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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh perbedaan struktur kepemilikan bank terhadap pertumbuhan kredit pertahun terutama pada periode krisis 2008-2009 dengan dikontrol oleh karakteristik bank (ukuran, likuiditas, kapitalisasi, profitabilitas, dan struktur pendanaan). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pada saat krisis, bank asing cenderung mengurangi kredit mereka lebih banyak dibanding bank pemerintah dan bank swasta nasional. Sedangkan bank, pada saat krisis, pemerintah menambah (atau mengurangi lebih sedikti) dibandingkan bank asing dan bank swasta domestik.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the impact of bank ownership structure towards lending growth especially in crisis period 2008-2009 with bank characteristics (size, liquidity, capital, profitability, and funding structure) as control variables. This study use panel data regression method. The result show that, in time of crisis, foreign bank decreasing their lending more than private domestic bank and government bank. In contrast, in time of crisis, government bank increase (or cut it less) their lending compare to foreign banks and private domestic banks.;This study aims to analyze the impact of bank ownership structure towards lending growth especially in crisis period 2008-2009 with bank characteristics (size, liquidity, capital, profitability, and funding structure) as control variables. This study use panel data regression method. The result show that, in time of crisis, foreign bank decreasing their lending more than private domestic bank and government bank. In contrast, in time of crisis, government bank increase (or cut it less) their lending compare to foreign banks and private domestic banks., This study aims to analyze the impact of bank ownership structure towards lending growth especially in crisis period 2008-2009 with bank characteristics (size, liquidity, capital, profitability, and funding structure) as control variables. This study use panel data regression method. The result show that, in time of crisis, foreign bank decreasing their lending more than private domestic bank and government bank. In contrast, in time of crisis, government bank increase (or cut it less) their lending compare to foreign banks and private domestic banks.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh kepemilikan asing, karakteristik negara asal, dan variabel karakteristik bank terhadap Profitability bank di Indonesia periode 2007-2011. Variabel karakteristik bank terdiri dari share, loan, leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, deposit, dan age. Dengan menggunakan sampel bank umum yang ada di Indonesia periode 2007-2011, penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi panel. Ternyata penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya pengaruh kepemilikan asing dan karakteristik negara asal terhadap profitability bank pada sektor perbankan Indonesia. Akan tetapi, penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh variabel leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, dan deposit terhadap variabel profitability bank asing di Indonesia. Sedangkan, hanya variabel Leverage, ROA Volatility, dan Loan Growth yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel profitability bank domestik di Indonesia.

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This study aims to examine the impact of foreign ownership, home country characteristic, and bank characteristic?s variables toward Indonesian Bank's profitability. Bank characteristic variable consist of share, loan, leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, deposit, and age. By using Indonesian commercial bank from 2007-2011 as a sample, this study is using panel regression method. It turns out, foreign ownership and home country characteristic don't influence Indonesia Bank?s profitability. However, this study finds the influence of leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, and deposit with foreign bank profitability in Indonesia. While, only leverage, ROA volatility, and loan growth have influence with domestic bank profitability in Indonesia."

"Adanya akuisisi ataupun merger oleh bank asing dapat mempengaruhi kinerja dari bank tersebut, bank asing dinilai memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik sehingga kredit yang disalurkan lebih tinggi. Selain itu bank asing juga dianggap memiliki backup dari parent bank. Namun bank asing dinilai lebih sensitif terhadap kondisi ekonomi host country, sehingga kredit yang diberikan kurang stabil dibandingkan dengan bank lokal. Tujuan dari dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh adanya kepemilikan asing pada perbankan terhadap penyaluran kredit bank di Indonesia. Jenis bank yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bank umum konvensional yaitu bank asing, bank campuran, bank persero, BUSN devisa, BUSN nondevisa, dan BPD. Variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah kredit yang diberikan oleh bank per tahun sebagai variabel independen, struktur kepemilikan yang terdiri dari asing dan lokal sebagai variabel independen, karakteristik bank, suku bunga kredit rata-rata, dan BI rate sebagai variabel kontrol. Data-data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari laporan keuangan tahunan masingmasing bank, website Bank Indonesia, dan website Badan Pusat Statistik. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah panel data analysis menggunakan model pooled least square dengan cross section weight. Hasil yang dapat disimpulkan dari peneliitan ini adalah bahwa kredit yang disalurkan oleh bank asing lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan lokal, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan perilaku antara bank asing yang melakukan greenfield dengan yang melakukan takeover. Selain itu, faktor lain yaitu karakteristik bank dan kondisi ekonomi juga mempengaruhi ketersediaan kredit bank.

