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"Jakarta is the center of economic, politic, cultural activities and also the center of the state defense. Along with development in many sectors, numbers of building development grows accordingly with numerous functions: hotel, office, apartment, shop, amusement center, restaurant or a mix at the aforementioned functions. A commercially managed hotel should meet certain standards; one of them is fire prevention throughta system that called Fire Safety Management. The existence of Fire Safety Management is important as most hotel guests have no or little knowledge at how to respond in case of fire. This research on hotel Fire Safety Management is used to observe the correlation between application of Fire Safety Management and reliability of building in preventing and controlling this caused by fire in hotels in Jakarta. This research uses primary and secondary data. Primary data is gathered by distributing questioners to hotel building managers, data gathered is then analyzed by using statistic program SPSS 10.0 to obtain measurable and relevant indicators to improve reliability at a hotel building. Data analysis shows same parameters in Fire Safety Management, which are: Pre-estinguishment at fire : 50,0, Response to alarm and signal: 33,6 , other variable from dummy analysis is : Identification potential at fire : 12, 3 . The result at this research can be used to improve role of Fire Safety Management in building reliability in general and hotel building in specific."

"Influence of Fire Safety Management (FSM) to Building Reliability in Preventing Fire Damage at Hotel Buildings in JakartaJakarta is the center of economic, politic, cultural activities and also the center of the state defense. Along with development in many sectors, numbers of building development grows accordingly with numerous functions: hotel, office, apartment, shop, amusement center, restaurant or a mix at the aforementioned functions. A commercially managed hotel should meet certain standards; one of them is fire prevention through a system that called Fire Safety Manage, rent. The existence of Fire Safety Management is important as most hotel guests have no or little knowledge at how to respond in case of fire.This research on hotel Fire Safety Management is used to observe the correlation between application of Fire Safety Management and reliability of building in preventing and controling the damages caused by fire at hotels in Jakarta.This research uses primary and secondary data. Primary data is gathered by distributing questioners to hotel building managers, data gathered is then analyzed by using statistic program SPSS 10.0 to obtain measurable and relevant indicators to improve reliability at a hotel building.Data analysis shows same parameters in Fire Safety Management, Which are: Pre-estinguishment at fire : 50,0 %, Response to alarm and signal : 33,6 % , other variable from dummy analysis is : Identification potential at fire : 12, 3 %. The result at this research can be used to improve role of Fire Safety Management in building reliability in general and hotel building in specific."

"The paper reviews the standard ot' design and installation of the Active Fire ProtectionSystems for hotel buildings to minimize tire risk. When a tire occurs, activeprotection system is necessary that pinpoints its location. Once detected, the first lineof defense against tire is a sprinkler system or other active tire protection systems.Active Fire Protection Systems are detectors & alarm systems, automatic sprinklersystems, risers, extinguishing systems, and smoke control, all of which is aimed tosolve the problem of fire damage.ln major cities around the world especially in Jakarta, hotel buildings have been, areand will be designed and built to provide safe and comfortable space for human lifeand various activities. The fire risk is inherent in the building itself and it is of utmostimportance to eliminate or keep this risk and its consequences as small as possible.On December 3 lst, 1986 a tire occurred in the Dupont Plaza Hotel and Casino, SanJuan, Puerto Rico, lt happened because The Hotel did not have dispensary ot`the tireprotection system in each floor. When thc iirc came and burncd, the building couldnot extinguish the tire because it did not have the needed tire detector and sprinklersin place.From 50 questionnaires sent to various hotel buildings in Jakarta, 30 responses werereceived to be viable for in dept analysis. The result of analysis shows clearly that theactive fire protection .tyvtents are positively correlated in a linear manner to three ofthe key active fire protection variables. The key variables influencing buildingreliability in good design and 'installation standard. The threc variables are heatdetector, portable exting-uis/ter, and rzulomatic sprinkler. This research can bc used t0control and measure the standard design and installation of the hotel buildings."

