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"Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air perlu mengidentifikasi kawasan lindung dan budidaya atau discharge-recharge area. Setiap kawasan ini memilki kelebihan dan kekurangan tersendiri relatif terhadap kepentingan yang ada. Tidak jarang terjadi konflik kepentingan dalam penetapan kawasan ini sehingga penetapan batas antara discharge-recharge area menjadi sangat krusial. Penetapan discharge-recharge area dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan simulasi groundwater flow dengan memperhatikan sisi karakteristik air tanah. Pada penelitian ini, penulis berusaha melakukan identifikasi discharge-recharge area dengan program model dua dimensi elemen hingga saturated-unsaturated. Diketahui bahwa program model dua dimensi saturated adalah model yang lebih sederhana sehingga program model ini lebih murah. Akan tetapi, dalam penggunaannya program model ini terbukti tidak dapat dipakai untuk penetapan discharge-recharge area karena tidak mampu mengakomdasi terjadinya simulasi aliran air tanah yang mampu menembus muka air tanah. Hal ini merupakan konsep dasar yang harus terpenuhi. Program model yang mampu mengakomodasi hal ini adalah program model dua dimensi saturated-unsaturated.

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Water Resources Management need to identify groundwater conservation and cultivation area or discharge-recharge area. Each area has its own advantages and disadvantages relative to interest. There are often happen a confilct of interest caused by determination of this area, so that the determining boundary discharge-recharge area become crucial. Determination of discharge-recharge area can be done using groundwater flow simulation by considering the groundwater characteristics. In this study, the author attemped to identify discharge-recharge area using two dimensional saturated-unsaturated finite element program model. It is known that two dimensional saturated program model is simpler program model so that the it is less expensive model. However, this program model is proven can not be used to determine discharge-recharge area because it is can not accomodate the simulation that groundwater flow is able to penetrate."

"ABSTRAKBeberapa tahun terakhir Depok mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat dibidang pembangunan, salah satunya pembangunan apartemen. Hal tersebut tidak terlepas dari wilayah Depok yang berdekatan dengan Jakarta sebagai Ibukota Negara Indonesia. Keberadaan sejumlah apartemen menimbulkan pertanyaan bagi khalayak ramai mengenai pemenuhan sumber air bersih bagi penghuni. Skripsi ini membahas tentang pemanfaatan sumber daya air tanah oleh apartemen di Kota Depok guna memenuhi kebutuhan penghuni apartemen, serta pengaturan terkait sumber daya air tanah yang mengalami perkembangan dari era kemerdekaan hingga era pasca reformasi dan implementasinya. Lebih daripada itu skripsi ini juga membahas mengenai isu air sebagai hak asasi manusia, sehingga pemenuhan terhadapnya perlu dilindungi. Penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian yuridis normatif yang juga dikenal sebagai penelitian kepustakaan dengan tipologi yang dipergunakan adalah deskriptif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan-temuan terkait ketidak sesuaian implementasi pemanfaatan sumber daya air tanah terhadap regulasi yang ada. Dengan demikian penulis memberikan saran berupa perbaikan pengelolaan sumber daya air yang terintegrasi dengan berbagai aspek, seperti ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan, serta perbaikan dalam sistem internal pemerintah.

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ABSTRAKIn the last few years Depok has become a city with rapid growth in construction sector with the high amount of apartements. It?s because the location of Depok near Jakarta as capital city of Indonesia. This situation make people curious about the fulfilment of clean water resource for the apartment?s resident. This thesis discussing about the utilization of groundwater resources by apartments in Depok to fulfill the resident?s need, and the regulations related to groundwater resources that have evolved from the independence era to the post-reform era and its implementation. Moreover, this study also discussing about the issue of the right of water, so that the fulfilment of water must be protected. This study is using a form of normative research, or also known as legal research with a descriptive typology. This Study discovered incompatibility implementation of utilization of groundwater resources to the existing regulations. Therefore it is necessary to improve the management of water resource that integrate with other aspects, such as economic, social and environment, as well as improvements in internal goverment system."