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Many researches show that foreign ownership of banks influence their performance, thus it give impact to their supply of credit. Foreign banks tends to have better performance than local banks, as a result, they tend to have higher credit supply than local banks. In addition, foreign subsidiary banks in host country also have backup from their parent banks in home country. However, many researchers believe that foreign banks are sensitive to the economic condition of host country; therefore, foreign bank credit supply is less stable than local bank.

The aim of this research is to gain a banking profile, whether the foreign ownership of banks have an impact to their credit supply or not. This research studies about conventional banks in Indonesia which are Bank Asing, Bank Campuran, Bank Persero, BUSN Devisa, BUSN Nondevisa, and BPD.

Variables that use in this research are amount of credit as a dependent variable, ownership structure which is foreign bank and local bank as an independent variable, and bank characteristic, lending rate, and BI rate as control variables. The data are taken from bank financial annual report, Bank Indonesia website, and BPS website.

The research use panel data analysis as an estimation method in pooled least square model with cross section weight. The analysis result shows that foreign ownership bank give higher credit supply than local bank, but there isnt any difference in attitude between greenfield bank and takeover bank. Furthermore, beside the ownership structure, bank characteristic and economic condition in host country which is Indonesia, affect the foreign bank supply of credit. "

"Kondisi perbankan Indonesia yang terdiri dari berbagai karakteristik memiliki perilaku yang berbeda. Salah satu perilaku yang dihipotesakan berbeda adalah pengaruh kepemilikan terhadap profitabilitas bank. Kajian ini mencoba melihat lebih dalam determinan profitabilitas bank baik faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal.Penelitian ini mengelompokkan bank menjadi 2 kelompok besar, yaitu bank asing dan bank lokal. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 8 bank asing dan 95 bank lokal, dalam kurun waktu 2004 ndash; 2013.Untuk menganalisis adanya pengaruh status kepemilikan terhadap profitabilitas, penulis menggunakan pendekatan ekonometri analisis data panel.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kepemilikan bank berpengaruh positif secara signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank. Pengaruh antara keduanya tidak secara langsung, melainkan melalui kegiatan operasional bank, dimana bank asing dan bank lokal memiliki perbedaan perilaku dalam hal hubungan rasio NPL, rasio interest income share, rasio funding cost dan real GDP terhadap profitabilitas bank.

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Having different characteristics of banks, Indonesian banks have different behaviour between the groups. Different ownership is hypothesised to have impact on profitability. Previous studies on Indonesian banking system have proved this phenomenon, while here we try to do deeper analysis based on internal factor and external factor.In this study, we grouped banks into two big groups foreign banks and local banks. Total sample used in this study consist of 8 foreign banks and 95 local banks, within 2004 ndash 2013.

We employ panel data analysis to examine the impact of bank ownership towards profitability.This study conclude that ownership have positive and significant impact on bank rsquo s profitability. Profitability is not directly impacted by ownership, but through bank rsquo s operational activity which we proved that both groups of bank have different behaviour toward bank rsquo s profitability in term of NPL ratio, interest income ratio, funding cost ratio, and real GDP."

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menguji teori perbankan tradisional dan teori keuangan perusahaan, dengan menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi portofolio kredit terhadap return dan risiko 47 bank di Indonesia periode 2010-2014. Dengan menggunakan analisis panel data, secara umum, ditemukan bahwa konsentrasi portofolio kredit tidak mempengaruhi return. Ketika kepemilikan bank diperhitungkan, ditemukan bahwa bank swasta memperoleh return lebih tinggi dari konsentrasi portofolio kredit berdasarkan sektor ekonomi daripada bank lainnya. Sementara itu, cara masuk bank asing tidak mempengaruhi return. Temuan selanjutnya mendukung teori keuangan perusahaan, yaitu konsentrasi portofolio kredit berpengaruh negatif terhadap risiko, terlepas dari aspek kepemilikan bank dan cara masuk bank asing. Secara khusus, terdapat indikasi bahwa konsentrasi portofolio kredit meningkatkan kinerja bank swasta.

