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"[Latar belakang : Hipotiroid kongenital (HK) merupakan penyebab disabilitas intelektual yang dapat dicegah dan pencarian etiologinya belum menjadi prosedur rutin. Pencarian etiologi HK penting untuk dilakukan, karena membantu dalam menentukan derajat keparahan, mempengaruhi dosis substitusi L-tiroksin, terapi jangka panjang, prognosis, dan kemungkinan HK diturunkan pada anak selanjutnya (konseling genetik). Etiologi HK dapat bervariasi antar negara. Saat ini data mengenai etiologi HK di Indonesia masih sedikit.Tujuan : Mengevaluasi etiologi hipotiroid kongenital.Metode : Penelitian potong lintang dengan metode total sampling pada semua subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian “Dampak keterlambatan diagnosis hipotiroid kongenital: disabilitas intelektual dan kualitas hidup pasien” di Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan sejak lolos kaji etik sampai November 2014.Hasil : Terdapat 19 dari 25 subjek yang dapat dievaluasi etiologinya. Etiologi yang ditemukan adalah disgenesis (16/19) dan dishormonogenesis (3/16). Tipe disgenesis terbanyak berturut-turut adalah hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hipoplasia (4/16), dan ektopik (1/16). Nilai IQ pada kelompok hipoplasia adalah borderline, sedangkan kategori nilai IQ etiologi lainnya adalah disabilitas intelektual. Rerata nilai IQ 72,7(SD 30,3) untuk kelompok hipoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) untuk agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) untuk hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) untuk dishormonogenesis, dan nilai IQ 46 didapatkan pada anak dengan kelenjar tiroid ektopik.Simpulan : Etiologi HK pada penelitian ini adalah disgenesis tiroid (16/19) dan dishormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis merupakan etiologi HK terbanyak (6/19). Hipoplasi tiroid merupakan kelompok dengan nilai IQ tertinggi (borderline) daripada kelompok lainnya (disabilitas intelektual).;Latar belakang : Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most preventable cause of intellectual disability. Investigation for etiology of CH is not a routine procedure in Indonesia. Congenital hypothyroidism etiology is important for predict severity of hypothyroidism, L-thyroxine dose substitution, prognosis, and genetic counselling. Etiology of CH varies among countries. Current data about CH etiology in Indonesia is limited. This research is part of “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research that has been done in RSCM.Tujuan : To evaluate etiology of primary congenital hypothyroidism.Metode : A cross sectional study with total sampling of all participants in “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research. This research has been done since pass the ethics until November 2014.Hasil : There were 19 of 25 participants that could be evaluate the CH etiology. The etiology are dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormomogenesis (3/19). Types of dysgenesis are hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hypoplasia (4/16), and ectopic (1/16). Mean of total IQ was 72,7 (SD 30,3) for hypoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) for agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) for hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) for dyshormonogenesis, and IQ score for ectopic thyroid is 46.Simpulan : Etiology of Ch in this research is dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis is the most common etiology in CH. Hypoplasia thyroid group has the highest IQ score (borderline) among other groups od etiology., Latar belakang : Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most preventable cause of intellectual disability. Investigation for etiology of CH is not a routine procedure in Indonesia. Congenital hypothyroidism etiology is important for predict severity of hypothyroidism, L-thyroxine dose substitution, prognosis, and genetic counselling. Etiology of CH varies among countries. Current data about CH etiology in Indonesia is limited. This research is part of “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research that has been done in RSCM.Tujuan : To evaluate etiology of primary congenital hypothyroidism.Metode : A cross sectional study with total sampling of all participants in “Impact of delayed CH diagnosis: intellectual disability and quality of live” research. This research has been done since pass the ethics until November 2014.Hasil : There were 19 of 25 participants that could be evaluate the CH etiology. The etiology are dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormomogenesis (3/19). Types of dysgenesis are hemiagenesis (6/16), athireosis (5/16), hypoplasia (4/16), and ectopic (1/16). Mean of total IQ was 72,7 (SD 30,3) for hypoplasia, 58,2 (SD 16) for agenesis, 52,5 (SD 16,5) for hemiagenesis, 37,3 (SD 8) for dyshormonogenesis, and IQ score for ectopic thyroid is 46.Simpulan : Etiology of Ch in this research is dysgenesis (16/19) and dyshormonogenesis (3/19). Hemiagenesis is the most common etiology in CH. Hypoplasia thyroid group has the highest IQ score (borderline) among other groups od etiology.]"

