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Yudistira Salwarahmadhan
Kadar Vitamin A Serum pada Wanita Hamil Trimester Pertama dan Hubungannya dengan Asupan Vitamin A = Relation between Vitamin A intake with Serum Vitamin A Level in Pregnant Women in 1st Trimester
"Latar Belakang: Defisiensi vitamin A pada kehamilan adalah masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Namun hipervitaminosis A juga memiliki potensi teratogenik pada kehamilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan vitamin A dan kadar vitamin A serum pada kehamilan trimester pertama.
Metode: Desain penelitian adalah studi potong-lintang. Data adalah data sekunder yang diambil dari penelitian primer pada ibu hamil di Jakarta. Kadar vitamin A diperolah dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Asupan vitamin A diperoleh dari pengisian food frequency questionaire oleh responden. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan perangkat lunak SPSS for windows v.20.0.
Hasil: Hasil uji deskriptif memperlihatkan 97,4% memiliki kadar vitamin A serum yang cukup dan tidak ada subjek yang mengalami defisiensi vitamin A. Sebanyak 57,9% subjek mendapat asupan vitamin A yang memadai. Uji korelasi antara kadar vitamin A serum pada wanita hamil trimester pertama dan asupan vitamin A menunjukan nilai p 0,542.
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi yang berbeda bermakna antara kadar vitamin A subjek dan asupan vitamin A. Jumlah asupan vitamin A harian pada wanita hamil trimester pertama tidak perlu diatur dengan ketat.
Background: Vitamin A deficiency in pregnancy is a health problem in society. However, hypervitaminosis A is also has a teratogenic potency in pregnancy, The objective of this research is to find out the relation between vitamin A intake with serum vitamin A level in Pregnant Women in 1st Trimester.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from primary research done to pregnant women in Jakarta. The data of vitamin A intake are obtained from the food frequency questionnaire filled by the respondent. The data of serum vitamin A level are obtained by laboratory examination. The data is then analyzed by using SPSS for windows v.20.0 software.
Result: The test shows that 97.4% of the subject already have appropriate serum vitamin A level and no subject suffers from vitamin A deficiency. It is also found that 57.9% of the subject have adequate vitamin A intake. Correlation test has been done on serum vitamin A level in pregnant woman in 1st Trimester and the vitamin A intake shows p value of 0.542.
Conclusion: No Relation found beetween serum vitamin A level of the subject and the vitamin A intake. The amount of daily vitamin A intake in pregnant women in 1st Trimester should not be regulated strictly."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Annisa Nindiana Pertiwi
Korelasi antara kadar kalsium darah dengan asupan kalsium harian pada ibu hamil trimester pertama di Jakarta = Correlation between blood calcium level and daily calcium intake in 1st trimester pregnant women in Jakarta
"Pada masa kehamilan, terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan nutrisi yang digunakan untuk pertumbuhan janin dan perubahan fisiologis tubuh ibu. Kurangnya asupan gizi pada masa kehamilan dapat menyebabkan malnutrisi dan masalah kesehatan pada ibu dan janin. Kalsium merupakan salah satu mikronutrien yang berperan penting dalam mempertahankan kepadatan tulang ibu dan pertumbuhan tulang dan gigi bayi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui korelasi antara kadar kalsium darah dengan asupan kalsium harian khususnya pada ibu hamil trimester pertama. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel berjumlah 62 yang merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian primer yang dilakukan pada ibu hamil trimester pertama di beberapa rumah sakit di Jakarta. Data asupan diperoleh dengan menggunakan food frequency questionnaire, sedangkan kadar kalsium darah diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dengan menggunakan flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Data diolah melalui uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan uji Spearman dengan software SPSS versi 22 Mac OS X. Dari penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 93,5% subjek memiliki kadar kalsium normal dan sebagian besar (91,9%) subjek tidak mencapai angka kecukupan kalsium harian. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara kadar kalsium darah dengan asupan kalsium ibu hamil trimester pertama (p=0,803). Dibutuhkan penelitian yang lebih komprehensif terkait faktor-faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi kadar kalsium darah ibu hamil trimester pertama.