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This study tests both of theory of traditional banking and theory of corporate finance, by examining the impact of loan portfolio concentration on 47 Indonesian conventional banks? return and risk over 2010-2014. Using panel data analysis, the results show that in general, loan portfolio concentration does not affect banks? return. When different types of bank ownership is taken into account, we find that private banks generate higher profit from loan portfolio concentration based on economic sectors than other banks. However, no evidence of foreign banks? mode of entry effect on return is found. Furthermore, this study indicates the existence of theory of corporate finance, where we find that loan portfolio concentration negatively affects bank?s risk regardless its type of ownership and mode of entry. In particular, loan portfolio concentration seems to improve the performance of private banks."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh dari diversifikasi pendapatan yang dilakukan oleh bank terhadap kinerja dan stabilitas bank di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2011-2020. Penelitian ini juga melihat pengaruh dari struktur kepemilikan dalam mempengaruhi hubungan antara diversifikasi pendapatan dengan kinerja dan stabilitas bank. Penelitian ini menjadikan 47 bank terbuka di Indonesia sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan regresi panel sebagai metode penelitian. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa diversifikasi pendapatan secara positif dan signifikan mampu mempengaruhi kinerja bank apabila ditinjau menggunakan accounting-based measurement, namun di saat yang bersamaan mampu memembuat bank menjadi semakin berisiko. Selain itu, konsentrasi kepemilikan saham terbesar pada bank serta persentase kepemilikan saham oleh pihak asing juga secara signifikan dan positif mampu mempengaruhi hubungan antara diversifikasi pendapatan yang dilakukan oleh bank terhadap kinerja dan stabilitas bank. Di sisi lain, konsentrasi kepemilikan saham bank oleh investor swasta lokal memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap hubungan antara diversifikasi pendapatan dengan Z-score.

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This study aims to examine the effect of income diversification carried out by banks on the performance and stability of banks listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2011-2020. This study also looks at the effect of ownership structure in influencing the relationship between income diversification, bank performance, and stability. This study uses 47 public banks in Indonesia as a sample using panel regression as its research method. This study finds that income diversification can positively and significantly affect bank performance when viewed from an accounting-based measurement, where at the same time, it is able to increase bank risk. In addition, the concentration of bank ownership and foreign ownership also significantly and positively influences the relationship between income diversification, bank performance, and stability. Other than that, the concentration of bank shares by the private local investor has a positive effect on the relationship between income diversification and Z-score."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor karakteristik spesifik bank dan struktur sistem keuangan yang diproksikan dengan bank loan (BLOAN), liquid asset to customer and short-term investment (LIQ), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), equity to total asset ratio (EQAS), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Size, Beban Operasional dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), concentration (CONC), total bank assets to GDP (ASSGDP), market capitalization to bank assets (MACPASS), dan market capitalization to GDP (MACGDP) terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia selama periode lima tahun mulai dari 2009 sampai dengan 2013. Pengujian dilakukan dengan model regresi least square. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa karakteristik spesifik bank dan struktur sistem keuangan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank.

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This research is aimed to analyze the influence of Specific Bank and Financial Structure Factors that proxied with bank loan (BLOAN), liquid asset to customer and short-term investment (LIQ), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), equity to total asset ratio (EQAS), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Size, cost to income ratio (BOPO), concentration (CONC), total bank assets to GDP (ASSGDP), market capitalization to bank assets (MACPASS), and market capitalization to GDP (MACGDP) of the Bank Profitability in Indonesia during the period of five years starting from 2009 up to 2013. The tests were conducted with the least square regression model. The results of this research found that bank specific and financial structure significantly has influence on bank profitability."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari kualitas akrual perusahaan terhadap tingkat utang bank yang dimiliki oeh perusahaan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga melihat bagaimana pengaruh dari tingkat ekspropriasi pemegang saham pengendali dalam mempengaruhi hubungan antara kualitas akrual dengan tingkat utang bank perusahaan. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel 252 perusahaan-tahun yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2010-2012. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kualitas akrual berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap tingkat utang bank perusahaan. Kualitas akrual yang semakin baik mengurangi risiko informasi bagi bank yang mengakibatkan perusahaan dengan kualitas akrual yang baik mempunyai tingkat utang bank yang lebih besar karena adanya akses yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa tingkat ekspropriasi yang dimiliki pemegang saham pengendali tidak mempengaruhi hubungan antara kualitas akrual dan tingkat utang bank.

