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"Perkembangan sejarah bangsa Eropa khususnya bangsa Jerman telah melewati sejarah yang panjang mulai dari zaman Mittelalter, Renaissance sampai dengan zaman modern. Perkembangan tersebut memberikan pengaruh pada perubahan bahasa Jerman dari Althochdeutsch, Mittelhochdeutsch hingga Neuhochdeutsch. Perkembangan sejarah dan bahasa tersebut menghasilkan berbagai hasil karya, salah satunya karya sastra, yaitu Minnesang. Minnesang merupakan lirik lagu bertemakan cinta pada zaman Mittelalter yang menggunakan bahasa Jerman Mittelhochdeutsch. Saat ini beberapa Minnesang tersebut telah diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Jerman baku atau Neuhochdeutsch.Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perubahan kata dan pelafalan vokal dan konsonan dari Mittelhochdeutsch menjadi Neuhochdeutsch pada Minnesang Unter den Linden karya Walther von Vogelweide, Viel süße sanfte Töterin karya Heinrich von Morungen dan Swer mir Schade karya Heinrich von Veldeke.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dan bersifat deskriftif. Analisis yang dilakukan, yaitu dengan menganalisis perubahan kata dan pelafalan vokal dan konsonan dari Mittelhochdeutsch menjadi Neuhochdeutsch pada Minnesang tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan fonetis dan fonologis.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat perubahan kata dan pelafalan vokal dan konsonan yang terjadi, yaitu Diphthongierung, Monopthongierung, Diphthongwandel, Apokopierung, Fortisierung dan Hebung.

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The development history of the Europeans, especially the Germans had passed through a long history from the days of The Dark Ages, Renaissance until the modern times. These developments influence the changes of the German from Old High German, Middle High German to New High German. The development of languages and history produce various works of literature. One of the well-known work art was Minnesong. Minnesong is a song lyric which has a theme of love produced during The Dark Ages and written in Middle High German. Nowadays, some Minnesong have been translated into standard German language or New High German.This study aims to describe the changes of how it is written and pronounced in the past compare to today. The vowels and consonants of each word in this song lyric are taken from Middle High German to New High German on Minnesong Unter den Linden by Walther von Vogelweide, Viel süße sanfte Töterin by Heinrich von Morungen and Swer mir Schade by Heinrich von Veldeke.The analysis method conducted is qualitative and descriptive. The analysis approached in phonetic and phonological areas.The results of the study showed that Diphthongierung, Monophthongierung, Diphthongwandel, Apokopierung, Fortisierung and Hebung are the form of changes found this analysis."

"ABSTRAK"

"Dalam penelitian ini dianalisis proses fonetis tiga lagu berbahasa Jerman yang merupakan soundtrack video game ‘Wolfenstein: The New Order’, yaitu Weltraum Surfen, Mein Kleiner VW, dan Berlin Boys & Stuttgart Girls. Ketiga lagu tersebut masing-masing memiliki sudut pandang yang berbeda dan dianalisis berdasarkan teori proses fonetis Altmann & Ziegenhain (2007) dan Muslich (2008) yang hanya berfokus pada proses asimilasi yang terdiri dari asimilasi progresif dan regresif, serta zeroisasi yang terdiri dari aferesis, sinkop, apokop, dan metatesis. Penulis mentranskripsikan lirik lagu secara fonetis dan menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam menganalisis proses fonetis yang muncul. Metode kuantitatif digunakan dalam menghitung frekuensi proses fonetis yang muncul digolongkan berdasarkan jenisnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, jenis proses fonetis yang muncul berkaitan dengan sudut pandang lagu, kecuali pada proses metatesis. Dalam bahasa Jerman, pemilihan sudut pandang lagu mempengaruhi tata bahasa kalimat pada lirik yang mempengaruhi bunyi yang dilafalkan, sehingga terdapat perbedaan frekuensi data asimilasi dan zeroisasi pada ketiga lagu tersebut. Pada asimilasi progresif dan zeroisasi jenis sinkop, prosesnya kerap ditemukan pada lagu Weltraum Surfen dan Berlin Boys & Stuttgart Girls yang memiliki sudut pandang orang pertama dan ketiga jamak, namun pada jenis apokop dan asimilasi regresif hanya dapat ditemukan pada lagu Mein Kleiner VW yang memiliki sudut pandang orang pertama tunggal. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini ditemukan juga beberapa kata yang memenuhi kaidah asimilasi tetapi tidak diasimilasikan oleh penyanyi.