During pregnancy, the needs for most nutrients are increased to meet the demands of growing fetal and physiologic changes of the mother. Nutrient deficiency in pregnancy causes malnutrition and several problems of maternal and fetal health. Calcium is needed for maintaining bone density of mother and fetal development of bone and teeth. This research helps to find out the correlation between blood calcium level and daily calcium intake in first trimester pregnant women. This is a cross sectional research with 62 samples gathered from secondary data by the primary research done to pregnant women in several hospitals in Jakarta. The data of calcium intake is acquired from food frequency questionnaire, while blood calcium level is acquired from cilinical laboratory measurement by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The data is analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Spearman’s test in SPSS for Mac OS X version 22 software. It is found that 93,5% of the subjects have normal blood calcium level, but 91,9 % of them do not meet the minimum requirement of daily calcium intake. There is no correlation between blood calcium level and daily calcium intake (p=0.803). More comprehensive studies associated to other factors determining blood calcium level are needed."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jessica Winarsa
Kadar kalsium darah dan hubungannya dengan asupan kalsium dan vitamin d pada ibu hamil trimester I di RSIA Bunda dan RSIA Budi Kemuliaan tahun 2013-2014 = Blood calcium level and its relation with calcium and vitamin d intake among 1st trimester pregnant women in RSIA Bunda and RSIA Budi Kemuliaan year 2013-2014
"Banyak penelitian di berbagai belahan dunia menunjukkan bahwa nilai asupan kalsium dan vitamin D ibu hamil masih jauh di bawah nilai rekomendasi. Padahal, kalsium memiliki peranan penting dalam proses pembentukan tulang janin selama kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar kalsium darah ibu hamil pada trimester I dan hubungannya dengan asupan kalsium dan vitamin D.
Studi potong lintang dipilih terhadap 120 subjek data sekunder ibu hamil trimester pertama di RSIA Bunda dan RSIA Budi Kemuliaan tahun 2013-2014. Data asupan kalsium dan vitamin D diperoleh dengan bantuan food frequency questionnaire FFQ. Sementara itu, data kadar kalsium darah diperoleh dengan menggunakan pemeriksaan laboratorium standar. Pengolahan data secara deskriptif dan analitik dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS for windows versi 20.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibu hamil memiliki nilai tengah usia 28 19-35 tahun, berpendidikan tinggi 53,5, memiliki pekerjaan 58,3, dan memiliki pendapatan tinggi 86,7. Nilai tengah asupan kalsium, asupan vitamin D, dan kadar kalsium darah ibu hamil berturut-turut adalah 418,9 20,5-1820,6 mg/hari, 1,9 0,0-6,9 mcg/hari, dan 8,9 8,1-10,1 mg/dL.
Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada korelasi bermakna baik antara asupan kalsium dengan kadar kalsium darah ibu hamil r=0,114; p=0,215, maupun antara asupan vitamin D dengan kadar kalsium darah ibu hamil r=0,103; p=0,265.
Many studies show that maternal calcium and vitamin D intake are still below the recommendation value. Whereas, calcium has important role in skeletal formation during pregnancy. This study was held to know maternal blood calcium level among the first trimester and its relation with calcium and vitamin D intake.
Cross sectional study was chosen to examine 120 data subjects from secondary data of 1st trimester pregnant women in RSIA Bunda and RSIA Budi Kemuliaan year 2013 2014. Data of calcium and vitamin D intake was collected using food frequency questionnaire FFQ. Besides, data of blood calcium level was analyzed by standard laboratory equipment. SPSS for windows version 20 was used to analyze the data descriptively and analytically.
The results show that pregnant women have median of age 28 19 35 years, high educated 53.5, worker 58.3, and having high income 86.7. The median value of calcium intake, vitamin D intake, and blood calcium level are 418.9 20.5 182.6 mg day, 1.9 0.0 6.9 mcg day, and 8.9 8.1 10.1 mg dL respectively.
