energy that emerges from earthquakes. Longer links dissipate energy through flexural yielding while shorter links dissipate energy through shear yielding. Shear yielding allows for larger development of plastic deformation without experiencing excessive local strain, as is what happens when links experience flexural yielding. For that reason,shear link EBFs tend to be more stable and more ductile than flexural link EBFs.A look from the perspective of the world of architecture denotes that astructure is not only seen from its function and strength, but also its aesthetic and artistry. Functionally and aesthetically speaking, unbraced frames are better utilized for windows and other wall openings. However, braced frames have been known to show better resistances to lateral loading when compared with unbraced frames. To resolve this issue between strength and aesthetics, flexural link EBFs proves tobe a viable alternative because of its ability to provide larger clearance space than shear link EBFs.In this research, an experiment will be conducted on a steel frame utilizing the flexural link Eccentrically Braced Frame (EBF) system. A dynamic analysis using an eccentric mass shaker will be conducted. The frame will also be numerically modelled on OpenSEES."

"Tugas Karya Akhir (TKA) ini meneliti respon Indonesia, Vietnam, dan Filipina, terhadapaktivitas militer Tiongkok di Laut Cina Selatan antara tahun 2014-2020. Berdasarkankerangka analisis teori kerja sama, penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa ketiga negaramerespon aktivitas militer Tiongkok dengan cara yang kooperatif. Menurut beberapapenelitian sebelumnya, respon negara di wilayah Laut Tiongkok Selatan bergantungkepada jumlah dana bantuan Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI) yang diterima. Penelitian inimenyarankan untuk memasukkan konteks nasional negara-negara penerima BRI, denganmelibatkan motives dan power dalam menganalisis respon. Tulisan ini adalah penelitiankualitatif dan penulis menggunakan metode perbandingan. Penelitian ini dapatmeningkatkan pemahaman tentang persamaan pola respon antara Indonesia, Vietnam,dan Filipina terlepas dari perbedaan jumlah BRI yang diterima

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This study examines the responses of Indonesia, Vietnam, and Philippine, toward China’s

military activities at the South China Sea between 2014-2020. Based on the logic of

cooperation theory analytical framework, this paper argues that those countries reacted to

China’s military activities in a cooperative way. As some scholars predicted if those

responses depend on the amount of the Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI) assistance fund.

This paper suggests to include the national context of BRI recipient countries, by

describing the different motives and power, in examining those responses. This paper

used qualitative framework and comparative methods. This paper may enhance the

understanding of the similar pattern of responses between Indonesia, Vietnam, and

Philippine despite the differences of the BRI amount received"

"Introduction: Constant exposure to a variety of microorganisms in domestic environment plays an important role in the shaping of individual immune response mechanism, which can affect one's susceptibility to the diseases. The aim of the study to get an understanding how the exposure of microorganisms in the the different area where the people living might give a contribution to the profile and the regulation of the immune respons after stimulated to malaria, vaccine BCG and oxLDL antigents in PBMC and whole blood cultures, and to evaluate the character of T reg as a mediator to suppress the cell proliferation.Methode: It is an in vitro experimental study performed at Laboratorium Terpadu, Faculty of Medicine Univertas Indonesia, Jakarta in 2013 2014. As a model of infectious diseases is used pathogenic antigents such as Plasmodium falciparum infected red blood cells malaria and bacille calmette gu rin BCG vaccine, and as a modell of inflammatory disease is used non a patonegic antigen, low density lipoprotein LDL . Whole blood cultures is done for 80 blood samples to know how the regulation of immune respons from people living a rural populatin. PBMC cultures is also done to explore macrophages after stimulated to malaria, BCG and LDL. PHA stimulated to the PBMC culture with and without T reg cells to evaluate the character of T reg. T regulatory cells perhaps play the important roles to suppress the immune respons to microorganisms was also done.Results: The profile of the immune respons of the people living in the unslum area is significantly more inflamatif than that in the slum area. The ratio of pro anti inflammation cytokines TNF IL 10 of the people living in the unslum area is significantly higher than that in the slum area. This is marked by increasing of oxLDL accumulationis that is the important point of the low protection to oxLDL of the people living in the unslum area p 0.01 . T regulatory cell may suppress the proliferation in the PBMC culture for the people living in the slum area marked by increasing not only the expression of IL 10 cytokines but also the sum of T regulatory sells p 0.01 significantly.Conclusion: The immune respons of the people living in the unslum area is more inflamatif and responsive to malaria, BCG vaccine and oxLDL. The character of macrophage of the people living in the slum area is marked by the low ratio of pro anti inflammation cytokines TNF IL 10 to malaria, BCG vaccine and oxLDLstimulations. T regulatory cell may suppress the proliferation in the PBMC culture for the people living in the slum."

