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"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Prevalens gangguan pernapasan dan fungsi paru meningkat pada pekerja pengumpul sampah. Belum terdapat data mengenai gangguan respirasi dan fungsi paru pada pemulung, khususnya di daerah Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Dilakukan pada pemulung yang bekerja dan tinggal di kelurahan Ciketing Udik, TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi pada bulan Januari - Maret 2014 dengan pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan spirometri, foto toraks dan CO udara ekshalasi.Hasil: Jumlah sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi 108 subjek. Gangguan respirasi sebanyak 92 subjek (85,2%). Gangguan respirasi yang dikeluhkan meliputi batuk kronik 73 subjek, sesak napas 65 subjek, berdahak 57 dan mengi 19 subjek. Gangguan fungsi paru sebanyak 18 (16,7%) subjek berupa obstruksi ringan 3 (2,8%) subjek, restriksi ringan 11 (10,2%) subjek dan campuran 4 (2,8%) subjek. Kelainan foto toraks ditemukan 16 subjek (14,8%). Kadar CO udara ekspirasi berada pada 5-10 ppm sebanyak 46 (42.6%) subjek.Kesimpulan: Terdapat gangguan respirasi dan fungsi paru pada pemulung di Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The prevalence of respiratory disorders and lung function increases in waste collection workers. There has been no data on respiratory disorders and lung function in scavengers, especially in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to the scavengers who work and live in Ciketing Udik, Bantargebang, Bekasi. Conducted in January-March 2014, doing interview with questionnaires, spirometry examination, chest X-ray and CO exhalation.Results: The number of samples that suitable with the inclusion criteria are 108 subjects. Respiratory disorders are 92 subjects (85.2%). The respiratory disorders consist of 73 subjects with chronic cough, 65 subjects due to shortness of breath, 57 with phlegm and 19 subjects wheezing. Lung function impairment consist of 18 (16.7%) subjects in the form of mild obstruction 3 (2.8%) subjects, mild restriction 11 (10.2%) subjects and mixed 4 (2.8%) subjects. Chest radiographic abnormalities found in 16 subjects (14.8%). Expiratory CO levels at 5-10 ppm are 46 (42.6%) subjects.Conclusion: There is respiratory disorders and lung function impairments of the scavengers in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.;Background: The prevalence of respiratory disorders and lung function increases in waste collection workers. There has been no data on respiratory disorders and lung function in scavengers, especially in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to the scavengers who work and live in Ciketing Udik, Bantargebang, Bekasi. Conducted in January-March 2014, doing interview with questionnaires, spirometry examination, chest X-ray and CO exhalation.Results: The number of samples that suitable with the inclusion criteria are 108 subjects. Respiratory disorders are 92 subjects (85.2%). The respiratory disorders consist of 73 subjects with chronic cough, 65 subjects due to shortness of breath, 57 with phlegm and 19 subjects wheezing. Lung function impairment consist of 18 (16.7%) subjects in the form of mild obstruction 3 (2.8%) subjects, mild restriction 11 (10.2%) subjects and mixed 4 (2.8%) subjects. Chest radiographic abnormalities found in 16 subjects (14.8%). Expiratory CO levels at 5-10 ppm are 46 (42.6%) subjects.Conclusion: There is respiratory disorders and lung function impairments of the scavengers in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi., Background: The prevalence of respiratory disorders and lung function increases in waste collection workers. There has been no data on respiratory disorders and lung function in scavengers, especially in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design to the scavengers who work and live in Ciketing Udik, Bantargebang, Bekasi. Conducted in January-March 2014, doing interview with questionnaires, spirometry examination, chest X-ray and CO exhalation.Results: The number of samples that suitable with the inclusion criteria are 108 subjects. Respiratory disorders are 92 subjects (85.2%). The respiratory disorders consist of 73 subjects with chronic cough, 65 subjects due to shortness of breath, 57 with phlegm and 19 subjects wheezing. Lung function impairment consist of 18 (16.7%) subjects in the form of mild obstruction 3 (2.8%) subjects, mild restriction 11 (10.2%) subjects and mixed 4 (2.8%) subjects. Chest radiographic abnormalities found in 16 subjects (14.8%). Expiratory CO levels at 5-10 ppm are 46 (42.6%) subjects.Conclusion: There is respiratory disorders and lung function impairments of the scavengers in Bantar Gebang, Bekasi.]"