"Berdasarkan penelitian Washington, perawatan ulang mencapai 5-10% dari 50 juta kasus perawatan endodontik dan angka ini terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengevaluasi distribusi kasus perawatan ulang endodontik di RSKGM FKG UI tahun 2009-2013. Jenis penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif melalui rekam medik dengan variabel diagnosis dan etiologi perawatan ulang endodontik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi perawatan ulang endodontik pada tahun 2009-2013 sebesar 289 kasus (4.4%) dengan penyebab utama pengisian saluran akar inadekuat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah etiologi perawatan ulang endodontik terbanyak adalah pengisian saluran akar inadekuat sebesar 62% dan yang paling jarang ditemukan adalah saluran akar tambahan atau salah satu saluran akar yang tidak terisi sebesar 3%.

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Based on Washington’s research, endodontic retreatment reach 5-10% from the number of teeth treated exceeds 50 million and this number continues to increase every year. This study aims to identify and evaluate the distribution of endodontic retreatment cases at RSKGM FKG UI years 2009-2013. The research is a descriptive study through the medical records with endodontic retreatment and etiology of endodontic retreatment variables.

The results of this study indicate that the distribution of endodontic retreatment at RSKGM FKG UI years 2009-2013 amounted to 289 cases (4.4%). The conclusion of this study is the most common etiology of endodontic retreatment is inadequate obturation for 62% and the most rare etiology is missed canals for 3%."

"Latar Belakang: Profil Data Kesehatan Indonesia 2011 mencatat penyakit pulpa dan periapeks urutan ke-7 penyakit rawat jalan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini memberikan informasi distribusi penyakit pulpa dilihat dari etiologi dan klasifikasi di RSKGM, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Indonesia. Metode: Studi deskritif melalui rekam medik pasien tahun 2009-2013 dengan variabel etiologi dan klasifikasi penyakit pulpa. Hasil: Etiologi paling banyak ditemukan disebabkan karies (98.5%) dan penyakit pulpa paling sering ditemukan adalah nekrosis pulpa (45%). Kesimpulan: Kasus penyakit pulpa pada pasien di RSKGM-FKGUI paling banyak disebabkan oleh karies dan penyakit pulpa paling banyak ditemui adalah nekrosis pulpa.

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Background: Profil Data Kesehatan Indonesia 2011 recorded pulpal and periapical disease as the seventh disease treated in the outpatient in Indonesia.

Aim: This study was to provide information about distribution of pulpal disease based on etiology and classification in RSKGM, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia.

Method: Description study from medical record of patients period 2009-2013 with variable etiology and classification of pulpal disease.

Results: The most found etiology is caries (98.5%) and pulpal disease is necrosis pulp (45%).

Conclusion: Pulpal disease in patients of RSKGM-FKGUI is mostly caused by caries and pulpal disease that mostly found is necrosis pulp."

"Penyakit periapikal merupakan lanjutan dari penyakit pulpa akibat karies atau trauma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai penyakit periapikal berdasarkan etiologi dan klasifikasi di RSKGM FKG UI tahun 2009-2013 sehingga dapat digunakan untuk rencana pencegahan. Jenis penelitian adalah studi cross-sectional deskriptif melalui data rekam medik dengan variabel etiologi dan klasifikasi penyakit periapikal. Hasil menunjukkan persentase penyakit periapikal 10% dari total penyakit pulpa dan periapikal, 98.28% disebabkan oleh karies dan 1.72% disebabkan oleh trauma. Diagnosis yang paling banyak ditemui adalah abses alveolar kronis (57.72%).

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Periapical disease is a continuity from pulpal disease caused by caries or trauma. This study aimed to obtain information about periapical disease etiology and classification in RSKGM FKG UI in 2009-2013 so that it can be used for the prevention. Type of study is a cross-sectional descriptive study through dental medical records with etiology and classification of periapical disease as variable. The result shows the percentage of periapical disease by 10% of the total pulpal and periapical disease cases. 98.28% were caused by caries and 1.72% were caused by trauma. Periapical disease that commonly found is chronic alveolar abscess (57.72%)."