The result of Spearman correlation test shows unsignificant correlation between calcium intake and bloood calcium level r 0.114 p 0.215, as well as between vitamin D intake and blood calcium level r 0.103 p 0.265. "
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S70362
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Theresia Indrawati
Hubungan asupan vitamin a dan Kadar retinol dengan status anemia pada ibu hamil trimester tiga = Relationship of vitamin a and retinol serum with anemia status in third trimester pregnant women
"[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan vitamin A dan kadar retinol dengan status anemia pada dua kelompok ibu hamil trimester tiga, yaitu kelompok anemia dan non anemia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di sepuluh puskesmas kecamatan Jakarta Timur dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian besar Departemen Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia yang berjudul “Peran Gizi, Faktor Maternal dan Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Ketiga terhadap Komposisi Mikrobiota Ibu dan Berat Lahir Bayi: Studi Kohort di Jakarta”. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2015. Sebanyak 113 subjek ibu hamil trimester tiga dengan usia kehamilan diatas 32 minggu ikut dalam penelitansetelah memenuhi kriteria penelitian dan dibagi dalam dua kelompok berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin yaitu anemia (Hb<11g/dL) dan non anemia (Hb≥11g/dL). Setelah itu dilakukan pengukuran antropometri, wawancara asupan, pemeriksaan hemoglobin, dan serum retinol. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik demografi, antropometri, asupan makanan (makronutrien dan mikronutrien), kadar hemoglobin, dankadar serum retinol. Rentang usia subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 19-44 tahun. Sebagian besar subjek (59,6%) memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah (lulus SMP atau SMA). Rerata usia kehamilan pada subjek penelitian ini adalah 34,32 ± 1,86 minggu pada kelompok anemia dan 35,18±1,73 minggu pada kelompok non anemia.Rerata asupan protein pada kedua kelompok ibu masih berada di bawah AKG yaitu <77g/hari. Rerata asupan lemak pada kelompok anemia lebih tinggi daripada kelompok non anemia (p=0,04). Asupan Fe kedua kelompok sudah sesuai dengan AKG yaitu 40mg/hari (p=0,82). Asupan folat pada kelompok anemia lebih rendahdan kurang dari AKG dibandingkan kelompok non anemia (p=0,16).Asupan vitamin B12, hampir tidak ada perbedaan rerata antara dua kelompok dan sudah sesuai dengan AKG. Median asupan vitamin A pada kelompok non anemia lebih tinggi dari kelompok anemia (p=0,52). Rerata kadar retinol pada kelompok anemia adalah 1,40±0,50 dan pada kelompok non anemia adalah 1,45±0,44. (p=0,55).Tidak didapatkan hasil yang bermakna setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat sebagai kontrol perancu.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin A and retinol levels with anemia status in two groups of three trimester pregnant women, namely the anemic and non anemic. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in ten sub-district Government Health Centre in East Jakarta and which part of a large research department of Nutrition Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, entitled "The Role of Nutrition, Maternal Factors and Maternal Health Services with the Composition of the Microbiota in Third Trimester Maternal and Infant Birth Weight : The study cohort in Jakarta". Data was collected from April untill May 2015. A total of 113 third trimester pregnant women with gestational age above 32 weeks (35.0 ± 1.8) were participated in research after met the study criterions. They were divided into two groups based on the levels of hemoglobin which were anemic (Hb<11g /dL) and non anemic(Hb≥ 11g / dL), and continue with anthropometric examination, interview and Hb measurement. The data collected included demographic characteristics, anthropometry, food intake (macronutrients and micronutrients), hemoglobin, and serum retinol. The age range of the subjects in this study was 19-44 years old. Most subjects (59.6%) had secondary education (graduated from high school or high school). The mean gestational age of the subjects was 34.32 ± 1.86 weeks in anemic group and 35.18 ± 1.73 weeks in non anemic. Mean of protein intake in both groups are still under RDA which < 77g/day. The mean of fat intake in anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p=0.04). Iron intake in both groups are in accordance with the RDA which 40mg/day (p=0.82). Folate intake was lower in anemia group than non-anemic group (p=0.16). There was no difference between vitamin B12 intake in both group andwere in accordance with RDA. The median of vitamin A intake in non-anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p = 0.52). The mean retinol serum levels in anemic group was 1.40 ± 0.50 and non-anemic group was 1.45 ± 0.44. (P = 0.55). No significant results obtained from multivariate analysis in order to control the confounders., The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin A and retinol levels with anemia status in two groups of three trimester pregnant women, namely the anemic and non anemic. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in ten sub-district Government Health Centre in East Jakarta and which part of a large research department of Nutrition Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, entitled "The Role of Nutrition, Maternal Factors and Maternal Health Services with the Composition of the Microbiota in Third Trimester Maternal and Infant Birth Weight : The study cohort in Jakarta". Data was collected from April untill May 2015. A total of 113 third trimester pregnant women with gestational age above 32 weeks (35.0 ± 1.8) were participated in research after met the study criterions. They were divided into two groups based on the levels of hemoglobin which were anemic (Hb<11g /dL) and non anemic(Hb≥ 11g / dL), and continue with anthropometric examination, interview and Hb measurement. The data collected included demographic characteristics, anthropometry, food intake (macronutrients and micronutrients), hemoglobin, and serum retinol. The age range of the subjects in this study was 19-44 years old. Most subjects (59.6%) had secondary education (graduated from high school or high school). The mean gestational age of the subjects was 34.32 ± 1.86 weeks in anemic group and 35.18 ± 1.73 weeks in non anemic. Mean of protein intake in both groups are still under RDA which < 77g/day. The mean of fat intake in anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p=0.04). Iron intake in both groups are in accordance with the RDA which 40mg/day (p=0.82). Folate intake was lower in anemia group than non-anemic group (p=0.16). There was no difference between vitamin B12 intake in both group andwere in accordance with RDA. The median of vitamin A intake in non-anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p = 0.52). The mean retinol serum levels in anemic group was 1.40 ± 0.50 and non-anemic group was 1.45 ± 0.44. (P = 0.55). No significant results obtained from multivariate analysis in order to control the confounders.]"
2015
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Isa Rosalia Ruslim
Korelasi antara asupan vitamin D dan skor paparan sinar matahari dengan kadar kalsidiol serum pada ibu hamil trimester 1 di Jakarta = Correlation between vitamin d intake and sun exposure score with serum calcidiol on first trimester pregnant women in Jakarta
"Hipovitaminosis D selama masa kehamilan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi selama kehamilan dan pada janin. Selain itu data mengenai status vitamin D pada ibu hamil terutama trimester 1 di Indonesia masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar kalsidiol serum pada ibu hamil trimester 1 dan korelasinya dengan asupan vitamin D dan skor paparan sinar matahari.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi potong lintang pada ibu hamil sehat usia 20-35 tahun dengan usia kehamilan <12 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata usia subyek 27,36+3,91 tahun dengan median usia kehamilan 9 minggu. Sebagian besar subyek berpendidikan tinggi (68,1%), status bekerja (70,2%) dengan pendapatan >UMP (59,6%) dan rerata IMT 23,74+3,83 kg/m2. Asupan lemak, protein, dan kalsium subyek
Median skor paparan sinar matahari adalah 14 (0-42) dengan median lama paparan 17,41 (0-85,71) menit. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar kalsidiol serum dengan kelompok lama paparan sinar matahari 5-30 menit dan >30 menit (p=0,033). Rerata kadar kalsidiol serum 39,26+10,25 nmol/mL (insufisiensi) dengan 100% subyek memiliki kadar kalsidiol serum < 80 nmol/L yang menggambarkan keadaan hipovitaminosis D.
Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar kalsidiol serum dengan skor paparan sinar matahari (r=0,087; p=0,562), dan asupan vitamin D (r=-0,049; p=0,745). Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil trimester 1 di Jakarta mengalami hipovitaminosis D sehingga perlu segera diatasi melalui konseling dan edukasi gizi.
Vitamin D deficiency could be related to several complications to pregnancy`s outcomes, both for mother and fetus. Besides, there is limited data regarding to vitamin D status among pregnant women in Indonesia especially during the first trimester. Therefore this study was performed to determine serum calcidiol on the first trimester of pregnancy and its correlation to vitamin D intake and sun exposure score.
The methode in this study was cross-sectional study among healthy pregnant women aged 20-35 years old on their first trimester of pregnancy. Average age of the subjects was 27.36±3.91 years old with median gestational age of 9 weeks. Most of the subjects was well educated (68.1%), working (70.2%) with monthly income equal and more than the province minimum salary (59.6%), and with BMI average of 23.74±3.83 kg/m2. Mostly the subjects had fat, protein, and calcium intake below its RDA with the average intake of 44.49±22.22 g/day; 45.07±19.35 g/day; 661.93±405.91 mg/day, respectively. Vitamin D intake was mostly below its RDA with a median of 2.9 mcg/day and ranged from 0.3 to 15.6 mcg/day.