"Kota Pekanbaru belum terlayani air bersih seluruhnya oleh PDAM. Hal ini menyebabkan semakin banyak masyarakat membuat sumur air tanah dangkal. Pada kecamatan Bukit Raya keberadaan air tanah dangkal yang masih melimpah di daerah Kota Pekanbaru. Situasi ini, air tanah dangkal dapat semakin menurun daya dukungnya akibat bertumbuhnya populasi dan menurunnya lahan terbuka. Interaksi antara manusia dengan sumber daya air tanah dangkal menjadi perhatian untuk diteliti. Karenanya tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis sumber, daerah resapan, kualitas, ketersediaan, daya dukung air tanah dangkal, pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan, perilaku kebutuhan air tanah dangkal oleh rumah tangga, dan deskripsi model keberlanjutanya. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner, dan analisis air tanah dangkal. Analisis penelitian ini dengan metode analisis interpretasi, statistik dan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian sumber air tanah dangkal berasal dari pasir, daerah resapan yang cenderung menurun dalam 5 tahun, kualitasnya pada kondisi cemar. Analisis statistik pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan memiliki pengaruh 32,4% terhadap perilaku kebutuhan rumah tangga. Ketersediaan air tanah dangkal hingga tahun 2030 adalah sedangkan kebutuhan air bersih hingga tahun 2030 adalah. Status daya dukung air tanah dangkal aman. Model keberlanjutan air tanah dangkal untuk kebutuhan rumah tangga masih berlanjut dengan skenario hemat air dan peningkatan distribusi air PDAM.

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The city of Pekanbaru has not been fully served by clean water by the PDAM. This causes more and more people to make shallow groundwater wells. In Bukit Raya District, shallow groundwater is still abundant in Pekanbaru City. This situation, ground air is decreasing, increasing support, and decreasing open land. Talk between humans and groundwater resources Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyze sources, regions, quality, participation, air carrying capacity, knowledge, attitudes, actions, needs, groundwater, households, and description of the sustainability model. The research data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires, and analysis of shallow groundwater. The analysis of this research was interpretive, statistical and descriptive analysis methods. The results of groundwater research from sand, catchment areas that tend to decline in 5 years, the quality is in polluted conditions. Statistical analysis of knowledge, attitudes and actions has a 32.4% influence on household needs behavior. The need for ground water up to 2030 is 251,117,828.62 m³, while the need for clean water until 2030 is 71,485,794.97 m³. The carrying capacity of shallow groundwater is safe. The groundwater sustainability model for household needs still uses air-saving schemes and increases PDAM water distribution."

"Air merupakan kebutuhan mendasar yang harus dipenuhi karena fungsinya yang utama yaitu untuk kelangsungan hidup manusia. Bertambahnya jumlah penduduk namun tidak disertai dengan bertambahnya supply air minum, adanya tuntutan hidup sehat, serta pertumbuhan ekonomi mendorong pertumbuhan industri Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) sehingga menciptakan persaingan. Kecamatan Pademangan merupakan wilayah yang rawan akan penyediaan air bersih. Memicu masyarakat sekitar untuk beralih menggunakan AMDK sebagai kebutuhan akan air minum yang bersih dan higienis. Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji persaingan AMDK yang berlangsung di tingkat retail dalam Kecamatan Pademangan. Penggunaan teknik overlay peta dan skoring adalah untuk menghasilkan wilayah persaingan di Kecamatan Pademangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Kecamatan Pademangan merupakan wilayah dengan tingkat persaingan sedang yang mencakup sebagian besar wilayah di Kecamatan Pademangan yaitu wilayah industri, pemukiman teratur, pemukiman tidak teratur serta wilayah perdagangan. Wilayah dengan tingkat persaingan sedang, sangat didominasi oleh ketersediaan AMDK merk baru, variasi merk dan keragaman kemasan AMDK dengan kelas sedang.

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AbstractWater is a fundamental requirement to be met because the main function is to human survival. Increase of population but is not accompanied by increased supply of drinking water, the demands of a healthy life, and encourage economic growth in industrial growth in Package Drinking Water (bottled drinking water) so as to create competition. Subdistrict Pademangan is a region prone to water supply. Triggering the surrounding community to switch to using bottled drinking water as the need for clean drinking water and hygienic. This study wanted to assess the competition that took place in bottled drinking water in Sub Pademangan retail level. The use of map overlay techniques and scoring is to generate competition in the Sub-region Pademangan. Based on the research results can be seen that Pademangan District is a region with a level of medium competition are covering most areas of the District Pademangan ie industrial areas, residential regular, irregular settlements and trade areas. Areas with the level of competition is, very much dominated by the availability of a new brand bottled drinking water, variety and diversity of packaging brand bottled drinking water with the class being."