"ABSTRAKPM2,5 merupakan salah satu pencemar udara yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan pernapasan manusia. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Greenpeace pada Februari 2017, rata-rata tingkat konsentrasi PM2,5 di tiga kota besar di Bekasi Tambun, Cikunir, dan Jatibening yaitu 75,67 g/Nm3 selama 24 jam. Tingkat konsentrasi ini melebihi baku mutu nasional sebesar 65 g/Nm3 selama 24 jam. Selanjutnya, pajanan PM2,5 dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan kualitas fungsi paru. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur hubungan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap di Terminal Kota Bekasi tahun 2018. Pengukuran konsentrasi PM2,5 dilakukan dengan EPAM 5000 pada 30 titik di sekeliling terminal menggunakan uji gravimetri, sedangkan gangguan fungsi paru diukur menggunakan spirometri pada 70 responden. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara terminal masih di bawah baku mutu berdasarkan PP No.41 Tahun 1999, namun terdapat 45,7 pedagang tetap yang fungsi parunya dibawah normal FEV1/FVC < 0,70 berdasarkan hasil ukur spirometri. Berdasarkan analisis hubungan, tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dengan gangguan fungsi paru, namun terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara durasi kerja, jenis kelamin, riwayat penyakit pernapasan kronis, dan status merokok terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap.

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ABSTRACTPM2.5 is one of pollutants that effect human respiratory health. Results of research conducted by Greenpeace in February 2017, the average rate of PM2.5 in the three major cities in Bekasi Tambun, Cikunir, and Jatibening is 75.67 g Nm3 for 24 hours. This concentration exceed the national environmental quality standard of 65 g Nm3 for 24 hours. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure can effect lung function quality. The study was conducted to measure the correlation between PM2.5 concentration and lung function impairment in permanent traders in Bekasi City Terminal 2018. The measurement of PM2.5 concentration was done with EPAM 5000 at 30 points around the terminal using gravimetric test, while the lung function impairment used spirometry in 70 respondents. The results showed that the concentration of PM2.5 in terminal air was still under environmental quality standard based on PP No.41 Year 1999, but there was 45.7 traders with lung function impairment FEV1 FVC."

"Residensi Keperawatan Medikal Bedah merupakan aplikasi praktek pada program spesialis yang menggali ilmu sesuai dengan peminatan, dalam hal ini adalah sistem pernapasan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan selama residensi adalah melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan dengan pendekatan model teori self care deficit Dorothea Orem. Masalah keperawatan yang sering muncul pada pasien dengan gangguan sistem respirasi adalah batuk, sesak, nyeri, demam, gangguan nutrisi dan kelelahan. Kegiatan berikutnya adalah pemberian intervensi berbasis bukti (evidence based nursing) dengan memberikan latihan napas pursed lip breathing pada pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronik (PPOK).Hasilnya adalah pursed lip breathing dapat menurunkan frekwensi pernapasan, meningkatkan arus puncak respirasi dan saturasi oksigen. Kegiatan berikutnya adalah dan melaksanakan program inovasi tentang water seal drainage 1 botol. Hasilnya adalah sangat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan pada pasien yang memerlukan pemasangan water seal drainage dilihat dari keamanan dan estetika penglihatan.Disimpulkan bahwa model Teori self care deficit Dorothea Orem dapat diterapkan dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan sistem respirasi, pursed lip breathing pada pasien penyakit paru obstruksi kronik, dan penggunaan water seal drainage 1 botol inovasi sangat direkomendasikan dapat memberi keamanan bagi pasien dan baik secara estetika penglihatan.

