Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"[Ebi merupakan udang kering berukuran kecil yang dapat dikonsumsi secarakeseluruhan. Ebi diduga memiliki kadar kalsium tinggi meski belum ada penelitianspesifik pada genus tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar kalsium padaMetapenaeus sp. secara akurat serta menganalisis pengaruh metode preparasi (ovendan non oven) dan metode isolasi (pengocokan, digesti asam, dan pengabuan)terhadap pengukuran dengan ISE dan AAS. Hasil pengukuran didapatkan kadarkalsium tertinggi 6.769 ppm (oven) dan 7.785 ppm (non oven) dengan isolasi terbaikadalah digesti asam. Terdapat perbedaan serta korelasi kadar kalsium antar metodepreparasi dan isolasi, sehingga disimpulkan kedua metode berpengaruh terhadappengukuran kadar kalsium ebi.;Ebi is dried small sized shrimp consumed as a whole. Ebi is assumed to have highcalcium level even there has been no research on specific genus yet. This researchaimed to know exact calcium level in Metapenaeus sp., analyze the influence ofpreparation (oven and non oven) and isolation (dilution, acid digestion, and dryashing) methods toward ISE and AAS measurement. Results showed highest calciumlevel 6,769ppm (oven) and 7,785ppm (non oven) with acid digestion as best isolationmethod. There were differences and correlation among preparation and isolationmethods; and concluded both methods influenced calcium level measurement in ebi., Ebi is dried small sized shrimp consumed as a whole. Ebi is assumed to have highcalcium level even there has been no research on specific genus yet. This researchaimed to know exact calcium level in Metapenaeus sp., analyze the influence ofpreparation (oven and non oven) and isolation (dilution, acid digestion, and dryashing) methods toward ISE and AAS measurement. Results showed highest calciumlevel 6,769ppm (oven) and 7,785ppm (non oven) with acid digestion as best isolationmethod. There were differences and correlation among preparation and isolationmethods; and concluded both methods influenced calcium level measurement in ebi.]"

"[Udang kering adalah sumber daya alam Indonesia yang mudah diperoleh dan didugamengandung kalsium yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuikadar kalsium udang (Macrobrachium sp.) dan pengaruh metode preparasi (ovendan non oven) dan isolasi (pengocokan, digesti asam, dan pengabuan) terhadappengukuran kadar kalsium menggunakan AAS dan ISE. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan kadar kalsium tertinggi diperoleh dengan metode isolasi digesti asam,yaitu 7.749 ppm (oven) dan 8.853 ppm (non oven). Terdapat perbedaan hasilpengukuran kalsium antar metode preparasi dan antar metode isolasi. Metodepreparasi berkorelasi kuat dengan hasil pengukuran kalsium. (r2=0,878; p<0,05);Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia?s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05), Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia’s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05)]"

"ABSTRAKEbi merupakan udang kering berukuran kecil yang dikonsumsi secara keseluruhan. Ebi diduga memiliki kadar kalsium tinggi dan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk meningkatkan proses remineralisasi enamel gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh ebi air laut Metapenaeus sp. dengan berbagai pH basa pada permukaan enamel dengan tujuan remineralisasi, dan analisa hasil menggunakan perubahan permukaan mikrostruktur, tingkat retensi ion kalsium, dan kekerasan mikro permukaan. Pengamatan perubahan permukaan enamel dilakukan dengan larutan ebi 10 dengan tingkat pH 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, dengan durasi 5 menit untuk 26 kali aplikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan retensi ion kalsium, peningkatan kekerasan mikrostruktur dan perbaikan mikro struktur permukaan enamel menurut peningkatan tingkat pH basa.Kesimpulan: Aplikasi larutan ebi air laut Metapenaeus sp. meningkatkan proses remineralisasi enamel gigi

---

ABSTRACTEbi is a dried small sized shrimp that consumed as a whole. Ebi assumed to have high calcium level and probably have ability to use as material for increasing remineralization process on tooth enamel. This research aimed to know the effect of sea water ebi Metapenaeus sp. with several alkaline pH level on enamel surface to obtain remineralization, and analyze the result using surface microstructure changes, ion calcium retention level and micro surface hardness. Observation of the enamel surface changes were make upon 10 ebi solution with the pH level 8.0, 9.0, 10.0 respectively, 5 minutes duration for 26 times application. The results showed that there were increase of ion calcium retention, increase of micro surface hardness and enamel surface micro structure restoration according to the increase of alkaline pH level.SConclusion Application of the sea water ebi solution increase the remineraliztation process of enamel surfaceKeywords sea water ebi Metapenaeus sp. , remineralization, alkaline pH, microsurface hardness "