"Bantuan dalam bentuk uang diadopsi pasca gempa di Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada tahun 2022.  Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah prasangka terkait penggunaan bantuan uang yang tidak tepat guna oleh penyintas. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah memberikan pembuktian terkait pemanfaatan bantuan uang oleh penyintas bencana. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, berbentuk studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data menggabungkan observasi, wawancara informan kunci, Focus Group Discussion, dan telaah dokumen kunci. Analisis data, menggunakan model alir. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa penyintas penerima bantuan uang memprioritaskan penggunaan uang untuk kebutuhan prioritas. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah keraguan penggunaan bantuan uang secara tidak tepat oleh penyintas bencana tidak terbukti. Rekomendasi strategi antisipasi risiko antara lain memastikan nilai transfer yang sejalan dengan kesenjangan kebutuhan, seleksi penerima manfaat yang tepat, pemberdayaan masyarakat khususnya perempuan dalam pengelolaan bantuan uang, dan variasi strategi komunikasi terkait penyaluran bantuan uang secara teratur.

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Humanitarian agencies adopted cash assistance after the Cianjur Earthquake, West Java, 2022. The problem identified is the common perception of the risk of misuse if cash assistance is provided. The research objectives are to provide reliable evidence related to disaster survivors' utilization of cash assistance. The research methodology adopts a qualitative approach through a case study of cash assistance.  Data collection methods vary from observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Key Informant Interview (KII), and literature review. Data analysis will use the flow model.  The research results show evidence that cash assistance beneficiaries utilized the cash assistance for priority. The research concludes there is very little evidence to claim that disaster-affected survivors misuse the cash assistance. For future practice, the research recommends risk anticipation actions such as appropriate transfer value calculation; appropriate beneficiary selection process; community empowerment, especially through the involvement of women; and adoption of regular communication."

"Inovasi dalam sistem pembayaran digital membawa efektivitas bagi proses transaksi pembayaran. Hal tersebut didukung dengan inisiatif Bank Indonesia dalam menciptakan kanal pembayaran standar nasional Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (“QRIS”) yang saat ini daat dilaksanakan secara lintas batas negara. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji pengaturan mengenai sistem pembayaran digital QRIS Lintas Negara, serta perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen dalam transaksi pembayaran QRIS Lintas Negara. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal dengan pendekatan kualitatif dalam melakukan analisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan standar nasional QRIS Lintas Negara mengacu pada peraturan induk yakni PBI Nomor 22/23/PBI/2020 tentang Sistem Pembayaran dan PBI Nomor 21/11/PBI/2021 tentang Standar Nasional Sistem Pembayaran. Adapun pengaturan lebih lanjut terkait penyelenggaraan QRIS diatur dalam PADG Nomor 21/8/PADG/2019 tentang Implementasi Standar Nasional Quick Response Code untuk Pembayaran sebagaimana telah diubah dengan PADG Nomor 23/8/PADG/2021. Dalam hal perlindungan konsumen dalam transaksi pembayaran melalui QRIS Lintas Negara, dibawahi dengan pengaturan hukum pada Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan PBI Nomor 22/20/PBI/2020 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Bank Indonesia. Adapun perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen dalam transaksi pembayaran QRIS diwujudkan melalui mitigasi risiko dalam sistem pembayaran, baik melalui standarisasi monitoring, penerapan standar keamanan informasi, maupun perlindungan konsumen. Selain itu, penyedia jasa pembayaran juga wajib menerapkan mitigasi risiko terhadap keamanan sistem pembayaran secara internal.