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This study analyzes the phonetic process of three German songs which are the soundtrack of the video game 'Wolfenstein: The New Order', namely Weltraum Surfen, Mein Kleiner VW, and Berlin Boys & Stuttgart Girls. Each song has a different point of view and is analyzed using phonetical process theories by Altmann & Ziegenhain (2007) and Muslich (2008), which only focused on assimilation, deletion, and metathesis process. The lyrics are transcribed phonetically while using the qualitative method to analyze the phonetical process that appears. A quantitative method was used to find out the frequency of the data of each song. According to the results, the types of the phonetical process were related to the song’s point of view, except for the metathesis process. The song’s point of view affects the grammatical aspects of the lyrics, thus also affecting the pronunciation of each word. Progressive assimilation and syncope types is the most common process found in Weltraum Surfen and Berlin Boys & Stuttgart Girls which have plural first- and third-person point of view. On the other hand, apocope and regressive assimilation can only be found in Mein Kleiner VW which has a singular first-person point of view. Furthermore, few words meet the requirements of certain phonetic processes such as assimilation but weren’t assimilated by the singer."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas gejala perubahan bahasa dalam kasus penyerapan katayang terdapat di spanduk, poster, papan nama, dan brosur. Objek yang ditelitiadalah kata-kata yang mengalami gejala perubahan fonemis, yaitu epentesis,paragog, aferesis, sinkop, apokop,haplologi, metatesis, dan disimilasi. Penelitianini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yaitu menganalisis berdasarkan pola-pola yangterjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan penyerapan kata dan menjelaskanpola-pola gejala perubahan fonemis tersebut yang terealisasikan dalam bentukhuruf. Kemudian, penelitian ini menunjukkan penyebab dan dampak atas polapolayang muncul akibat gejala perubahan bahasa tersebut. Kesimpulan penelitianini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk penghilangan, penambahan, dan pergantian padahuruf dalam kata dapat memengaruhi pola suku kata. Selain itu, terjadipenyesuaian ejaan dan lafal terhadap kata asing yang diserap. Pergantian hurufterjadi karena letak artikulasi yang sama atau berdekatan sehingga memungkinkandua huruf mengalami pergantian.

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ABSTRACTThis research discusses the symptoms of changing language in absorption wordscases contained in banners, posters, board names, and brochures. The observedwords are the words that experience phonemic change symptoms, which areepenthesis, paragoge, apheresis, syncope, apocope, haplology, metathesis, anddissimilation. This research is a qualitative research, which analyzes based on thepatterns that occur. This research aims to explain the absorption words and thepatterns of phonemic change symptoms realized in the form of letters. Then thisresearch shows the causes and impacts of patterns caused by the symptoms of thelanguage. The conclusion of this research shows that the form of deletion,addition, and alteration on letters in words can influence the pattern of syllables.In addition, there is adjustments of spelling and pronounciation in foreign wordswhich are absorbed. The subtitution of letters occurs because the location ofarticulation is similar or close, so it allows the two letters experience a change."

"[ABSTRAKJurnal ini berisi tentang laporan penemuan dari sebuah studi tentang kesadaran fonologis dari 30 anak Indonesia kelas satu sekolah dasar. Para partisipan diuji kemampuannya dalam mengidentifikasi panjang silabel, tes penggabungan kata, deteksi silabel, membalikkan silabel pada nonkata, membalikkan fonem pada nonkata, dan memilih gambar dengan rima yang sama. Ditemukan bahwa kesadaran silabel seperti yang diujikan pada tugas identifikasi panjang silabel, deteksi silabel, dan membalikkan silabel pada nonkata, merupakan tes yang cukup mudah bagi para partisipan, sedangkan tugas membalikkan fonem pada nonkata didapati sebagai yang paling sulit. Hasil dari penemuan studi ini tenyata berhubungan dengan metode pengajaran membaca di Indonesia. Hasil studi ini kemudian dibahas dalam kaitannya dengan fonotatik bahasa Indonesia dan metode pengajaran membaca di Indonesia yang lebih menekankan pada pengajaran silabel. Dikarenakan penelitian tentang ortografi Bahasa Indonesia terbilang sedikit, studi ini merupakan awal yang baik untuk meningkatkan dan memperluas penelitian literasi Bahasa Indonesia selanjutnya.

