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"Bid rigging is an interesting problem to be examined, since it is a serious problem that is very influential in the development of Indonesia. Bid rigging practices are mostly encountered in the process of goods procurement and services provided by the government. Presumably, bid rigging practices have been rampant since the government actively encouraged for the development ofIndonesia, commencing in the 1980s. Although bid rigging is deemed as corruption with severe punishments for offenders, not many offenders have been put to trial and sentenced. Since the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No 5 of 1999 Concerning the Ban on Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition (commonly referred to as the Competition Law) came into effect in 2000, bid rigging constitutes to an infringement of the Competition Law stipulated in Article 22 of Law No 5 of 1999. This is mostly reported to and investigated by the KPPU.2 As contained in the Annual Report of the KPPU, in 2010, there were 215 reports from the public regarding violation against competition law, where 175 reports were on bid rigging, and the remaining 40 cases pertained to non-tender cases.3 218 cases were decided by the Commission as ofanno 2000 to 2012. A total ofl47 decisions (67%) were bid rigging violations, while the rest of them were non-tender cases."

"Transaksi perdagangan saat ini didominasi oleh transaksi lintas batas yang dapat menimbulkan persaingan usaha tidak sehat di antara pelaku usaha lokal dan pelaku usaha mancanegara. Hingga kini, hukum persaingan usaha Indonesia belum dapat menjerat pelaku usaha yang melakukan transaksi lintas batas yang berdampak pada persaingan usaha di Indonesia. Sedangkan hukum persaingan usaha Amerika Serikat dan Uni Eropa telah menerapkan doktrin efek untuk mengatasi isu tersebut. Berdasarkan teori kesejahteraan negara, negara mempunyai tugas mensejahterakan dan melindungi rakyatnya melalui peraturan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini bersifat normatif dan dilakukan untuk mengetahui penerapan doktrin efek dalam hukum persaingan usaha Amerika Serikat dan Uni Eropa serta mengetahui kemungkinan penerapan doktrin efek dalam hukum persaingan usaha Indonesia. Penerapan doktrin efek melalui amandemen UU No 5 Tahun 1999, disertai pembuatan perjanjian multilateral dengan negara lain, merupakan salah satu langkah yang dapat dilakukan guna menjangkau transaksi lintas-batas yang berdampak pada persaingan usaha di pasar Indonesia.

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Current business transaction is dominated by cross-border transaction which may create unfair competition between the local and overseas companies. As yet, Indonesia competition laws have not been able to cover businesses that carry on cross-border transactions that affect business competition in Indonesia. However United States and Europe Union competition laws have enforced effect doctrine to cover that issue. On the basis of the theory of state prosperity, it is the duty of the state to bring prosperity to the people and protect them through the various legislations.

By way of a legal normative research, it aims to present the business competition laws that are adopted by United States and Europe Union and explore the possibility of applying the effect doctrine in Indonesia competition laws. The application of the effect doctrine through of amendment of Law Number 5 of 1999 should be accompanied by entry into multilateral treaties with other countries as measure that can be undertaken to regulate cross-border transactions that have a bearing on local business competition in Indonesia."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang pembuktian penyalahgunaan posisi dominan yang dilakukan oleh KPPU dalam menyelesaikan kasus-kasus persaingan usaha. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 merupakan suatu hal yang sangat perlu dilakukan guna perbaikan hukum persaingan usaha di Indonesia; KPPU sebagai lembaga yang bertugas mengawasi jalannya persaingan usaha juga harus meningkatkan kemampuannya secara struktural maupun dalam hal sumber daya manusia agar putusan ataupun penetapan yang dikeluarkan oleh KPPU menjadi lebih berkualitas.

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The focus of this study is about proving abuse of dominant position conducted by KPPU to resolving competition cases. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The researcher suggest that the revisions to the Act No. 5 of 1999 is a thing that needs to be done for the improvement of competition laws in Indonesia; KPPU as the agency in charge of overseeing the competition should improve its ability in structurally and in human resources so decision or determination issued by the KPPU become more qualified."