"The big challenge in developing of community based water sypply is the issue of 'sustainability. The failures and success of community based management are determined by some factors, they are technical, social, financial, community institution and environment. In this paper the case study is in Cibodas Village as a best practice community based water supply which has been conducting since 1984 until now. The objective is to obtain the lesson learned for implementation of policy of community based water supply. Methodology of data collection is by field observation, questionnare, interview, and the analysis by descriptive analysis. The succes factors of water supply management are because of potencial water resourcese, the trust of the consummer to the community Water Body, community rules and commitment of the consumers, good administrative water management. Is is recommended the community is as the subject in commnity based management."

"ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sampai seberapa jauh pengaruh kualitas air sungai yang buruk mempengaruhi kualitas air sumur penduduk, sehubungan dengan masih banyaknya penduduk di RW 04 Kelurahan Manggarai yang menjadikan air sungai sebagai tempat membuang hajat dan menggunakan air sumur pampa sebagai air baku air minum.Masalah pokok yang diteliti adalah (a) berapa besar kandungan Escherichia coil di dalam air sumur-sumur pompa tangan penduduk pada jarak dari tepi sungai, kedalaman, dan pemakaian air yang berbeda-beda; (b) korelasi antara nilai Most Probable Number (MPN)" koli tinja dengan parameter fisika-kimia, sehingga dirumuskan hipotesis sebagai berikut:1) Makin banyak pemakaian air sumur, makin besar kemungkinan terkontaminasi koli tinja.2) Makin dalam sumur pompa penduduk, makin kecil kemungkinan terkontaminasi oleh bakteri koli tinja.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan cara mengambil sampel-sampel air sumur secara sensus dan air sungai secara acak, masing-masing 3 kali ulangan selama 3 hari berturut-turut di awal musim kemarau. Di samping itu diambil pula data kuesioner, wawancara, dan observasi langsung sebagai data penunjang.Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan cara analisis statistik menggunakan korelasi jenjang Spearman terhadap nilai MPN koli tinja dan parameter fisika-kimia.Hasil penelltian menunjukkan bahwa 9 dari 14 sumur pompa tangan yang diteliti telah tercemar oleh bakteri koli tinja, di mana faktor jarak dan kedalaman berpengaruh terhadap nilai MPN koli tinja. Sedangkan besarnya pemakaian air tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai MPN koli tinja. Di samping itu sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk dan tingkah laku masyarakat yang kurang saniter turut membantu pencemaran koli tinja ke air sumur-sumur pompa.Salah satu dampak pencemaran sumber air oleh E. coli di wilayah ini adalah tingginya angka penderita penyakit diare dan angka kematian bayi. Di samping itu kandungan E. coil yang tinggi juga merupakan beban yang berat bagi pihak Proyek Air Minum (PAM) DKI Jakarta dalam proses pengolahan air baku air minum.Diharapkan penurapan dan pemindahan lokasi pemukiman penduduk RW 04 (RT 006 sld RT 0017) ke lokasi pemukiman baru dapat menjadi prioritas pembangunan di Kecamatan Tebet. Hal ini mengingat kondisi kualitas air yang sangat buruk di samping lokasi tersebut (bantaran sungai) memang tidak layak sebagai kawasan pemukiman. Di dalam Rencana Bagian Wilayah Kota (RBWK) Kecamatan Tebet tahun 2005, kawasan tersebut telah diperuntukan sebagai kawasan hljau tanpa bangunan.

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this research is to know how deep the bad river water quality influences the well-water-pump quality in relation to the fact that people at RW 04 Manggarai Village use the river as a defecation place and the well-water-pump as the source of drinking water.

Research points of view are (a) how many Escherichia coli present in the well-water-pump in different distances from the river edge, in different depth of the well, and in different quantity of water usage; (b) the correlation between MPH fecal coil and physic-chemist parameters.