The median score of sun exposure score was 14 that ranged from zerro to 42, with a median for its duration of 17.41 minutes that ranged from zerro to 85.71 minutes. In this study, there was significant differences between serum calcidiol and sun exposure duration in 5-30 minutes and more than 30 minutes groups (p=0,033). As the main finding, it reveals that the average of serum calcidiol was 39.26±10.25 nmoL/mL or classified as insufficient where all of the subjects (100%) had serum calcidiol less than 80 nmol/L (hypovitaminosis D).
However, there were no significant correlations between serum calcidiol with sun exposure score and vitamin D intake (r=0.087 and p=0.562; r=-0,049 and p=0.745, respectively). In conclusion, all of the pregnant women in Jakarta, especially in their first trimester had low vitamin D status. Therefore, intervention is needed, i.e. through prenatal counselling and nutrition education regarding to natural sources of vitamin D."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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Napitupulu, Luther Holan Parasian
Korelasi antara asupan vitamin d dengan kadar vitamin D dalam darah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama di Jakarta = Corellation between vitamin d intake and value of vitamin D in blood on firs trimester pregnancy in Jakarta
"Vitamin D adalah salah satu mikronutrien yang penting bagi manusia terlebih lagi pada ibu hamil. Di beberapa Negara kekurangan vitamin D menjadi masalah yang terabaikan terutama di negara Asia Tenggara termasuk di Indonesia. Ibu hamil yang kekurangan vitamin D dapat berisiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami pre eklampsia. Pada bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang mengalami kekurangan vitamin D dapat lahir dengan berat badan yang rendah dan kedepannya dapat mengalami gangguan pada organ penting seperti otak dan tulang. Oleh karena itu, pencegahan harus dilakukan sedini mungkin dari trsimester pertama. Namun terbatasnya fasilitas untuk mengukur tersebut mendorong untuk mencari tahu faktor yang berperan penting dalam kadar vitamin D seperti asupan harian.
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia pada tahun 2013 sampai 2014 dengan subjek ibu hamil trimester pertama yang tinggal di Jakarta.
Metode penelitian menggunakan pengukuran 25-hidroxivitamin D terstandar untuk memperoleh kadar vitamin D dalam darah subjek serta food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) untuk mengetahui asupan harian vitamin D subjek. Data yang diperoleh kemudian diolah menggunakan piranti lunak SPSS for Windows 20.0 lalu dianalisis dengan uji Spearman. Didapatkan bahwa persentase subjek hipovitaminosis vitamin D adalah sebesar 43,5% (27 orang, n = 62) dan seluruh subjek memiliki asupan vitamin D harian yang rendah.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara asupan harian vitamin D dengan kadar 25-hidroxivitamin D. Banyak faktor lain yang mempengaruhi misalnya adalah sinar matahari.
Vitamin D is one of the important micronutrients for humans especially pregnant women. In some countries, deficiency of vitamin D is one of neglected health problem, especially in South-East countries including Indonesia. Pregnancy women with deficiency vitamin D may be higher risk for having preeclampsia. In infants born from mother who have deficiency vitamin D may be born with low birth weight. Some important organs development will interference such as brain and bone. Therefore, prevention from deficiency vitamin D should be conducted as early as possible from first trimester pregnancy. But there are limitation in vitamin D measurement facilities so these research purpose is to elaborate the others factor that influencing vitamin D in blood and the most important factor is diet vitamin D. These research aims to determine whether a correlation between vitamin D intake and value of vitamin D in blood.
Running a cross-sectional study design, this research uses secondary data from a former research by Faculty Medicine of University Indonesia conducted in 2013 ? 2014 with pregnant women living in Jakarta.
The research method comprised a 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement and the usage of food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to obtain subject's vitamin D in blood and vitamin D intake respectively. Using SPSS for Windows 20.0 software, data is then analyzed by Spearman, resulting 43.5% (n = 62) of subjects being hypovitaminosis D (<10 ng/mL) and the whole subjects receiving under the boundary value of vitamin D (12 mcg/day).