"Perawat merupakan populasi yang banyak mengeluhkan nyeri kepala primer. Stres kerja menjadi faktor yang erat dikaitkan sebagai pemicu nyeri kepala primer pada perawat. Nyeri kepala primer dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif, seperti penurunan kualitas hidup hingga peningkatan intensi perawat untuk meninggalkan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan stres kerja dengan kejadian nyeri kepala primer pada perawat rumah sakit. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan berupa studi cross-sectional terhadap 95 orang perawat rumah sakit yang dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan diantaranya Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) untuk mengukur tingkat stres kerja serta Headache Screening Questionnaire (HSQ) untuk mengidentifikasi jenis nyeri kepala primer. Data yang telah didapatkan lalu dilakukan analisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara stres kerja dengan kejadian nyeri kepala primer pada perawat (p = 0,033; α = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, rumah sakit dapat berperan untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang positif dan minim stres serta diharapkan perawat mampu memanajemen stres dan memanfaatkan fasilitas klinik pegawai untuk mendapatkan perawatan.

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Nurses are a population that often complains of primary headaches. Work stress is a factor that is closely linked as a trigger for primary headache in nurses. Primary headaches can have negative impacts, such as reducing quality of life and increasing nurses' intention to leave work. This study aims to identify the relationship between work stress and the incidence of primary headaches in hospital nurses. The type of research carried out was a cross-sectional study of 95 hospital nurses who were selected using the purposive sampling method. The instruments used include the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) to measure work stress levels and the Headache Screening Questionnaire (HSQ) to identify primary headache types. The data that has been obtained is then analyzed statistically using the Chi-Square test. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between work stress and the incidence of primary headaches in nurses (p = 0,033; α = 0,05). Based on these results, hospitals can play a role in creating a positive and minimally stressful work environment and it is hoped that nurses will be able to manage stress and use of employee clinic facilities to receive treatment."

"Latar Belakang: Kondisi bakteremia merupakan penyebab sepsis yang mengancam jiwa, sehingga deteksi awal terhadap etiologi bakteremia sangat penting. Pengetahuan mengenai pola resistensi bakteri terhadap berbagai antimikroba dapat berguna sebagai landasan bagi pengobatan empirik pasien dengan dugaan sepsis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil dan pola resistensi bakteri yang diperoleh dari isolat darah terhadap antibiotik sefalosporin generasi tiga di LMK FKUI pada tahun 2001-2006. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data hasil kultur darah positif dari Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (LMK-FKUI) tahun 2001-2006 yang dimasukkan ke dalam piranti lunak WHOnet 5.4. Dari seluruh isolat, dibandingkan antara persentase bakteri gram positif dan negatif dan dilakukan pendataan pola resistensi bakteri yang ada di dalam darah terhadap sefalosporin generasi tiga. Pada seftriakson, analisis dilakukan pada 2 periode, yaitu 2001-2003 dan 2004-2006. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis. Hasil: Dari data yang ada, didapatkan 791 isolat darah positif, yang terdiri dari 66,37% bakteri gram negatif dan 33,63% bakteri gram positif. A.anitratus, P.aeroginosa, K.pneumonia, dan E.aerogenes merupakan bakteri gram negatif tersering. Pada keempat bakteri tersebut, yang resisten terhadap sefotaksim adalah sebesar 10%; 27,4%; 14,3%; 20,5%, sedangkan terhadap seftazidim ialah 8%;9,5%; 22,9%; 9,4%; terhadap seftizoksim, jumlah isolat sebanyak 1,9%; 22,4%; 10,5%; 4,2%. Pada bakteri gram positif, S.aureus dan S.epidemidis merupakan bakteri tersering. Dari data yang di bagi pada 2 periode, pola kepekaan bakteri dalam darah cenderung meningkat tajam pada K.pneumonia dari 41,7% menjadi 81,2%. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil kultur darah di LMK FKUI 2001-2006, bakteri gram negatif merupakan bakteri tersering yang ditemukan pada kultur darah di LMK FKUI periode 2001-2006. Bakteri gram negatif terbanyak yang didapatkan adalah A.anitratus, P.aeroginosa, K.pneumonia, dan E.aerogenes. Akan tetapi, bakteri yang paing sering ditemukan diantara seluruh isolat adalah stafilokokus koagulase negatif. Didapatnya isolat A.anitratus dan stafilokokus koagulase negatif pada perlu dipertimbangkan kemaknaannya secara klinis sebagai penyebab sepsis karena beberapa penelitian menyampaikan bahwa adanya kedua bakteri merupakan kontaminan yang sering didapatkan pada kultur darah. Kurangnya data mengenai riwayat pasien dan penanganan spesimen, serta teknis pengerjaan kultur menyebabkan hasil sulit diinterpretasikan.