"Inflamatory Bowel Disease adalah penyakit peradangan kolon yang menyebabkan jaringan parut yang ditangani dengan pembedahan. Jika terjadi berulang dapat menyebabkan fibrosis. Pentoksifillin merupakan obat yang memiliki efek anti fibrosis digunakan sebagai obat. Pektin merupakan polimer alam bersifat biodegradabel yang berpotensi sebagai sediaan lepas terkendali. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat dan mengkarakterisasi bead kalsium pektinat pentoksifillin dengan metode gelasi ion dengan variasi konsentrasi larutan sambung silang kalsium klorida 2,5% (formula 1), 5% (formula 2), dan 10% (formula 3). Karakterisasi bead yang dihasilkan berbentuk tidak terlalu sferis untuk formula 1 dan 2, namun sferis untuk formula 3, dan berwarna coklat keputihan dengan ukuran rata-rata 710 ? 1180 μm untuk formula 1 dan 2, sedangkan untuk formula 3 berukuran rata-rata > 1180 μm. Kandungan pentoksifilin dalam bead dari ketiga formula berturut-turut yaitu 27,87%, 22,28%, dan 14,05%. Efisiensi penjerapan dari ketiga formula berturut-turut yaitu 69,68%, 66,83%, dan 56,18%. Pada uji pelepasan obat dalam medium asam klorida 0,1N pH 1,2, dapar fosfat pH 6, dan dapar fosfat pH 7,4 tidak berbeda. Obat dapat terlepas hampir seluruhnya pada menit ke 15. Karena pelepasannya yang tinggi di medium asam klorida 0,1N pH 1,2 selama 2 jam yaitu ± 90% kemudian bead disalut HPMCP sehingga pelepasannya di medium asam klorida 0,1N pH 1,2 berkurang dengan jumlah yang terlepas 38-60%.

---

Inflammatory Bowel Disease causes rasp network. It?s handle by dissection that if occur repeatedly can lead a fibrosis. Pentoxifyllin is a drug that has anti-fibrotic effect which is used as a drug. Pectin is biodegradable natural polymer which have potention as controlled release drug. The aim of this research is preparation and charactherization calcium pectinate pentoxifylline beads which is prepared by ionic gelation method with variation in calcium chloride concentration 2,5% (formula 1), 5% (formula 2), and 10% (formula 3). Characterization of beads which is produced are not too spheris for the first and second formula, but spheris for the third formula, and it?s brown whitish colour. The average size of beads are 710-1180 Fm for the first and second formula. While the third formula are about >1180 Fm. Content of pentoksifilin in beads for all formula are 27,87 % for the first formula, 22,28 % for the second formula and 14,05% for the third formula. Encapsulation efficiency of all formula are 69,68%, 66,83% and 56,18% respectively. Drug release test in medium of hydrochloric acid 0,1N pH 1,2, phosphate buffer pH 6 and phosphate buffer pH 7,4 are not differences. The drug can be released almost in fifteenth minutes. Because it?s release is higher in medium of hydrochloride acid 0,1N pH 1,2 for 2 hours which is about ± 90%, then beads are coated by HPMCP in order that it?s release in medium of hydrochloride acid 0,1N pH 1,2 can holding a number of released is 38-60%."

"Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) merupakan penyakit radang yang terjadi pada usus. Peradangan kronik yang terjadi dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya jaringan parut, tindakan bedah dilakukan untuk pengobatan ini. Obat antifibrotik diberikan pasca operasi, salah satu obat antifibrotik yang digunakan adalah pentoksifillin. Pengobatan pada lapisan mukosa usus akan lebih efektif, jika obat dapat dilepaskan ke tempat peradangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat beads dengan metode gelasi ion menggunakan polimer alginat yang disambung silang dengan kation divalen seperti kalsium klorida yang akan membentuk gel tidak larut. Beads kalsium-alginat yang mengandung pentoksifillin dibuat dalam tiga formula dengan variasi konsentrasi kalsium klorida 2% (formula 1), 3% (formula 2), dan 4% (formula 3). Karakterisasi yang dilakukan meliputi bentuk dan morfologi, distribusi ukuran, efisiensi proses, efisiensi penjerapan, dan uji pelepasan in vitro. Beads yang dihasilkan berbentuk hampir bulat, distribusi berada pada ukuran 710 sampai 1180 μm. Efisiensi penjerapan dari ketiga formula berturut-turut yaitu 48,75%, 47,28%, dan 45,89%. Kandungan pentoksifillin dari ketiga formula berturut-turut yaitu 18,28%, 15,75%, dan 13,76%. Uji pelepasan zat aktif dari beads dilakukan pada medium asam klorida pH 1,2 dapar fosfat pH 7,4 dan dapar fosfat pH 6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pelepasan pentoksifillin dari beads alginat pada ketiga medium dilepaskan dengan cepat.

---

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an inflammatory that occurs in intestinal. Chronic inflammation that occurs can cause a fibrotic tissue, surgery is an action for the treatment of IBD. Antifibrotic drug is administered after surgery, pentoxifylline is one of an antifibrotic drugs. Treatment of the intestinal mucosa inflammation will be more effective if the drug can be released directly to the inflammation. The aim of this research is to prepare beads by ionic gelation method, where sodium alginate were crosslinked with divalen cations such as calcium ions to form an insoluble gel beads. Beads were characterized, include shape and morphology, size distribution, process efficiency, adsorption efficiency, and in vitro release test. Calcium-alginate containing pentoxifylline were prepared in three formulas which various concentration of calcium chloride 2% (formula 1), 3% (formula 3), and 4% (formula 3). The results shows that beads which produced have almost spherical form, most of particle size distribution is between 710-1180 μm. Adsorption efficiency from three formulas respectively are 48,75%, 47,28%, and 45,89%. Encapsulation efficiency from three formulas respectively are 18,28%, 15,75%, and 13,76%. The release test of active substance from beads performed in pH 1,2 hydrochloric acid, pH 7,4 phosphate buffer, and pH 6 phosphate buffer. Results showed the release of pentoxifylline from alginate beads was released fastly in three mediums."

"Pemanfaatan radiasi pengion pada sektor medis seperti diagnostik dan terapi meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penggunaan radiasi pengion perlu dikalibrasi menggunakan dosimeter supaya pemberian dosis yang diterima pasien sudah akurat untuk meminimalisir risiko di kemudian hari. Dosimeter termoluminesensi (TLD) merupakan salah satu dosimeter untuk pengukuran radiasi dengan hasil yang presisi karena dapat menghasilkan distribusi dosis yang homogen. Salah satu jenis TLD yang banyak digunakan yaitu kalsium sulfat (CaSO4) karena memiliki sensitivitas tinggi terhadap radiasi. Penambahan pendadah Mg pada TLD LiF:Mg,Ti dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan sensitivitas TLD. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui konsentrasi pendadah Mg paling optimal untuk CaSO4. Sintesis TLD dilakukan dengan metode ko-presipitasi dari bahan CaCl2.H2O, (NH4)2SO4, dan MgCl2. Konsentrasi pendadah Mg divariasikan dalam jumlah 0,05; 0,1; dan 0,15 mol%. Hasil akhir sintesis berupa pellet yang telah dikompaksi. Analisis uji komposisi dan morfologi sampel dilakukan dengan metode XRF, XRD, dan SEM. Hasil XRF menunjukkan kadar komposisi Mg pada tiap konsentrasi sampel, hasil XRD menunjukkan struktur kristal berbentuk ortorombik, dan hasil SEM menunjukkan morfologi ukuran sampel mengecil karena pemberian pendadah Mg. Hasil uji respons terhadap sinar-X menunjukkan TLD CaSO4:Mg 0,1 mol% memiliki sensitivitas terbaik terhadap radiasi sinar-X berenergi 70 kVp sehingga TLD CaSO4:Mg dapat dipertimbangkan dalam aplikasi medis berenergi radiasi rendah.