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Medical surgical nursing residency is the practice in the application of specialist practice where student explore a new science a technologi related to, in the respiratory system. The activities that always do during the residency is carring out nursing care with theoretical approach model self care deficit Dorothea Orem.

The nursing problem that always appears to patient with disorder of respiratory system are coughing, tightness, pain, fever, nutrisional disorders and fatique. The next step is giving evidence based nursing by giving breathing excercise is pursed lip breathing to Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

The result is pursed lip breathing that make be able to lower frequency breathing , increasing the current peak of respiration and oxygen saturation. The next activity is creating a new innovation program about water seal drainage one bottle. The result is highly recommended for use by patients who need the installation of a water seal drainage in the context of safety and visual aesthetics.

Concluded that the theory of model self care deficit dorothea orem can be applied in the implementation of nursing care for with disorders of respiration system, pursed lip breathing for patients chronic obstruction pulmonary disease and the user of water seal drainage one bottle of innovation is very recommended and it can give for patients and it?s better also from visual aesthetics."

"Di dunia, Asia Tenggara, maupun di Indonesia, penyakit respirasi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang besar karena mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi, terutama pada masyarakat lingkungan kumuh. Penyakit respirasi yang tetap menjadi masalah ialah PPOK, asma, tuberkulosis, dan ISPA. Kesuksesan mengurangi penyakit respirasi ditentukan oleh kebiasaan kesehatan seseorang yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang penting, yaitu sikap.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Januari 2011 di Kelurahan Petamburan, Kecamatan Tanah Abang, Jakarta Pusat. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara responden yang berusia di atas 18 tahunmenggunakan kuesioner dan pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan cara cluster consecutive sampling. Sikap yang diteliti yakni sikap mengenai kesehatan respirasi yang terdiri dari sikap mengenai penyakit respirasi, sikap mengenai kesehatan lingkungan, dan sikap mengenai pencegahan penyakit respirasi. Dari 107 sampel, didapatkan hasil sikap yang termasuk dalam kelompok baik sebanyak 36,45% dan kelompok sedang dan buruk 63,55%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara sikap mengenai kesehatan respirasi terhadap masalah kesehatan respirasi pada masyarakat di lingkungan kumuh (p=0,316), serta tidak terdapat hubungan antara setiap komponen sikap mengenai kesehatan respirasi terhadap masalah kesehatan respirasi.

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In the world, Southeast Asia, and in Indonesia, respiratory disease is a major health problem because ofthe high mortality and morbidity, especially in slum neighborhood. Respiratory diseases which remain problems areCOPD, asthma, tuberculosis, and acute respiratory infection. The success of reducing respiratory disease is determined by one's health habits which are affected by the important factors, namely attitude. This study is an observational analytic study using cross-sectional design. Data was collected in January 2011 in Kelurahan Petamburan, District of Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta. Data retrieval is done by interviewing respondents using questionnaires and the selectionof respondentsis done by cluster consecutive sampling. The attitude toward respiratory health consisting of attitude toward respiratory diseases, attitude toward environmental health, and attitude toward prevention of respiratory disease. Of the 107samples, showed that attitude of respiratory health in the group classified as good were36.45% and group classified as moderate and bad were 63.55%. It was concluded that there is no relationship between attitude toward health respirationand respiratoryhealth problems in slum area (p=0.316), and there is no relationship between each component of the attitude toward respiratory health and respiratory health problems."