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Introduction: Bacteremia is one of the common etiology of sepsis, so that its early detection is important. Knowledge about bacteria resistance pattern toward various antimicrobial therapies is essential to give empirical therapy for patients with sepsis in clinical practice. The objective of this research is to know the bacterias profile and resistance pattern from blood culture towards third generation cephalosporins in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia (CML-FMUI) 2001-2006. Methods: We used positive blood culture datas in CML-FMUI 2001-2006, from software WHOnet 5.4. The proportion of negative- and positive-gram bacteria isolates were collected. Their resistance pattern towards third generation cephalosporins was made in table and diagram. the resistance pattern towards ceftriaxone was made in 2 periodes of time (2001-2003 and 2004- 2006). In discussion, we analyzed the datas compared to other researches. Results: From all 791 positive-isolates, gram negative bacteria accounted for 66,37%, higher than 33,63% of gram-positive bacteria. A.anitratus, P.aeroginosa, K.pneumonia, and E.aerogenes was the most common negative-gram bacterias isolated from blood culture. Their resistance pattern towards cefotaxime were 10%; 27,4%; 14,3%; 20,5%, towards ceftazidime were 8%;9,5%; 22,9%; 9,4% and towards ceftizoxime were 1,9%; 22,4%; 10,5%; 4,2%. Two most frequent positive-gram bacterias were S.aureus and S.epidermidis. Toward ceftriaxone, there was dramatic changes of K.pneumonia’s resistance pattern in 2 periodes, from 41,7% to 81,2%. Conclusions: Negative-gram bacteria was the major bacteria in blood culture result in CMLFEUI 2001-2006. The most frequent of these bacteria were A.anitratus, P.aeroginosa, K.pneumonia, and E.aerogenes. However, the highest number of isolates among all blood culture results was Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Isolations of A.anitratus and Coagulase-negative staphylococci need to be evaluated clinically as the cause of sepsis, because some studies suggested that those organisms were the common blood culture contaminants. Lack of data about patients history, specimen handling, and methods of blood culture made the positive blood culture results difficult to be interpreted."

"Latar belakang: Penyebab stunting bersifat multifaktorial, salah satu faktor risikonya adalah malnutrisi kronis akibat kurangnya asupan protein. Kurangnya asupan protein dapat menyebabkan terjadi penurunan IGF-1, yaitu salah satu faktor pertumbuhan penting dalam pembangunan sel tubuh. IGF-1 juga memiliki peran dalam perkembangan kompleks dentoalveolar, terutama pada enamel, akar gigi, dentin, ligamen periodontal, dan jaringan pulpa gigi. Perlu dianalisis apakah gangguan perkembangan kompleks dentoalveolar akibat penuruan kadar IGF-1 pada anak stunting juga mempengaruhi waktu erupsi gigi. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara kadar IGF-1 dengan waktu erupsi gigi pada anak stunting. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan pedoman alur Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) pada tiga electronic database, yaitu PubMed, EBSCO, dan Scopus. Penilaian kualitas literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan QUADAS-2. Hasil: Terdapat 5 studi yang terpilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar IGF-1 lebih rendah pada anak stunting dibandingkan dengan kelompok anak normal. Hal ini disebabkan karena kadar IGF-1 dalam darah dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, di antaranya yaitu nutrisi, status gizi, dan usia. IGF-1 yang rendah pada anak stunting berpotensi menyebabkan keterlambatan waktu erupsi gigi karena mengganggu mekanisme persinyalan molekul selama erupsi gigi, seperti BMP-2, Runx-2, dan TGF-. Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar IGF-1 yang rendah dengan erupsi gigi pada anak stunting. Ekspresi IGF-1 yang rendah dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan waktu erupsi gigi karena mengganggu proses maturasi gigi.