---

The utilization of ionizing radiation in the medical sector for diagnostics and therapy increases yearly. The use of ionizing radiation needs to be calibrated using dosimeters to ensure accurate dosage administration to patients to minimizing long-term risks. Thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLD) are widely used for precise radiation measurement due to its ability to provide a uniform dose distribution. Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is one of TLD that widely used due to its high sensitivity to radiation. Mg dopant addition to LiF:Mg,Ti TLD has been reported to enhance its sensitivity. This research aims to determine the most optimal concentration of Mg dopant for CaSO4. The TLD synthesis involved co-precipitation method using CaCl2.H2O, (NH4)2SO4, and MgCl2 with the concentration of Mg dopant is varied at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mol%, resulting in compacted pellets. Sample composition and morphology analysis are performed by XRF, XRD, and SEM methods. XRF showed the Mg composition for each sample concentration, XRD showed an orthorhombic crystal structure, and SEM demonstrated that the sample size decreases due to the addition of Mg dopant. X-ray response results indicated that CaSO4:Mg 0.1 mol% TLD has the best sensitivity to 70 kVp X-ray radiation, making it suitable for low-energy radiation medical applications."

"Kulit buah delima (Punica granatum Linn) mengandung senyawa asam elagat yang potensial sebagai SERMs alami. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pemberian fraksi air kulit buah delima (FA) bermanfaat sebagai terapi hormonal pada defisiensi estrogen, dibandingkan dengan obat standar 17- estradiol dan tamoxifen. Metode ovariektomi digunakan untuk mewakili kondisi hipoestrogen menggunakan 42 tikus betina galur Sprague Dawley usia 50 hari yang diinduksi osteoporosis selama 21 hari (kecuali sham), dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok: sham; OVX; OVX-estradiol (0,1 mg/kg BB, p.o.); OVX-tamoxifen (10 mg/kg BB p.o.); OVX-FA dengan variasi dosis 50; 100; dan 200 mg/kg BB, p.o). Perlakuan diberikan setiap hari selama 28 hari.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan kelompok OVX, kelompok FA dosis 200 mg/kg BB mengalami peningkatan rerata kadar hormon estradiol darah (pg/ml) dari 46,11 + 3,301 menjadi 91,78 + 18,382 (p<0,05), peningkatan rerata kadar kalsium darah (mg/dl) dari 379,38 + 55,684 menjadi 475,43 + 38,321 (p<0,05), peningkatan rerata kadar fosfor darah (mg/dl) dari 30,74 + 21,697 menjadi 74,96 + 8,413 (p<0,05) dan rerata penambahan bobot badan tikus (gram) berkurang, dari 77,28 + 22,979 menjadi 32,55 + 18,408 (p<0,05). Sedangkan rerata kadar kolesterol total darah (mg/dl) kelompok FA dosis 50 mg/kg BB mengalami penurunan (p<0,05) (79,66 + 10,936) dibandingkan kelompok OVX (102,82 + 5,761). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian FA mampu meningkatkan kadar estradiol darah yang berefek pada penurunan kadar kolesterol total darah dan mengurangi penambahan bobot badan pada tikus ovariektomi serta berefek pada parameter yang terkait bone remodelling yaitu mampu meningkatkan kadar kalsium darah dan mempertahankan homeostatis kadar fosfor dalam darah.

---

Pomegranate pericarp contain ellagic acid which potential as natural SERMs. This study aim to determine whether administration of pomegranate pericarp water fraction (FA) useful as hormonal therapy for estrogen deficiency, compare to 17-estradiol and tamoxifen, with forty-two-50-days-old female, 21 days-induced osteoporosis (except sham), assigned into 7 groups: SHAM; OVX; OVX-estradiol (0,1 mg/kgBW); OVX-tamoxifen (10 mg/kgBW); OVX-FA (50; 100 ; and 200 mg/kgBW). Treatment was given for 28 days.The results showed, compared to OVX, administration of FA 200 mg/kgBW increased blood estradiol hormones levels (pg/ml) from 46,11 + 3,301 to 91,78 + 18,382 (p<0,05), increased blood calcium levels (mg/dl) from 379,38 + 55,684 to 475,43 + 38,321 (p <0,05), increased blood phosphorus levels (mg/dl) from 30,74 + 21,697 to 74,96 + 8,413 (p <0,05) and reduced body weight gain (gr) from 77,28 + 22,979 to 32,55 + 18,408 (p<0,05). While at FA 50 mg/kgBW, blood total cholesterol levels (mg/dl) is decreased (p<0,05) (79,66 + 10,936) compare to OVX (102,82 + 5,761). Administration of FA increase blood estradiol levels, decrease blood total cholesterol levels, reduce body weight gain of ovariectomized rats, and on parameters related to bone remodeling it can increase blood calcium levels and maintain homeostatic of blood phosphorus levels."