"Mengetahui proporsi gangguan fungsi paru pada remaja jalanan perokok dan hubungan antara perilaku merokok dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Metode: Studi potong lintang pada 317 anak jalanan, usia 10-18 tahun, terdiri dari perokok dan bukan perokok. Uji fungsi paru dilakukan pada subjek dengan menilai FEV1/ FVC, FEV1, FVC, V50 dan V25. Hasil: Subjek perokok sebanyak 182 remaja jalanan (57,4%), sebagian besar merupakan perokok kadang-kadang (53%), lama merokok 1-2 tahun (54%), jenis rokok yang digunakan adalah rokok filter (58%), dan jumlah rokok yang dikonsumsi 1-10 batang per hari (93%). Rerata parameter fungsi paru subjek perokok lebih rendah dibandingkan bukan perokok, dengan perbedaan bermakna pada nilai FEV1 dan FVC (p<0,05). Rerata nilai FEV1 dan FVC subjek perempuan perokok berbeda bermakna dengan bukan perokok, begitupun dengan rerata nilai FVC subjek lelaki (p<0,05). Proporsi gangguan fungsi paru subjek perokok berbeda bermakna dengan bukan perokok (p=0,016). Terdapat hubungan antara jenis rokok dengan gangguan fungsi paru (p<0,001), dimana pengguna rokok kretek paling banyak mengalami gangguan. Terdapat hubungan antara derajat perilaku merokok dengan gangguan fungsi paru (p=0,046). Simpulan: Rerata parameter uji fungsi paru (FEV1 dan FVC) pada remaja jalanan perokok lebih rendah dibandingkan bukan perokok. Proporsi gangguan fungsi paru pada remaja jalanan perokok 26,5%, terdiri dari campuran (16,1%), restriktif (8,2%) dan obstruktif (2,2%). Jenis rokok dan derajat perilaku merokok memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian gangguan fungsi paru.

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Street children and smoking prevalence are highly increasing. Studies on pulmonary function among adolescent street children smokers are still limited with controversial result.

Objective: To determine proportion of pulmonary dysfunction among adolescent street children smokers and to evaluate relation between smoking behaviour with pulmonary dysfunction.

Methods: A cross sectional study among 317 street children, aged 10-18 years old, including smokers and non-smokers which were recruited consecutively. Subjects undergone pulmonary function test which measured FEV1/ FVC, FEV1, FVC, V50 and V25.

Results: Subject smokers were 182 children, most of them were occasional smokers (53%), smoking period around 1-2 years (54%), using filtered cigarettes (58%), and consuming 1-10 cigarettes per day (93%). Mean pulmonary function parameter values of smokers were lower than non-smokers, significant difference for FEV1 and FVC (p<0.05). Mean FEV1 and FVC between smoking and nonsmoking girls were significant difference, and also mean FVC of boys (p<0.05). There was significant difference in proportion of pulmonary function abnormalities between smokers and non-smokers (p=0.016). There was relation between types of cigarettes with pulmonary dysfunction (p<0.001), the abnormalities mostly impact to kretek smokers. There was relation between smoking behaviour with pulmonary function abnormalities (p=0.046).

Conclusion: Mean pulmonary function parameter values (FEV1 and FVC) of smokers were lower than non-smokers. Pulmonary dysfunction proportion among adolescent street children smokers was 26.5%, consist of combined disorder (16.1%), restrictive (8.2%) and obstructive (2.2%). There was relation between types of cigarettes and smoking behavior with pulmonary function abnormalities."

"Masalah kesehatan respirasi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting karena prevalensinya cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Menurut WHO, beberapa masalah kesehatan respirasi yang prevalensinya cukup tinggi di Indonesia adalah pneumonia, tuberkulosis, asma dan PPOK. Dalam penelitian ini, masalah kesehatan respirasi dikaitkan dengan kepuasan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan.Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dan diadakan di Kelurahan Petamburan. Pengambilan data dilakukan sejak 21 Januari 2012 ? 26 Januari 2012 dengan melibatkan 109 responden yang dipilih dengan metode consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang telah divalidasi sebelumnya.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi masalah kesehatan respirasi di lingkungan kumuh adalah 5,06%. Kepuasan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan tidak berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan respirasi baik untuk kepuasan terhadap hubungan dokter-pasien (p=0,451), fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (p=0,237) maupun sistem administrasi (p=0,219).

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Respiratory disease is an important health problem due to its high prevalence in Indonesia. According to WHO, several respiratory diseases of which prevalence are high in Indonesia are pneumonia, tuberculosis, asthma, and COPD. The goal of this research is to find out the association between respiratory disease and the satisfaction toward health-service.