This research shows that no correlation could be found between vitamin d intake and value of vitamin D in blood."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Rishka Purniawati
Kadar seng serum dan hubungannya dengan asupan seng dalam diet Ibu hamil trimester satu di Jakarta Tahun 2015 = Zinc serum level and its correlation with zinc intake in first trimester pregnant women in jakarta 2015
"Saat hamil terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan berbagai mikronutrien salah satunya adalah seng. Asupan seng yang adekuat selama kehamilan berperan dalam kesehatan janin. Namun, defisiensi seng sebagai akibat dari asupan yang tidak adekuat atau bioavailabilitas seng yang rendah masih menjadi masalah bagi negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan antara asupan seng dalam diet dengan kadar seng serum ibu hamil trimester satu dalam rangka menurunkan angka defisiensi seng di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 62 ibu hamil trimester satu dipilih melalui simple random sampling.
Dari penelitian ini diperoleh nilai media asupan seng pada ibu hamil trimester satu adalah 2.26 (0.3-51.8) mg/hari. Sebanyak 90.3% subjek penelitian tidak memenuhi asupan seng sesuai rekomendasi AKG. Nilai median kadar seng serum ibu hamil trimester satu dalam penelitian ini adalah 61.29 (39.0-102.0) ug/dL.
Terdapat korelasi negatif lemah dan bermakna secara statistik antara kadar seng serum dan asupan seng dalam diet ibu hamil trimester satu (r = -0.266, p = 0.037). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kadar seng serum perlu dipertahankan dalam interval normal, antara lain dengan kecukupan asupannya dari makanan dan suplementasi, khususnya selama masa kehamilan
There is an increasing need in micronutrient including zinc as adequate zinc intake plays role in fetal health. Nevertheless, zinc deficiency as a result of insufficient intake or low bioavailability is a problem in developing countries including Indonesia. This research observe the association between zinc intake and the serum level of zinc in first trimester pregnancy with the goal to reduce zinc deficiency in Indonesia. There are 62 subjects of first trimester pregnant women and this study is done using cross-sectional design with simple random sampling.
It is found that the median of zinc intake in first trimester pregnant women is 2,26 (0,3-51,8) mg/day. This research found that 90,3% of subjects did not fulfill the recommended dietary allowances for zinc intake. The median serum level of zinc in first trimester pregnant women is 61,29 (39,0-102,0) ug/dL. There is weak inverse correlation that is significant statistically between zinc serum level and zinc intake in first trimester pregnant women (p = 0,037, r = -0,266). It is concluded that zinc serum level must be maintained in the normal interval, such as an adequate intake and supplementation, especially during pregnancy"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Inayah Syafitri
Pengaruh terapi Vitamin D3 terhadap kadar 25(OH)D dan 1,25(OH)2D serum pada wanita hamil dengan defisiensi dan insufisiensi Vitamin D = The effect of Vitamin D therapy on 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D serum maternal concentration in pregnant women with insufficiency or deficiency of Vitamin D
"Tujuan: Mengetahui dosis terapi vitamin D yang optimal untuk ibu hamil dengan defisiensi dan insufisiensi vitamin D
Metode: Uji klinis acak terkontrol dilakukan Juni 2019–Desember 2022 di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RSUD Koja, Jakarta. Subjek adalah wanita hamil usia kehamilan ≤14 minggu dengan defisiensi atau insufisiensi vitamin D (25(OH)D<30 ng/ml). Subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, kelompok pertama mendapatkan terapi vitamin D3 50.000 IU/minggu dan kelompok kedua mendapatkan terapi vitamin D3 5.000 IU/hari. Intervensi diberikan selama 4 minggu. Pengukuran kadar 25(OH)D dan 1,25(OH)2D dilakukan pada awal dan akhir intervensi.
Hasil: Subjek awal berjumlah 60 orang, dan 8 subjek mengalami drop out. Karakteristik dasar subjek pada kedua kelompok setara. Kadar awal 25(OH)D tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna di antara kedua kelompok (p=0,552). Pemberian terapi vitamin D3 50.000 IU/minggu selama 4 minggu meningkatkan kadar 25(OH)D secara signifikan (dari 14,5±4,3 menjadi 27,9±9,3 ng/mL, p<0,001) dan meningkatkan kadar 1,25(OH)2D namun secara statistik tidak signifikan (p=0,257). Pemberian terapi vitamin D3 5.000 IU/hari selama 4 minggu meningkatkan kadar 25(OH)D secara signifikan (dari 15,3±4,7 ng/mL menjadi 26,9±6,1 ng/mL, p<0,001) dan juga meningkatkan kadar 1,25(OH)2D secara signifikan (p=0,042). Namun tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna baik pada delta 25(OH)D (p=0,694), maupun delta 1,25(OH)2D di antara kedua kelompok dosis (p=0,641).