Therefore, the formulations of hypothesis are: (l) the more well-water-pump usage, the bigger the potentiality of fecal col. contamination. (2) The deeper the well water pump, the lesser the potentiality of fecal coli contamination.

This research was implemented by taking the well-water-pump samples with census sampling method and the river water samples with random sampling method, each sample 3 times a day for 3 consecutive days in the early dry season. Questioners, interviews, and direct field observation were also taken as supporting data.

Statistical analysis of the hypothesis was performed with Spearman rank correlation to the value of MPN fecal cola and physic-chemist parameters.

The result of this research indicates that 9 from the 14 well-water-pump tested were polluted by fecal coil bacteria, with distance and depth factors influencing the value of MPN fecal coll. Whereas the quantity of well water pump usage did not influence the value of MPN fecal coli. In addition, bad environmental sanitation and less sanitary-conscience human behavior also supported the fecal coil contamination to the well water pump.

Among the impacts of water-source pollution by E. coli in this area were the high diarrhea sufferer and infant mortality rate. The high E. coil content in the water source also represent the heavy burden of the drinking water processing at Jakarta Municipal Water Treatment Plant (PAM DKI Jakarta).

We hope that the plastering of river edges and the transfer of residents of RW 04 (RT 006 to RT 0017) to the new residence location would be the development priority of Tebet Sub district, considering the bad water quality and improper residence location. In the Regional City Division Plan (RBWK) of Tebet Sub district 2005, this area would be a green-open space."

"The potential of surface water supply in Cicatih-Cimandiri watershed is apparent as river flows along the year and catered from abundant spring waters. This potential water resources e used for various uses of deomestic, industry municipal, and agriculture. Increasing water requirements in the area in the last decade, with growing bottled water industries , water supply needs to be calculated more accurately. To determine river flow discharge, an AWLR (automatic water level recorder) was installed at one of the tributory, Cibojong, based on scoring analysis, there are two parameters (density of drainage network and maximum stream order) that have significant influence to surface water supply. Results of analysis indicated that proportions of the two parameters contributing to river discharge were balanced. To optimize water allocation, irrigation scheduling schemes was exercised to support existing rice field practices. Beside that, total water supply for 15 sub-districts in Cicatih-Cimandiri watershed ranges from 69.637 MCM to 336.177 MCM in dry season and ranges about double in west season. Total irrigated rice area in the 15 sub-districts was about 15.093 ha (BPS Survey , 2007) therefore the potential water supply would be sufficient to support three rice planting seasons."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengaplikasikan metode perhitungan daya dukung sumber daya air untuk kasus daerah perkotaan padat penduduk dan daerah pedesaan. Metode daya dukung sumber daya air yang digunakan adalah metode rasional dan metode kesetimbangan air. Status daya dukung sumber daya air ditentukkan dengan membandingkan ketersediaan dan kebutuhan sumber daya air.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa status daya dukung sumber daya air berdasarkan kedua metode tersebut menunjukan status defisit pada daerah perkotaan, namun surplus pada daerah perdesaan. Dalam skala yang lebih kecil status ini bervariasi secara spasial. Verivikasi di lapangan menunjukan status daya dukung sumber daya air bertolak belakang dengan hasil perhitungan dengan kedua metode. Daerah perdesaan yang surplus ternyata di lapangan mengalami defisit, dan juga sebaliknya pada daerah perkotaan.

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The purpose of this research is to apply the method of calculation capacity of water resources for cases urban areas high populated and rural areas. This research used rational method and water balance method. Status of capacity of water resources determained by comparing the availability and commodity of water resoources.

The results of the study showed that status of capacity of water resources base on both method showed status the deficit in the urban areas, but there was a surplus for rural areas. On a smaller scale this status varying in spatial. Field verification shown status capacity water resources in contrast with the calculation on with both method. Rural areas that surplus it appeared in the field suffered a deficit, and also in urban areas."