This research uses the cross sectional design. It was held in Petamburan from January 21st - January 26th in 2012 by involving 109 respondents, chosen by consecutive sampling method. The data was collected by interviewing all respondents with a quesioner that has been validated.

The result shows the prevalence of respiratory diseases in rural area is 5,06%. There's no association between satisfaction toward health-service and the existence of respiratory disease in rural area either satisfaction toward the relationship between doctor-patient (p=0,451), toward health-care facilities (p=0,237), or administration system (p=0,219)."

"Penyakit respirasi merupakan salah satu penyakit yang paling mematikan di dunia, menurut WHO setelah penyakit kardiovaskular, penyakit yang mematikan berikutnya adalah penyakit respirasi. Salah satu penyakit respirasi yang umum di Indonesia adalah tuberkulosis, dan angka kejadian tuberkulosis di Indonesia terus meningkat walau secara global angka kejadian tuberkulosis menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara sikap dengan prevalensi penyakit respirasi yang terdiri dari PPOK, tuberkulosis, ISPA, batuk kronik, infeksi fungal, pneumonia, dan asma.Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional, dimana perolehan data dilakukan pada tiga rumah susun yang mewakili rumah susun di Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner sikap dan akan mewawancarai responden secara langsung. Responden pada penelitian ini berjumlah 120 orang. Beberapa hal lain yang ditanyakan antara lain penghasilan dan tingkat pendidikan responden.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan bahwa prevalensi penyakit respirasi dari 513 penduduk rumah susun adalah 41,9%. Secara berturut-turut dari masing-masing penyakit adalah ISPA 32,9%, TB paru 7,6%, PPOK 1,8%, asma 1%, infeksi fungal 0,8%, batuk kronik 0,6% dan pneumonia sebesar 0,2%. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data ditemukan bahwa sikap tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan penyakit respirasi (p=0,928). Pendidikan serta penghasilan memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan sikap(p=0,005 dan p=0,029).

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Respiratory diseases are one of the most deadly disease in the world, based on WHO, the second most deadly disease are respiratory diseases after the cardiovascular diseases as the most deadly diseases. One of the respiratory disease known well in Indonesia is the lung tuberculosis, and the insidence of this disease keeps rising although globally, the incidence of lung TB is going fewer. The purpose of this research is to seek the realtionship between attitude towards respiratory disease, and in this research, the respiratory diseases are COPD, lung TB, ARTI, chronic cough, fungal infection, pneumonia and asthma.The study is using a cross-sectional method, whereas the data were collected from three flats that represent the flats in Jakarta.Questionnaire was used as the data collection method and the researcher interviewed each of the respondents. The total sample for this study is 120 respondents. Few other questions that were asked are the income and the educational level. In this study, the prevalence of the respiratory disease of 513 occupants in flats is 41,9%. Spesifically, the prevalence of each diseases are: ARTI 32,9%, TB 7,6%. COPD 1,8%, asthma 1%, fungal infection 0,8%, chronic cough 0,6%, and pneumonia 0,2%.Based on the analytical results, the attitude has no correlation with the respiratory disease (p=0,928). The educational level and income have correlation with the attitude (p=0,005 and p=0,029)."