"The Fire damage occurs in unpredictable time and can cause losses to the owner because of the damage. It can occur in buildings that do not have Fire Protection and Fire Safety Management System in the building. By detecting and preventing against fire damage, which arise in unpredictable times will prevent loss of lives and assets of the buildings.There has been considerable research into the fire damage such as at the Polo Condominium in Colorado. The Polo Condominium that was built in 1967 caught fire on October 31' because it did not have the Fire Protection System in each floor. When the fire came and burned the building interior, the building could not extinguish the fire because it did not have fire detector and sprinklers in place.To solve the problem, in Jakarta there are a lot of guidelines such as the Minister Of Public Works Decree # 02IKPTSI1985 for Fire Safety in building. But from many fire damages, the guidelines could not accommodate the problem because the buildings did not incorporate Fire Protection and Fire Safety Management System. Relevant research indicated that Fire Protection and Fire Safety Management System are very important to detect and prevent against fire damage. In this research, the Fire Protection and Fire Safety Management System are defined as Fire Safety Design which have been taken from many relevant theories and journals.From 50 questionnaires sent to various high rise office buildings in Jakarta, 30 responses were received to be viable for in depth analysis. The result of the analysis shows clearly that the Fire Safety Design is positively correlated in a linear manner to four of the key Fire Safety Design variables. The four key variables influencing building reliability in design carried out by the consultant and controlled by the construction manager in the projects are : detection and fire alarm, building architecture, the designer's fire certificate and special equipment to stop fire_ This research can then be used to control and measure the quality of Future Fire Safety Design of the high rise building reliability in Jakarta."

"Bahaya kebakaran yang timbul pada bangunan tinggi akan menyebabkan kerugian baik kehilangan aset (bangunan itu sendiri), jiwa dan kegiatan bisnis dimasa depan. Hal ini terjadi karena Fire Safety Design yang ada tidak mampu bertahan terhadap bahaya kebakaran tersebut. Dalam rangka mengatasi hal tersebut diatas maka dimulai dari tahap perencanaan maka pihak yang terkait dalam hal ini pihak Konsultan Perancang dapat memahami dan melakukan perencanaan terutama Fire Safety Design dengan efektif dan efisien sehingga dapat meminimalkan resiko kebakaran serendah mungkin. Walaupun telah dilakukan perencanaan sistem Fire Safety Design, namun resiko terhadap terjadinya kebakaran tetap ada, yang nantinya akan menimbulkan kerugian. Untuk menanggulangi hal tersebut diatas maka kerugian tersebut dapat dialihkan kepada pihak asuransi.Penelitian ini akan menganalisa model konsultan perancang yang mampu melakukan perencanaan bangunan tinggi khususnya dalam bidang Fire Safety Design sehingga nantinya bangunan tinggi tersebut akan mampu bertahan terhadap bahaya kebakaran.Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini didapat faktor penentu yang berpengaruh pada score kehandalan bangunan adalah 81.5% dipengaruhi oleh kursus/pelatihan/seminar tenaga ahli mengenai fire safety design dan 6% dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman konsultan secara umum. d. Variabel lain yang berpengaruh diluar variabel penentu yang masuk kedalam variabel dummy adalah kesesuaian dengan tuntutan proyek dalam hal jadwal, biaya dan mutu.Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan kontribusi terhadap upaya pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kehandalan bangunan tinggi perkantoran terhadap bahaya kebakaran, memberikan masukan terhadap owner dalam menentukan konsultan perancang yang dapat menghasilkan rancangan yang handal, memberikan informasi pada kontraktor agar dapat mengetahui cara-cara/nmetode yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kehandalan bangunan, memberikan informasi bagi konsultan perancang sebagai obyek penelitian, agar selalu melaksanakan prosedur/metode untuk menghasilkan rancangan yang handal, dengan mengetahui factor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kehandalan bangunan maka pihak asuransi dapat memperkirakan tingkat risiko yang harus ditanggungnya."