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ABSTRACTThis paper reports the finding from a study on the phonological awareness skills of 30 Indonesian first grade students. Participants were tested on identifying syllable length, blending task, syllable detection, reversing syllable in nonwords, reversing phoneme in nonwords, and choosing picture with the same rime. It was found that syllabic awareness as assessed by the identifying syllable length, syllable detection, and reversing syllable in nonwords, was relatively easy for Indonesian students while reversing phoneme in nonwords found to be the most difficult task. These findings were turned out to be related to the methods of teaching reading in Indonesia. Due to the findings, these results are then discussed in relation to the Indonesian phonotactics and teaching of reading in Indonesia, which put more emphasize in syllable. Since less research has been conducted in Bahasa Indonesia orthography, this study is a good start to enhance and expand the future literacy research in Bahasa Indonesia.;This paper reports the finding from a study on the phonological awareness skills of 30 Indonesian first grade students. Participants were tested on identifying syllable length, blending task, syllable detection, reversing syllable in nonwords, reversing phoneme in nonwords, and choosing picture with the same rime. It was found that syllabic awareness as assessed by the identifying syllable length, syllable detection, and reversing syllable in nonwords, was relatively easy for Indonesian students while reversing phoneme in nonwords found to be the most difficult task. These findings were turned out to be related to the methods of teaching reading in Indonesia. Due to the findings, these results are then discussed in relation to the Indonesian phonotactics and teaching of reading in Indonesia, which put more emphasize in syllable. Since less research has been conducted in Bahasa Indonesia orthography, this study is a good start to enhance and expand the future literacy research in Bahasa Indonesia.;This paper reports the finding from a study on the phonological awareness skills of 30 Indonesian first grade students. Participants were tested on identifying syllable length, blending task, syllable detection, reversing syllable in nonwords, reversing phoneme in nonwords, and choosing picture with the same rime. It was found that syllabic awareness as assessed by the identifying syllable length, syllable detection, and reversing syllable in nonwords, was relatively easy for Indonesian students while reversing phoneme in nonwords found to be the most difficult task. These findings were turned out to be related to the methods of teaching reading in Indonesia. Due to the findings, these results are then discussed in relation to the Indonesian phonotactics and teaching of reading in Indonesia, which put more emphasize in syllable. Since less research has been conducted in Bahasa Indonesia orthography, this study is a good start to enhance and expand the future literacy research in Bahasa Indonesia., This paper reports the finding from a study on the phonological awareness skills of 30 Indonesian first grade students. Participants were tested on identifying syllable length, blending task, syllable detection, reversing syllable in nonwords, reversing phoneme in nonwords, and choosing picture with the same rime. It was found that syllabic awareness as assessed by the identifying syllable length, syllable detection, and reversing syllable in nonwords, was relatively easy for Indonesian students while reversing phoneme in nonwords found to be the most difficult task. These findings were turned out to be related to the methods of teaching reading in Indonesia. Due to the findings, these results are then discussed in relation to the Indonesian phonotactics and teaching of reading in Indonesia, which put more emphasize in syllable. Since less research has been conducted in Bahasa Indonesia orthography, this study is a good start to enhance and expand the future literacy research in Bahasa Indonesia.]"

"Bahasa Indonesia banyak menyerap kata dari bahasa Belanda. Penelitian ini mengkaji perubahan fonologis pada kata serapan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode penelitian deskriptif dan data yang digunakan berasal dari penelitian karya Juniar Edgina (2020). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi pada kata serapan yang ada pada iklan majalah Intisari tahun 1964. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kata-kata serapan dari bahasa Belanda yang mengalami perubahan fonologis ketika diserap ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, namun terdapat juga kata-kata serapan yang tidak mengalami perubahan fonologis. Terdapat penyesuaian fonologis pada kata serapan sesuai dengan kaidah fonologis bahasa penerima, seperti penyesuaian fonem vokal maupun konsonan pada awal, tengah maupun akhir suku kata, seperti pada kata fr?nco menjadi prangko yang terpengaruh oleh perbedaan dalam sistem fonologi antara bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Belanda. Kata-kata serapan bahasa Belanda dalam bahasa Indonesia ada yang tidak mengalami perubahan fonologis dan diserap sepenuhnya, seperti kata dokter, foto, dan saldo.

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Indonesian absorbs a lot of words from Dutch. This study examines phonological changes in loanwords. The study utilized a descriptive research approach, and the information was obtained from a research conducted by Juniar Edgina (2020). The objective of this research is to identify the alterations in the adoption of vocabulary found in the advertisements of the Intisari magazine during the year 1964. The findings of this research are that there are words that experience phonological differences and words that do not share phonological changes in Dutch absorption words in Indonesian. There are phonological adjustments to loan words by the phonological rules of the recipient language, such as adjustments to vowel and consonant phonemes at the beginning, middle, and end of syllables, such as the word fr?nco becoming prangko which is influenced by differences in the phonological systems of Dutch and Indonesian. Dutch borrowed words in Indonesian, which are absorbed intact without any phonological changes, such as dokter, foto, and saldo."