Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"The 'migration-development' nexus has emerged as an important area of both research and policy over the last ten years. However, most of the interest has focused on the potential that migration holds for poverty alleviation. Relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship between migration and inequality, particularly on inequality as a consequence of migration. This is unfortunate, given that inequality is emerging as an important area of inquiry within development studies. This edited collection explores the relationship between migration and inequality in Africa, Asia and Latin America by taking into account economic and social inequalities.While the focus on inequality as opposed to poverty is in itself original, the book offers additional points of interest. First, it combines chapters on internal and international migration, thereby challenging the current focus in the migration literature that focuses almost exclusively on cross-border migration. Internal migration greatly outnumbers cross-border moves. Yet policy-makers as well as most studies focus on cross-border international migration. We are only just beginning to unravel the relationship between internal and cross-border migration. Second, the theme of inequality complements the existing focus in the migration-development nexus on issues of poverty. Third, the chapters focus on both economic and social inequalities, often combining an analysis of different types of inequalities. The book also covers governance and migrants' rights; gender and intersectionality; and health. The contributions in this edited volume make an original contribution to debates on the migration-development nexus as well as the literature on inequality, which often tends to focus on economic measurements of inequality at the expense of including a thorough analysis of social inequality"

"ABSTRACTStudi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi arus migrasi antarprovinsi di Indonesia selama 1990 hingga 2010 menggunakan metode OLS dan panel. Ketimpangan ekonomi, barang publik dan belanja modal menjadi variabel yang akan dieksplorasi efeknya selain variabel kontrol terhadap arus migrasi internal. Temuan pertama adalah bahwa peningkatan ketimpangan relatif menurunkan migrasi antarprovinsi hingga titik minimum dan kemudian kembali naik, atau terdapat hubungan berbentuk kurva U antara ketimpangan relatif dengan besar migrasi. Kemudian, biaya bermigrasi di Indonesia jauh lebih tinggi dari negara lain dan menunjukkan tren peningkatan. Terakhir, faktor pendorong di daerah asal masih menjadi determinan penting dalam memengaruhi migrasi selama 20 tahun terakhir. Migrasi antarprovinsi di Indonesia selama 20 tahun terakhir terjadi dari daerah berpendapatan rendah dengan ketimpangan ekonomi yang tinggi menuju daerah kaya dengan ketimpangan yang lebih rendah, belanja modal yang lebih tinggi, dan penyediaan fasilitas publik yang cukup

---

ABSTRACTThis study aims to probe the determinants of inter-provinces migration flows in Indonesia during the reformation era in the late 1990s until 2010 with cross-section and panel data analysis. Economic inequality, public goods and public expenditure are examined along with control variables to explore their effects towards inter-provinces migration. Three substantial findings are resulted from the analysis. First, an increase in relative inequality between origin and destination provinces decrease inter-provinces migration with U-shaped trend. Second, the distance elasticity in Indonesia is relatively high in comparison to other countries leading to high migration cost and perform an increasing trend. Third, push factors, including lower economic inequality and public goods provision in origin provinces, become more powerful triggers for people to migrate instead of the push factors. At the end, it can be deduced that people move from low wage and high economic inequality region into wealthier and more prosper region in terms of lower economic inequality, higher number of public expenditure budget, and adequate public goods provision"

""Thomas Piketty wrote The Economics of Inequality as an introduction to the conceptual and factual background necessary for interpreting changes in economic inequality over time. Piketty begins by explaining how inequality evolves and how economists measure it. In subsequent chapters, he explores variances in income and ownership of capital and the variety of policies used to reduce these gaps. Along the way, with characteristic clarity and precision, he introduces key ideas about the relationship between labor and capital, the effects of different systems of taxation, the distinction between 'historical' and 'political' time, the impact of education and technological change, the nature of capital markets, the role of unions, and apparent tensions between the pursuit of efficiency and the pursuit of fairness" -- provided by publisher.Contents"

"This volume presents ten chapters that discuss the economics of poverty, inequality and welfare. They address how we measure poverty, inequality and welfare and how we use such measurements to devise policies to deliver social mobility. They consider both theoretical and empirical topics with special reference to developing countries. "

"Fenomena irregular migration merupakan fenomena yang terjadi ketika seseorang masuk atau tinggal di suatu negara tanpa memiliki status kewarganegaraan negara tersebut dan telah melanggar hukum imigrasi atau peraturan yang ada. Fenomena ini sesungguhnya tidak memiliki definisi serta batasan konseptual yang pasti sehingga terdapat beragam penggunaan istilah maupun pemahaman ketika menjelaskan fenomena irregular migration dalam literatur. Ketidakpastian definisi tersebut juga mengakibatkan fenomena irregular migration dicanangkan sebagai suatu ancaman bagi negara dan suatu bentuk kejahatan transnasional hingga akhirnya wacana tersebut menjadi wacana dominan yang melekat pada fenomena irregular migration. Tinjauan pustaka ini mengkaji literatur yang menunjukkan wacana dominan mengenai fenomena irregular migration yang kemudian berkembang hingga muncul berbagai literatur yang menantang wacana dominan tersebut. Dengan metode pengorganisasian literatur berupa kronologi dan taksonomi, tinjauan pustaka ini menunjukkan adanya perkembangan literatur di segi istilah dan konseptualisasi, faktor penyebab, unit analisis dari negara menjadi individu yaitu migran serta fenomena irregular migration yang dianggap sebagai isu kejahatan transnasional. Perkembangan pembahasan mengenai irregular migration serta irregular migrants dalam literatur umumnya dipicu oleh peristiwa serta latar belakang akademisi yang beragam. Berdasarkan berbagai literatur yang sudah dikaji, tinjauan pustaka ini menunjukkan bahwa fenomena irregular migration sesungguhnya merupakan suatu konstruksi sosial, politik dan legal yang dicanangkan oleh negara dan berdampak nyata pada kehidupan migran sehingga tidak sepatutnya irregular migrants dikriminalisasi dengan mudah.

---

The phenomenon of irregular migration is a phenomenon which happened when someone entered or lived in a country in which they have no citizenship or in which they have violated the existing immigration laws and regulations. This phenomenon doesn rsquo t have an absolute definition or conceptual limitations, therefore there are many terminology and understanding in explaining the phenomenon of irregular migration in literature. The uncertain definition leads to how irregular migration is constructed as a threat for states and as a form of transnational crime. This discourse has been the dominant discourse of irregular migration. This literature review showcases literature that depict the dominant discourse and literature which contest the dominant discourse of irregular migration. Using chronology and taxonomy method, this literature review shows the development of literature about irregular migration according to the development in terminology and conceptualization, development of causes of irregular migration, development of analytical unit which evolves from state to individual or migrants and the development of literature which consider the phenomenon of irregular migration as a transnational crime issue. In general, the development of phenomenon of irregular migration and irregular migrants in literature is preceded by events and various academic background of the writer of literature. This literature review aims to show that the phenomenon of irregular migration is actually a social, political and legal construction that is constructed by states and affect the lives of migrants, therefore the irregular migrants are not supposed to be criminalised easily."