"Wilayah DKI Jakarta merupakan kota dengan jumlah kejadian kebakaran per tahun yang tinggi dibandingkan wilayah lain di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kajian tentang variasi dan distribusi kejadian kebakaran sebagai bagian dari mitigasi bencana perkotaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kejadian kebakaran di DKI Jakarta tahun 2017 hingga 2021, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kejadian kebakaran, serta menganalisis wilayah rawan kebakaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah overlay, spatial join, scoring, serta analisis spasial deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kejadian kebakaran di DKI Jakarta paling sedikit terjadi di akhir pekan, berhubungan dengan puncak musim hujan dan kemarau, serta cenderung meningkat di masa liburan panjang. Mayoritas objek yang terbakar berupa permukiman dengan sebab berupa gangguan aliran listrik. Kejadian kebakaran di DKI Jakarta memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan unsur-unsur cuaca, kepadatan bangunan, jumlah penduduk berusia 65 tahun ke atas, jumlah penduduk berusia 0-4 tahun, kerapatan jalan, dan kerapatan drainase. Terdapat dua model wilayah rawan kebakaran di DKI Jakarta yang dibuat berdasarkan variabel-variabel tersebut dengan variasi berupa penambahan variabel rata-rata kejadian kebakaran sebelumnya. Hasil pencocokan terhadap data kejadian kebakaran tahun 2017 hingga 2021 menunjukkan bahwa model dengan variabel rata-rata kejadian kebakaran sebelumnya lebih sesuai untuk menggambarkan wilayah rawan kebakaran di DKI Jakarta.

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The DKI Jakarta area has a high number of fire incidents per year compared to other regions in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to study the variation and distribution of fire incidents as part of urban disaster mitigation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the fire incidents in DKI Jakarta from 2017 to 2021, to analyze the factors that influence those fire incidents, and to synthesize models of fire-prone areas. The methods used are overlay, spatial join, scoring, and descriptive spatial analysis. The results of this study indicate that fire incidents in DKI Jakarta occured least frequently on weekends, were associated with the peaks of the rainy and dry seasons, and tended to increase during long holidays. The majority of the objects affected were settlements, with the cause being electrical disturbances. Fire incidents in DKI Jakarta have a significant correlation with building density, population aged 65 years and over, population aged 0-4 years, road density, and drainage density. Two models of fire-prone areas in DKI Jakarta were made based on those variables with variations made by adding the average number of previous fire incidents variable. The results from matching fire incident data from 2017 to 2021 show that the model with the average number of previous fire incidents variable is more suitable for describing fire-prone areas in DKI Jakarta."

"Sektor perkantoran yang berada pada bangunan bertingkat tinggi memiliki potensi bahaya dan risiko kebakaran yang signifikan. Penelitian ini memiliki fokus pada analisis sistem proteksi aktif, sistem proteksi pasif, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, dan manajemen keselamatan kebakaran di Kantor Pusat PT XYZ. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi observasional dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, telaah dokumen, serta menggunakan instrumen lembar checklist. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi aktual terhadap Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 26/PRT/M/2008, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 48 Tahun 2016, Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 20 Tahun 2009, dan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem proteksi kebakaran aktif memperoleh persentase tingkat kesesuaian sebesar 85,2% dengan kriteria baik, sistem proteksi kebakaran pasif memperoleh persentase tingkat kesesuaian sebesar 66,6% dengan kriteria cukup, sarana penyelamatan jiwa memperoleh persentase tingkat kesesuaian sebesar 91,5% dengan kriteria baik, serta manajemen keselamatan kebakaran memperoleh persentase tingkat kesesuaian sebesar 91,8% dengan kriteria baik. Secara umum, elemen sistem proteksi kebakaran dan manajemen keselamatan kebakaran di Kantor Pusat PT XYZ telah memenuhi peraturan dan standar dengan persentase rata-rata yaitu 83,7%.

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The office sector located in high-rise buildings has the potential for significant fire hazards and risks. This study focuses on the analysis of active protection systems, passive protection systems, means of escape, and fire safety management at PT XYZ Head Office. The research design uses an observational study with a semi-quantitative approach. Data collecting is gathered through direct observation, interviews, document review, and using the checklist sheet instrument. Data analysis is performed by comparing the actual conditions with Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 26/PRT/M/2008, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 48 Tahun 2016, Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 20 Tahun 2009, and Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). According to the results of the study, the active fire protection system obtained a percentage level of conformity of 85,2% with good criteria, the passive fire protection system obtained a percentage level of conformity of 66,6% with sufficient criteria, means of escape obtained a percentage level of conformity of 91,5% with good criteria, and fire safety management obtained the percentage of conformity level of 91,8% with good criteria. In general, the elements of fire protection systems and fire safety management at PT XYZ Head Office have complied with regulations and standards with an average percentage of 83,7%."

"Pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi, melibatkan banyak pihak seperti pemilik, kontraktor, subkontraktor, konsultan perencana, konsultan pengawas, supplier dan lain sebagainya, memakai berbagai jenis sumber daya, dan juga menghadapi masalah yang sulit atau bahkan tidak bisa dikendalikan, sehingga diperlukan adanya alat atau metode perencanaan yang dapat menggantisipasi seawal mungkin permasalahan-permasalahan yang akan timbul pada waktu pelaksanaan. Pihak-pihak tersebut diatas merupakan tim proyek atau peserta yang berkepentingan dan terlibat dalam penyelenggaraan dan hasil proyek. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi akan ditentukan oleh kemampuan para peserta atau pelaku utamanya, tersedianya perangkat yang lengkap dan berkualitas, dan terpenuhinya hubungan yang baik antara peserta proyek, juga dengan adanya pengendalian dan pengawasan yang baik.Subkontraktor mernpunyai peran yang signifikan dan juga memainkan peran yang vital dalam dunia industri konstruksi. Subkontraktor adalah seorang atau beberapa orang yang dinyatakan dalam kontrak sebagai subkontraktor untuk bagian pekerjaan atau, seorang atau beberapa orang kepada siapapun bagian pekeajaan disubkontrakkan. Kontraktor utama menyerahkan sebagian pekerjaan kepada subkontraktor karena alasan-alasan efisiensi dan produktivitas, tidak mempunyai tenaga ahli yang produktif dan peralatan konstruksi yang memadai. Proses pemilihan hampir sama dengan pemilihan kontraktor utama, dengan penekanan pada beberapa aspek karena jenis pekerjaan yang spesifik dan lingkup kerjanya terbatas. Tujuan dalam penyeleksian subkontraktor, untuk menjamin agar biaya pelaksanaan sesuai/dibawah rencana, waktu pelaksanaan sesuai/dibawah rencana dan mutu yang akan diserahkan sesuai gambar dan spesifikasi.Dalam penelitian ini, mengambil hubungan atau jenis kontrak yang sering dipraktekkan di Indonesia, yaitu menggunakan jasa kontraktor dan konsultan, yang disebut pendekatan tradisional dengan kontrak harga menyeluruh (lumpsum). Dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian seberapa besar pengaruh kualitas subkontraktor pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi bangunan pabrik terhadap kinerja proyek di wilayah Jabotabek, serta seberapa jauh model regresi dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan antara pengarah kualitas subkontraktor dengan kinerja biaya dan waktu.Hasil-hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa variabel-variabel kualitas subkontraktor pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi bangunan pabrik terhadap kinerja biaya dan waktu di wilayah Jabotabek. Diperoleh 3 variabel penentu untuk model hubungan kualitas subkontraktor terhadap kinerja biaya adalah faktor penyediaan dana pinjaman, proposal yang diajukan oleh subkontraktor dan pengadaan peralatan segi kualitas. Dan juga diperoleh 3 variabel penentu untuk model hubungan kualitas subkontraktor terhadap kinerja waktu adalah: pengalaman subkontraktor, kemampuan tenaga kerja dari segi kualitas dan pengawasan pemakaian material dari segi kualitas.Hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut didapat dari 23 sampel yang telah dapat memenuhi persyaratan statistik Sampel tersebut didapatkan dari 30 angket yang diberikan atau diisi oleh responden dari pimpinan-pimprnan proyek pihak kontraktor pada proyek-proyek pabrik di wilayah Jabotabek dan sekitarnya. Analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis korelasi, analisis faktor, analisis variabel penentu, dan analisis regresi berganda (multiple regression). Semua analisis tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan bantuan paket software Statistical Program for Science Release 9.0 atau SPSS 9.0 for Window.