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Innovations in digital payment systems bring effectiveness to the payment transaction process. This is supported by Bank Indonesia's initiative to create a national standard payment channel Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (“QRIS”) which currently can be implemented across national borders. Based on this, this study aims to examine arrangements regarding the cross-border QRIS digital payment system, as well as legal protection for consumers in cross-border QRIS payment transactions. To answer these problems, this study uses a doctrinal research method with a qualitative approach in conducting data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of cross-border QRIS national standards refers to the principal rules, namely PBI Number 22/23/PBI/2020 concerning Payment Systems and PBI Number 21/11/PBI/2021 concerning National Payment System Standards. Further arrangements for implementing QRIS are regulated in PADG Number 21/8/PADG/2019 concerning the Implementation of the National Standard Quick Response Code for Payments as amended by PADG Number 23/8/PADG/2021. In terms of consumer protection in payment transactions through Cross-Country QRIS, it is subordinated to the legal provisions in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and PBI Number 22/20/PBI/2020 concerning Bank Indonesia Consumer Protection. Legal protection for consumers in QRIS payment transactions is realized through risk mitigation in the payment system, both through standardization of monitoring, application of information security standards, and consumer protection. In addition, payment service providers are also required to implement risk mitigation for payment system security internally."

"ABSTRAKIntra Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD) atau kematian janin merupakan salah satu dari peristiwa kehilangan yang menimbulkan respon berduka, bahkan jika berkepanjangan respon tersebut dapat menjadi bersifat patologis sehingga menimbulkan dampak negatif baik fisik maupun psikologis ibu. Sementara belum ada penelitian yang spesifik tentang respon dan koping ibu dengan IUFD tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan grounded theory. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan suatu konsep tentang respon dan pola koping ibu dengan IUFD. Jumlah partisipan yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini sampai dengan terjadi saturasi data sebanyak 7 orang. Prosedur sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Prosedur pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan langkah - langkah analisis Hutchinson (2001 dalam Streubert & Carpenter, 2003). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga bentuk respon ditunjukkan oleh ibu dalam menjalani proses berduka yaitu menolak untuk menerima kehilangan, tawar menawar dan kesedihan yang mendalam. Ibu melakukan berbagai upaya dalam bentuk koping yang adaptif dan maladaptif. Ibu dengan IUFD dalam berespon dan membentuk koping terhadap peristiwa kehilangan dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal. Rekomendasi untuk pelayanan keperawatan agar menjadikan hasil penelitian sebagai pedoman dan strategi dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan khususnya dukungan kepada ibu dengan IUFD. Rekomendasi juga ditujukan pada penelitian selanjutnya agar menggunakan partisipan yang lebih banyak.

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ABSTRACTIntra Uterine Fetal Death (IUFD) is loss of fetus that consider as a grieving loss event of the mother. Prolonged reactions following a fetal loss or gradually increase in intensity overtime are labeled as pathological grief process and it can potentially have a negative impact on physical and mental health on mother. This research is using a qualitative research design with grounded theory method. The aim of this research is to develop a concept of mother’s response and coping mechanism with IUFD. Mothers who involved to this research until saturated data processes and participating as participant are 7 people. Sampling procedure utilized is purposive sampling. Collecting data procedures using in-depth interview techniques and observationall. Data analyzing using the Hutchinson (2001) cited in Streubert & Carpenter, 2003). Research result shown that the grief responses of mothers with IUFD consist of the three levels, those are denial, bargaining and circumstantial sadness. Some of them used an adaptive coping mechanism while another group used a maladaptive coping mechanism. Internal and external factors influence the response and coping mechanism that they used. Research recommended to nursing professionals to used this result as a guidance and strategy in giving support in nursing care to mothers with IUFD, further research with more participants are also recommended."