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Background: The causes of stunting are multifactorial, one of the risk factors causing stunting is chronic malnutrition due to lack of protein intake. Lack of protein intake can cause the decrease of IGF-1 level, which is one of the important growth factor supporting the growth and development of somatic cells. Furthermore, IGF-1 also has a role in the development of the dentoalveolar complex, especially enamel, tooth roots, dentin, periodontal ligament, and dental pulp tissues. It should be clarified whether the disturbances of dentoalveolar complex development due to decreased IGF-1 level in the stunted children would also affect the eruption time of the dentition. Objective: To analyze the relationship between IGF-1 level and the timing of tooth eruption in stunted children. Methods: Literature researches were done by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines through three electronic databases, which were PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus. Quality assessment of bias was examined using QUADAS-2 tool. Results: There were 5 selected studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study showed that IGF-1 levels were lower in stunted children compared to normal children. The influencing factors of the level of IGF-1 in the blood, are nutritional status and age. Low level of IGF-1 in stunted children has the potential to cause delays in the timing of tooth eruption, by interrupting the activity of BMP-2, Runx-2, and TGF-β. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between low IGF-1 level and the timing of tooth eruption in stunted children. Low IGF-1 expression can cause disturbances in the timing of tooth eruption because it interferes with the dental maturity process."

"Latar belakang: Latihan Brandt Daroff (BD) dan latihan Modifikasi Manuver Epley (MME) merupakan rehabilitasi vestibular sebagai terapi latihan mandiri di rumah bagi penderita Vertigo Posisi Paroksismal Jinak (VPPJ) yang menggunakan sistem sensori terintegrasi. Secara fisiologis, BD berperan dalam proses adaptasi sistem vestibular dan MME berperan dalam reposisi otolit. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan efek terapi latihan vestibular mandiri BD dan MME terhadap perbaikan gangguan keseimbangan penderita VPPJ. Metode: Studi pendahuluan dengan desain kuasi eksperimenpada 23 subjek VPPJ yang diperoleh secara consecutive sampling, laki-laki dan perempuan berusia 2060 tahun. Secara random dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok BD(n=12) dan kelompok MME(n=11)untuk latihan mandiri di rumah. Nilai Symptoms Severity Score (SSS) dianalisis menggunakanuji McNemar dan nilai posturografi dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan atau uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank bila sebaran data tidak normal. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada nilai SSS pada latihan BD dan latihan MME (p<0,05). Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna pada nilai posturografi dengan latihan MME. Ditemukan perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) pada sepuluh variabel posturografi dengan latihan BD. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) dari nilai SSS dan posturografi antara latihan Brandt Daroff dan MME. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbaikan bermakna nilai SSS yang lebih cepat pada kelompok yang diberi latihan Brandt Daroff dibandingkan dengan kelompok MME."

"[ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Gangguan tidur adalah kumpulan kondisi yang ditandai dengan gangguan jumlah, kualitas, atau waktu tidur. Dampaknya adalah gangguan belajar, memori, perubahan mood, perilaku, dan kesulitan mempertahankan perhatian. Data intervensi Sleep Hygiene di Indonesia belum tersedia.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui: (1) prevalens dan gambaran gangguan tidur, (2) pengaruh intervensi Sleep Hygiene pada keluhan mengantuk, mood, kesulitan bangun, dan durasi tidur, (3) pengaruh intervensi terhadap nilai SDSC dan PDSS.Metode: Penelitian quasi eksperimental di 3 SDN di Jakarta Pusat pada bulan Mei-Juni 2015. Skrining gangguan tidur menggunakan Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) dan Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Murid dengan gangguan tidur dimintakan persetujuan intervensi selama 8 minggu. Evaluasi dengan kuesioner SDSC dan PDSS.Hasil: Prevalens gangguan tidur 25,1%. Gambaran gangguan tidur yaitu Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61,5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61,5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55,4%, dan Disorder of arousal (DA) 51,5%. Terdapat perbaikan keluhan mengantuk, perubahan mood, dan kesulitan bangun pagi. Terdapat penurunan nilai SDSC pre dan post intervensi (p < 0,001).Kesimpulan: Prevalens gangguan tidur anak usia sekolah 25,1%. Dampak intervensi sleep hygiene yaitu perbaikan keluhan mengantuk, perubahan mood, dan kesulitan bangun pagi. Terdapat perbedaan bermakan nilai SDSC pre dan post intervensi.ABSTRACT

Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score.;Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score., Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score.]"