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The construction process, involve many parties as an owner, contractor, subcontractor, design consultant, supervision consultant, supplier and others, with use the various of resources type, and also to face the complex problems or even can not be controlled, until the needed of equipment or planning method available that can anticipate for the problems early. The mentioned parties as a project team or an important participant and involved in the process and result of project. The success of project completion will be determined with capability of participant or the main performer, availabilities of complete and quality tools, and compiled with good relation between the project participants, and also exist of the good controlling and supervision.

The subcontractors have a significant role and play a vital role in the construction industry. Subcontractor means any person named in the contract as a subcontractor, or any person appointed as a subcontractor, for a part of works; and the legal successor in tide to each of these persons. The main contractors award a part of works for subcontractor to be efficient and economical in the use of available resources, are not always sufficiently extensive to afford full-time employment of skilled craftsmen in each of the several trade classifications needed in the field, and another common reason for subcontracting is when the project requires construction equipment; the prime contractor does not have. The selecting process almost the same with selecting for prime contractor, with the emphasizing of several aspects, because the the limited works scope and specific works type. The purpose of the subcontractor selecting is to ensure so that completion as budget, finished in time, and as quality.

In this observation, takes of the relationship or the contract that the most commons are used in Indonesia was an approach of traditional (owner, consultant and contractor), with lumpsum contract price. And the purpose of this observation was to view as much as of large of impact of subcontractor quality on the industrial construction building to project performance in Jabotabek region, and as much as of far of regression model can be used to describe relationship between impact subcontractor quality to performance of budget and time.

The results of the observation finding indicate that be found several variables of subcontractor quality on the industrial construction building to project performance in Jabotabek region. Obtained three variables of determinant for relationship model of subcontractor quality to budget performance are: factor of supplying of loan fund, submitted proposal by subcontractor and procurement of equipment to quality aspect. And also obtained three variables of determinant for relationship model of subcontractor quality to time performance are: experience of subcontractor, capability of manpower to quality aspect and supervision of material use to quality aspect.

And the results of the mentioned observation, obtained from 23 samples have been compiled with statistical requirement. The samples are obtained from 30 questionnaires sent or contained by respondent from project manager of contractor party on the projects of industrial building (factory) in Jabotabek region. The analysis was executed in the observation used analysis of correlation, analysis of factor and analysis of multiple regressions. The all analysis was processed with helping of Software package of Statistical Program for Science Release 9.0 or SPSS 9.0 for Window."

"Kasus terjadinya kebakaran mengakibatkan kerugian baik secara material maupun kematian. Dampak kerugian semakin terasa apabila objek yang mengalami kebakaran merupakan bangunan vital yang secara langsung berhubungan dengan kesinambungan berputamya perekonomian baik secara mikro maupun makro. Bangunan Industri adalah sarana yang mempunyai fungsi tempat mengelola bahan baku menjadi bahan jadi (kegiatan kerja untuk produksi), sarana perakitan dan kegiatan lain sejenis. Kegiatan dalam Bangunan Industri akan mengalami hambatan bahkan dapat terhenti sama sekali jika terjadi kasus kebakaran. Kerugian yang terjadi dapat meluas sarnpai tingkat keinginan investor baik dalam negeri maupun penanam modal asing dalam melakukan investasinya.Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Kebakaran DKI Jakarta frekwensi terjadinya kebakaran dalam lima tahun belakang hampir 1000 kali pertahunya, khusus untuk Bangunan Industri yang terbakar sebanyak 443 bangunan. Fakta ini tentunya perlu mendapat perhatian terutama yang menyangkut Fire Safety Desain (FSD). Kepekaan perencanaan oleh Manajemen Konstruksi profesional terhadap FSD terutama Sistim Proteksi Pasif pada bangunan industri akan mempengaruhi kehandalan bangunan dalam mencegah terjadinya bahaya kebakaran.Berdasarkan 35 sampel di Kawasan Industri Pulogadung yang ditabulasikan dari 46 yang disebarkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Sistem Proteksi Pasif disain jalan lingkungan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 53,4 % terhadap kehandalan bangunan dan kapasitas akses jalan masuk sebesar 28,7 % terhadap kehandalan bangunan dalam mencegah terjadinya kebakaran."