Kesimpulan: Terapi vitamin D3 50.000 IU/minggu selama 4 minggu sama efektifnya dengan vitamin D3 5.000 IU/hari dalam meningkatkan kadar 25(OH)D serum pada wanita hamil dengan defisiensi dan insufisiensi vitamin D. Kedua dosis tersebut juga aman dan dapat ditoleransi oleh ibu hamil.
Objective: To determine the optimal therapeutic dose of vitamin D for pregnant women with insufficiency or deficiency of Vitamin D
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from June 2019 to December 2022 at Cipto Mangunkusumo National Center General Hospital and Koja District Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Subjects were ≤14 weeks gestation pregnant women with insufficiency or deficiency of Vitamin D (25(OH)D<30 ng/ml]. Two intervention groups were randomly assigned: 5,000 IU vitamin D3 daily or 50,000 IU weekly. Maternal blood samples were collected before and after four weeks of interventions to assess changes in serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D).
Result: Sixty subjects were randomized into two groups, and eight subjects were dropped out. The basic demographics of subjects in both groups were equivalent. There were no differences in baseline levels of 25(OH)D between two groups (p=0.552). In the 50,000 group, 25(OH)D levels increased from 15.3 ± 4.7 ng/mL to 26.9 ± 6.1 ng/mL (p<0.001). The 1,25(OH)2D levels increased however, the increase is not statistically significant. While in the 5,000 group, the 25(OH)D levels increased from 14.5 ± 4.3 ng/mL to 27.9 ± 9.3 ng/mL (p<0.001) and the 1,25(OH)2D levels increased significantly (p=0.042). However, the increment 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D were not statistically significant between two groups.
Conclusion: Vitamin D3 50,000 IU weekly is equally effective and safe as 5,000 IU daily in increasing 25(OH)D serum levels in pregnant women with insufficiency or deficiency of Vitamin D."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Amanda Cyko Prasetyo
Korelasi antara asupan Asam Folat dengan kadar Folat dalam darah pada Ibu hamil trimester pertama = Correlation of folic acid intake and blood folate levels in pregnant women in the first trimester
"Asam folat adalah salah satu mikronutrien yang dibutuhkan pada masa kehamilan, khususnya pada trimester awal. Berdasarkan Riskesdas, kebutuhan asupan asam folat pada ibu trimester awal adalah 600 mcg. Pada ibu hamil defisiensi folat sering terjadi sehingga memberikan banyak efek pada masa kehamilan, seperti berat badan lahir rendah, kejadian defek tabung neural, dan lain-lain. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi antara asupan asam folat dengan kadar folat dalam darah.
Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan menggunakan 62 sampel yang berasal dari data sekunder sebuah penelitian primer dengan subjek wanita hamil trimester pertama di rumah sakit yang berlokasi di Jakarta. Data asupan asam folat didapatkan dari FFQ, sedangkan untuk kadar folat darah sewaktu didapatkan melalui pengukuran dengan FBP. Pengolahan data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 20 Mac OSX dengan menggunakan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov dan uji Spearman's.
Pada penelitian ditemukan angka asupan folat yang rendah 25,8% dengan median 23,75 (nilai maksimum 32,4 dan minimum 17,3), namun kadar folat serum dalam darah normal bahkan berlebih pada subjek dengan median 19,34 (nilai minimum 11,67 dan maksimum 34,6). Berdasarkan penelitian yang sudah dilakukan tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi antara asupan asam folat dengan kadar folat dalam darah dengan nilai (p=0,201) dan nilai r yang rendah (r=0,165).
Folic acid is one of the micronutrients needed during the term of pregnancy, especially in the first smester. Based on Riskesdas, folic acid total intake in the first term pregnancy is 600 mcg. In pregnant women folate deficiency often occurs that gives a lot of effect on pregnancy, such as low birth weight is low, the incidence of neural tube defects, and others. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the intake of folic acid and folate levels in the blood.