"Kota Bekasi hanya melayani masyarakat yang menggunakan PDAM sebesar 26.8%, sehingga sebagian besar masyarakat masih menggunakan sumber air berasal dari air tanah. Air tanah tersebut digunakan sebagai sumber air minum melalui sistem self-supply. Saat ini keandalan self-supply masih menjadi isu di masyarakat walaupun sumber air ini merupakan salah satu sumber yang sangat terjangkau. Pemantauan yang dilakukan secara kontinu selama delapan bulan kepada responden dilakukan guna mengetahui perilaku sumber air minum mereka, termasuk rasa, warna, bau, ketersediaan, dan keamanannya melalui persepsi rumah tangga. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penilaian keandalan sumber air minum self-supply, mengetahui perbandingan penilaian keandalan antara self-supply dan non self-supply, serta mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi dari keandalan self-supply. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei melalui telepon kepada responden dan analisis STATA 16 dengan uji Chi-Square, uji korelasi Phi, dan analisis Regresi Logistik. Berdasarkan pengolahan data yang dilakukan, maka penilaian keandalan sumber air minum menghasilkan nilai untuk skala rumah tangga sebesar rata-rata keandalan sumur bor adalah 92% dan 74% sumur gali. Sedangkan berdasarkan skala kota, diseluruh bulan selama pemantauan menghasilkan nilai keandalan ≥15 poin sehingga baik sumur bor dan sumur gali bernilai andal diseluruh bulan, meskipun sumur gali mendapatkan penilaian lebih rendah. Perbandingan analisis penilaian keandalan antara self-supply dan non self-supply menghasilkan P = 0,028 (P<0,05) berdasarkan uji Chi-Square sehingga terdapat perbedaan signifikan variabel penilaian keandalan antara self-supply dengan non self-supply yang bernilai signifikan. Persentase hasil penilaian sumber air minum self-supply sebesar 83 % andal sedangkan non self-supply sebesar 92%. Variabel yang memiliki hasil signifikan terhadap penilaian keandalan adalah jenis sumur, kejadian hujan 24 jam sebelum wawancara, dan kejadian banjir. Sumur bor memilikipeluang 4,11 kali dibandingkan sumur gali terhadap keandalan sumber air minum. Tidak terjadi hujan 24 jam sebelum wawancara berpeluang 3,11 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan terjadinya hujan 24 jam sebelum wawancara terhadap keandalan sumber air minum. Kejadian tidak banjir 8,85 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kejadian banjir terhadap keandalan sumber air minum. Sehingga secara keseluruhan menilai bahwa sumber air sumur bor jauh lebih andal, namun jika dibandingkan dengan sumber non self-supply responden masih menilai lebih andal sumber non self-supply, oleh karena itu diperlukan rekomendasi lanjutan.

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Bekasi City only serves people using PDAM by 26.8%. This means that most people living there still take groundwater sources. Groundwater is chosen as a source of drinking water through a self-supply system. Currently, the reliability of self-supply remains an issue in the community despite being an incredibly affordable water source. Continuous monitoring of the respondents for eight months was carried out to determine the behavior of their drinking water sources through household perceptions, including the taste, color, smell, availability, and safety. This study aimed to determine the reliability assessment of self-supply drinking water sources, the comparison of reliability assessments between self-supply and non-self-supply, and the factors that influence the reliability of self-supply. The research methods applied were telephone survey to respondents and STATA 16 program for analyzing with Chi-Square test, Phi correlation test, and Logistic Regression analysis. Based on the data processing, the reliability assessment of drinking water sources resulted in average reliability values of 92% for boreholes and 74% for dug wells on the household scale. Meanwhile, on the city scale, a reliability value of ≥15 points was obtained from the entire monitoring. This indicated that both boreholes and dug wells were reliable throughout the months, although dug wells received lower assessment. Comparison of the reliability assessment analysis between self-supply and non-self-supply led to P = 0.028 (P<0.05), with the Chi-Square test. Therefore, there was a major difference in the reliability assessment of self-supply and non self-supply variables. The percentages of the reliability assessment for self-supply and non-self-supply drinking water sources were 83% and 92% respectively. Variables with significant results in the reliability assessment included the type of well, the occurrence of rain 24 hours before the interview, and the incidence of flooding. For the reliability of drinking water sources, boreholes had a chance of 4.11 times higher than dug wells; no rain 24 hours before the interview had a chance of 3.11 times higher than the occurrence of rain 24 hours before the interview; and non-flood events had a chance of 8.85 times higher than flood events. Hence, borehole water sources were much more reliable. However, if compared to non-self-supply sources, respondents still consider non-self-supply sources more reliable. Therefore, further recommendations are needed. "