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This research aims to study the effect of accrual quality earned by firm to its bank debt level. This research also aims to analyze whether expropriation effect of controlling ownership will influence the relation between acrual quality and bank debt level. By using 252 firm-year observation listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2012, this research finds positive association between accrual quality and bank debt level. Higher accrual quality reduces information asymmetry between firm and bank and thus reduces information risk for bank, which caused firm whose accrual quality is higher will have higher bank debt level. This study also proved that expropriation effect by controlling ownership does not influence the relation between accrual quality and bank debt level."

"Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruh dari faktor makroekonomi dan bank specific terhadap non performing loans bank komersil di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan panel data dimana objek penelitian adalah seluruh bank yang tercatat di Indonesia kecuali bank berbentuk syariah sehingga total terdapat 108 bank yang menjadi objek dalam penelitian ini. Periode penelitian adalah dari tahun 2012 sampai tahun 2015. Faktor makroekonomi yang diuji dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor gross domestic products, tingkat inflasi dan tingkat pengangguran nasional di Indonesia. Sedangkan variabel bank specific dalam penelitian ini adalah faktor ukuran perbankan, tingkat pengambilan resiko, capital adequacy dan tingkat efisiensi bank. Estimasi model yang digunakan adalah model Fixed Effect. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat 2 variabel makroekonomi yaitu GDP dan Inflasi yang mempengaruhi non performing loans sedangkan untuk variabel bank specific terdapat 1 variabel yang mempengaruhi yaitu variabel ukuran bank.

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The purpose of this study is to examine and learn the effect of macroecomics factors and bank specific towards non performing loans commercial bank in Indonesia. This research used data panel where the object is all banks listed in Indonesia except shariah banks. 108 banks are listed to be examined as the object of this study. The research period started in 2012 to 2015. Macroeconomics factors examined in this study are gross domestic products, inflation rates and unemployment rates in Indonesia. However, the variabel of bank specific in this study is banking measuring factor, risk taking rates, capital adequacy and bank effeciency rates. Model estimation used in this study is Fixed Effect model. Results of this research shown that there are two macroeconomics variables GDP and Inflation that has effect on non performing loans and in bank specific variable, bank measuring has effects on listed variable. "

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh ukuran bank terhadap pengambilan risiko pada bank-bank umum konvensional yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia sepanjang periode 2005-2014, dengan kondisi bahwa nilai market-to-book ratio bank dan umur bank dijaga konstan. Ukuran bank diukur menggunakan natural logarithm dari nilai total aset bank sedangkan ukuran pengambilan risiko bank mengacu pada formulasi Z-score. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengacu pada metode data panel dan informasi keuangan berbasis kuartal.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ukuran bank berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengambilan risiko. Selain itu, dekomposisi atas nilai Z-score menunjukkan bahwa bank-bank umum konvensional terbuka yang semakin bertumbuh besar di Indonesia cenderung meningkatkan pengambilan risikonya dengan cara meningkatkan leverage.

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This study investigates the effect of bank size on risk-taking for conventional commercial banks in Indonesia which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during period 2005-2014, under condition of which market-to-book ratio and bank age are controlled to remain constant. Bank size is measured by natural logarithm of bank’s total assets whereas the measure of bank risk-taking follows Z-score formulation. This study follows data panel method and quarterly financial information.

Results of this study show that bank size positively and significantly affects risk-taking. In addition, a decomposition of Z-score shows that growing-in-size listed conventional commercial banks in Indonesia tend to engage in excessive risk-taking through increased leverage."