"Penyakit respirasi termasuk penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia. Namun prevalensinya pada pemukiman kumuh di Indonesia masih belum diketahui. Penelitian cross sectional kemudian dilakukan di Kelurahan Petamburan, Kecamatan Tanah Abang, Jakarta Pusat dengan teknik cluster consecutive sampling pada 18-26 Januari 2012 untuk mengetahui prevalensi penyakit tersebut dan kaitannya dengan pengetahuan masyarakat, sebagai langkah awal intervensi pendidikan kesehatan.Hasil penelitian terhadap 104 responden berusia >18 tahun berdasarkan kuesioner: 1) Prevalensi penyakit respirasi sebanyak 5% terdiri dari asma (1,7%), pneumonia (0,2%), TB (2,2%) dan PPOK (0,9%) serta tidak ditemukannya hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan penyakit respirasi (p=0,342); 2) Terdapat 3,8% responden dengan tingkat pengetahuan baik, 41,3% cukup dan 54,8% kurang, berdasarkan pengetahuan terhadap penyakit respirasi. Kemudian tidak ditemukan hubungan karakteristik demografi usia (p=1,000), jenis kelamin (p=0,935) dan status pekerjaan (p=1,000) dengan tingkat pengetahuan; 3) Sumber informasi yang sering digunakan adalah televisi dan ditemukan korelasi bermakna antara jumlah sumber informasi dengan skor pengetahuan (p<0,05; r=0,278).Dalam penelitian disimpulkan masih belum perlunya penyuluhan. Namun perlu ditinjau lebih lanjut hubungan pengetahuan terhadap konsistensi perilaku hidup sehat yang dapat mencegah penyakit respirasi. Selain itu juga perlu diketahui faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi tingkat pengetahuan, serta perlunya optimalisasi informasi kesehatan respirasi melalui televisi sebagai sumber informasi tersering yang digunakan.

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Disease of the respiratory system is one of leading cause of death in the world. However there has not been report about this prevalence in slum neighborhood, especially in Indonesia. Cross-sectional study was conducted in slums area, Kelurahan Petamburan, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta using cluster consecutive sampling technique on 18?26 January 2012 to know the prevalence of respiratory diseases and its association with level of knowledge as the early step to analyze the need of health education.The results of research on 104 respondents aged >18 years old using questionnaire: 1) Prevalence of respiratory health problems as much as 5% consists of asthma (1,7%), pneumonia (0,2%), TB (2,2%), COPD (0,9%) and there is no association between level of knowledge and those prevalence; 2) There are 3,8% of the respondents with a good level of knowledge, 41,3% sufficient and 54,8% poor based on respiratory health problems. And the research found that there is no association between socio demographic such as age (p=1,000), gender (p=0,935), employment (p=1,000) and level of knowledge; 3) Frequently used source of information is through television and there is significant correlation between the number of sources information with knowledge about respiratory health problems (p<0,05; r=0,278).In the study, it was concluded that health education was not yet needed. But the influence of knowledge to the healthy living behavior which can prevent respiratory disease should be analyzed. Besides factors having association with level of knowledge about respiratory health is also needed to be found, and finally it is considered that optimalization of television as the most frequently used source information is needed."

"ABSTRAKMasalah kesehatan respirasi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia Masalah tersebut meliputi tuberkulosis asma emfisema dan bronkitis kronik Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut perlu ditinjau kepuasan terhadap pelayanan fasilitas kesehatan Selain itu diperlukan sistem pendanaan oleh asuransi kesehatan Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi masalah kesehatan respirasi di masyarakat perumahan Jakarta pada tahun 2012 dan hubungannya dengan kedua faktor tersebut Penelitian menggunakan studi cross sectional dan dilakukan di Kelurahan Bintaro Jakarta Selatan Sampel penelitian adalah keluarga yang diwakili oleh kepala keluarga atau istri Sampel dipilih melalui metode consecutive sampling dengan sampel didapat sebanyak 104 orang Sumber data adalah data primer berupa kuesioner yang diisi melalui wawancara dengan variabel terikat yaitu masalah kesehatan respirasi dan variabel bebas yaitu kepuasan terhadap pelayanan fasilitas kesehatan dan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan Hasil penelitian berupa prevalensi masalah kesehatan respirasi sebesar 27 88 Uji Chi Square terdapat hubungan antara kepuasan dengan prevalensi p 0 001 dan kepemilikan asuransi dengan prevalensi p 0 022 Oleh karena itu perlu menurunkan angka ketidakpuasan terhadap pelayanan fasilitas kesehatan dan memperhatikan asuransi kesehatan sebagai sistem pendanaan untuk akses terhadap fasilitas kesehatan Kata kunci masalah kesehatan respirasi kepuasan terhadap pelayanan fasilitas kesehatan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan masyarakat perumahan Jakarta.