"The research was aimed to reveal the responses of white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei in various artificial media. The means of the responses are the survival rate and the daily growth rate...."

"Penyakit inflamasi usus atau Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) merupakan penyakit peradangan yang terjadi pada kolon, penyakit ini sebaiknya diobati dengan sistem penghantaran obat tertarget pada bagian spesifik. Sistem penghantaran yang ditargetkan untuk pengobatan IBD dirancang untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi obat pada jaringan lokal. Deksametason merupakan obat yang memiliki efek anti inflamasi dan antifibrosis yang dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki jaringan parut yang timbul pasca operasi IBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat beads kalsium-alginat deksametason yang hanya dilepas pada kolon. Beads dibuat menggunakan natrium-alginat yang disambung silang dengan Ca2+ melalui metode gelasi ionik, dengan perbandingan antara natrium alginat-deksametason (3:1). Konsentrasi natrium-alginat yang digunakan sebesar 3% b/v dengan varian konsentrasi CaCl2 sebagai agen sambung silang yakni 2% (formula 1), 3% (formula 2), dan 4% (formula 3). Beads yang telah dibuat akan dikarakterisasi untuk mengetahui bentuk dan morfologi beads, distribusi ukuran partikel beads, kadar air, efisiensi proses, indeks mengembang, uji kandungan obat, efisiensi penjerapan deksametason dalam beads dan evaluasi pelepasan obat secara in vitro yang kadar deksametasonnya ditetapkan secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasilnya diperoleh bentuk beads yang hampir bulat dengan kisaran ukuran antara 630 - >800 µm. Efisiensi penjerapan terbesar diperoleh dari beads formula 1 yaitu sebesar 98,14% sedangkan setelah disalut dengan eudragit® S100 menggunakan alat fluid bed dryer diperoleh beads formula 4 dengan efisiensi penjerapan sebesar 67,78%. Beads formula 1 hanya bersifat enterik dan belum mampu menahan pelepasan zat aktif hingga di pH kolon, sedangkan beads formula 4 memiliki profil pelepasan yang lebih baik karena dapat melepas zat aktif sampai di pH kolon secara bertahap dan bertahan selama 8 jam saat di pH kolon.

---

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a disease of inflammation in the colon, therefore this disease should be treated with targeted drug delivery systems on site-specific. Targeted delivery systems for the treatment of IBD is designed to increase the drug concentration in the local tissue. Dexamethasone is a drug having anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects which is used to repair scar tissue arising from postoperative IBD. This research purpose to create calcium-alginate beads dexamethasone to be released only in the colon. Beads were made ​​by using sodium-alginate and Ca2+ as crosslinker by ionic gelation method, with ratio between sodium alginate-dexamethasone (3:1). A concentration of solution sodium alginate 3 % b/v with variation concentration of crosslinker is 2% (formula 1), 3% (formula 2), and 4% (formula 3). Beads ​​will be characterized to determine the form and morphology of the beads, particle size distribution of the beads, moisture content, process efficiency, swelling ratio, drug content, encapsulation efficiency and drug release determined by spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The results obtained were spherical beads with a size range between 630 -> 800 μm with the greatest encapsulation efficiency obtained from the beads formula 1 with the amount of 98.14% and after coated with Eudragit® S100 using a fluid bed dryer apparatus, beads of formula 4 was obtained with an encapsulation efficiency of 67,78%. Beads formula 1 were only released in stomach pH and not able to hold up the release of the active substance in colonic pH, whereas beads of formula 4 releasing dexamethason gradually more than 8 hours in colonic pH, and has a better release profile for the active substance."