The study used cross sectional design using 62 samples derived from secondary data from a primary research with the subject of the first trimester pregnant women in hospitals are located in Jakarta. The measurement used for folic acid intake by using food frequency questionnare (FFQ) and FBL used for measuring folate serum in the blood . Processing of the data used by using SPSS software version 20 Mac OSX using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman's test.
The study found that low folate intake figure of 25.8% with a median of 23.75 (32.4 maximum value and minimum 17.3) and the median of folate serum level is 19,34 (a minimum value of 11, 67 and a maximum of 34.6). Based on research that has been done there is no correlation between folate intake and folate serum level in the first trimester of pregnancy with values (p = 0.201) and a lower value of r (r = 0.165)."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dwi Rendra Hadi
Kadar Asam Lemak Omega-3 dan Omega-6 pada Ibu Hamil Trimester-1 dan hubungannya dengan Status Gizi berdasarkan Indeks Massa Tubuhnya = Serum level of omega-3 and omega-6 in first semester pregnant women and its correlation with nutritional status based on body mass index
"Omega-3 dan omega-6 berperan penting dalam kehamilan, asam lemak esensial yang saling terkait ini, berperan penting dalam penentuan masa gestasi ibu, pertumbuhan perilaku serta pembentukan saraf pusat janin, sehingga perlu dijaga rasio kadarnya. Angka gizi lebih semakin meningkat di Indonesia, dan diduga berpengaruh terhadap kadar omega-3 dan omega-6. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan kadar omega-3 dan omega-6 serum dengan status gizi berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh ibu hamil trimester satu dalam rangka menurunkan angka kurangnya keseimbangan omega-3 dan omega-6 di Indonesia. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 70 ibu hamil trimester satu, menggunakan desain studi potong lintang dan simple random sampling. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh 57,1% subjek mengalami gizi lebih dan 7,1% mengalami gizi kurang. Kadar ALA 173,37 (1,18-724) μg/ml, EPA 9,74 (0,06-166) μg/ml, DHA 15,45 (1,2-96) μg/ml, total n-3 199,65 (22,7-776,51) μg/ml, LA 1849,93 (119-8986) μg/ml, ARA 263,48 (21-993) μg/ml, total n-6 2114,24 (210-9643) μg/ml dan perbandingan n-3:n-6 1:10 (1:20-1:2,7). Uji Spearman menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi bermakna antara kadar omega-3 dan omega-6 dengan indeks massa tubuh, Uji chi square antara rasio omega-3:omega-6 dengan Indeks massa tubuh tidak menunjukkan korelasi bermakna, p 0,307. Perlu perubahan asupan makanan lebih kaya omega-3 untuk mengatasi kekurangan rasio omega-3 dan omega-6 seiring mengurangi angka gizi lebih.
Omega-3 and omega-6 are important for pregnant mother. Those essential fatty acid affect gestation time, fetal behavior and central nervous system development. Overnutrition is becoming problem in Indonesia and nutritional status seems to have role in determining omega-3 and omega-6 serum level. This research observe the association between nutritional status and the serum level of omega-3 and omega-6 with the goal to reduce omega-3 and omega-6 deficiency in Indonesia. There are 70 subject of first semester pregnant woman. This study is done using cross sectional design with simple random sampling. It is found that 57.1% have overweight and 7.1% have underweight. Serum level of ALA 173.37 (1.18-724) μg/ml, EPA 9.74 (0.06-166) μg/ml, DHA 15.45 (1.2-96) μg/ml, total n-3 199.65 (22.7-776.51) μg/ml, LA 1849.93 (119-8986) μg/ml, ARA 263.48 (21-993) μg/ml, total n-6 2114.24 (210-9643) μg/ml and ratio of n-3:n-6 1:10 (1:20-1:2.7). Spearman correlation test shown no significant correlation between any omega-3 and omega-6 serum level with BMI. Chi square between omega-3 and omega-6 ratio does not shown significant correlation with BMI category, p 0.307. Modification of food intake with higher omega-3 is needed to reduce deficiency in omega-3 and omega-6 ratio while reducing overweight case."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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