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ABSTRACT

The problems of respiratory health are one of the problems of health in Indonesia These problems contain tuberculosis asthma emphysema and chronic bronchitis To solve them we need regardly watch about satisfaction level of health facilities services and we know the effectivity of owning health insurance This study aims to know prevalence problems of respiration health among housing society in Jakarta at 2012 and its relations with satisfaction and health insurance This study uses cross sectional design and takes place in Bintaro South Jakarta Samples in this study are a family that each represented by a husband or a wife Samples are chosen using consecutive sampling Total data collected in this study are 104 subjects Data collected by filling out a set of questionnaire using interview method Dependent variable is problem of respiratory health and independent variables are satisfaction of health facilities services and ownership of health insurance Result reveals that prevalence the problems of respiration health is 27 88 Satisfaction of health facilities services is related to prevalence the problems of respiratory health chi square p 0 001 and ownership of health insurance is related to prevalence of it chi square p 0 022 Because of that we need to decrease the number of dissatisfaction of health facilities services and deliberate health insurances as a financing system to access of health facilities Key words problems of respiration health satisfaction of health facilities services ownership of health insurances housing community Jakarta."

"ABSTRAKInfeksi Saluran Pernafasan Bagian Akut (ISPA) non Pneumonia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Laporan Kota Bogor tahun 2015 menunjukkan prevalensi ISPA Non Pneumonia mencapai 45,64%. Penyebab utama ISPA non Pneumonia adalah virus, namun penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan antibiotik masih sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rasionalitas pemberian antibiotik pada pasien ISPA non Pneumonia dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kerasionalan pemberian antibiotik serta pengelolaan program Penggunaan Obat Rasional (POR) di Puskesmas Tanah Sareal. Rancangan penelitian ini deskriptif analitik potong lintang dengan mengumpulkan data rekam medis pasien antara 5 tahun hingga 65 tahun, observasi pelayanan rawat jalan, dan wawancara dengan pihak terkait pelaksanaan program POR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi pemberian antibiotik sebanyak 122 (34%) dari 359 pasien dan analisis rasionalitas dilakukan terhadap 102 pasien, Distribusi Penyakit ISPA Non-Pneumonia: Nasofaringitis Akut (63%) faringitis akut (30,6%), tonsilitis akut (5,3%), Sinusitis dan Otitis Media Akut 0,6%., sebagian besar antibiotik yang digunakan adalah amoxicillin dan cefadroxil. Ditemukan 84,3% pemberian antibiotik yang tidak tepat durasi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi rasionalitas antara lain; kurangnya kepatuhan dokter terhadap SOP pengobatan, peran apoteker belum optimal dan kurangnya monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan program POR.

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ABSTRACTNon Pneumonial Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI) is one of public health problems with high prevalence and healthcare cost. Bogor City Report 2015 shows the prevalence of Non Pneumonial ARTI reach 45.64%. The main cause of non- Pneumonial ARTI is virus, but research indicates the use of antibiotics is still very high. This study aims to analyze the rationality of antibiotics on non-Pneumonia ARTI patients, factors affecting rationality of antibiotic administration and management of Rational Use of Medicine (RUM) program at Puskesmas Tanah Sareal. The design of this study is descriptive cross-sectional analysis by collecting patients medical record data between 5 years to 65 years, observation of outpatient services, and interviews with related staff on RUM program implementation. The results showed that the proportion of antibiotic administration was 122 (34%) of 359 patients and rationality analysis was performed on 102 patients, Non-Pneumonia Respiratory Disease Distribution: Acute Nasopharyngitis (63%) Acute Pharyngitis (30.6%), Acute Tonsillitis (5, 3%), Sinusitis and Otitis Media Acute 0.6%. Most of the antibiotics used were amoxicillin and cefadroxil. This study revealed 84.3% of improper antibiotics duration and factors affecting rationality, among others; lack ofa physian's dherence to clinical guideline, lack of pharmacist and monitoring evaluation of RUM implementation."