Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"After diabetic retinopathy, the varieties of retinal vein occlusion constitute the most prevalent category of retinal vascular disease. For macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), no effective therapy existed until 2009, despite decades of research and failed pilot therapies. This comprehensive, illustrated text integrates recent advances in treatments with the parallel progress in understanding of disease mechanisms. Complete with case studies, this text is perfect for retina specialists, ophthalmologists, optometrists, and residents and fellows in these fields."

"This book examines the role that oxidative and nitrosative stress plays in the complex physiology and pathophysiology of the retina and choroid. This book as a guide to the current understanding of retinal and choroidal cellular mechanisms involved in aging and disease. These 31 chapters summarize what is known about oxidative stress in retinal and choroidal disorders. "

"Laser telah menjadi teknologi yang bermanfaat dalam tatalaksana inkompetensi katup vena terutama pada vena-vena superfisial. Ablasi termal endovena menggunakan teknologi laser yang dipandu oleh ultrasonografi memberikan alternatif terapi selain tindakan bedah vena saphena. Tingkat keberhasilan yang tinggi, komplikasi kecil, dan teknik invasif minimal merupakan kelebihan dari teknik ini dibandingkan dengan pengobatan terdahulu. Pada ilustrasi kasus ini, kami jabarkan terapi laser endovena untuk pengobatan varises vena saphena magna. Pengembangan terapi laser endovena masih diperlukan,melalui pemantauan jangka panjang dan sistem pelaporan yang seragam maka hal ini dapat terwujud.

---

Laser has become a useful technology in treating venous incompetence especially superficial venous disease. Introduction of endovenous thermal ablation through endovenous laser therapy helped by duplex ultrasound guidance has provided an alternative for traditional saphenous vein stripping. High success rate, minor complications, and minimally invasive technique provide the advantages over traditional treatment. In this case illustrated, the endovenous laser therapy used for great saphenous varicose vein. Yet, future development in endovenous laser therapy is still needed and only long term follow-up and uniform reporting standards will provide the answers."

"Agenesis vena porta adalah kelainan yang jarang ditemukan dimana aliran darah vena dari limpa dan usus tidak melalui hepar tetapi mengalir ke aliran sistemik melalui berbagai pintasan. Dilaporkan satu kasus pasien wanita berusia 32 tahun dengan kelainan ini dimana pasien mengalami hematemesis dan melena berulang dan didapati adanya splenomegali dan hipersplenisme. Pada angiografi tidak ditemukan adanya vena porta. Dilakukan tindakan splenektomi untuk menurunkan tekanan pada vena-vena sekitar gaster dan mengkoreksi hipersplenisme. Enam bulan pasca operasi dilakukan endoskopi dengan hasil varises pada esofagus sudah menghilang sedangkan varises pada gaster sudah mengecil. (Med J Indones 2004; 14: 122-7)

---

Congenital Absence of the Portal Vein (CAPV) is a rare anomaly in which the intestinal and splenic venous drainage bypasses the liver and drains into the systemic veins through various venous shunts. We present a case of a 32-year-old woman with this malformation, the patient experienced hematemesis and melena repetitively and had splenomegaly and hypersplenism. The angiography demonstrated absence of portal vein. Splenectomy was performed to reduce the pressure of the veins around stomach and to correct the hypersplenism. In endoscopy examination six months after surgery, the esophageal varices had disappear and the size of gastric varices had decrease. (Med J Indones 2004; 14: 122-7)"

"Based on its relation to the liver sinusoid, increased pressure of portal vein can occur at three levels: presinusoid, sinusoid ,and postsinusoid. Obstruction of the presinusoid veins can be caused by extra-hepatic condition such as venous thrombosis.

We reported a case of portal hypertension with esophageal varices bleeding was a result of obstruction due to thrombosis of the splenic vein and portal vein under hypercoagulant conditions due to thrombocyto-sis. The management of esophageal varices was sclerotherapy while for overcome the thrombosis the patient was given hydroxy urea."

"fibrilasi atrium (FA) sering di temui pada pasien hipertensi dengan hipertrofi ventrikel kiri (HVki),vena pulmonalis (VP) yang berperan penting dalam terjadinya FA, mengalami peningkatan diameter ostialnta pada pasien FA."

"In the recent years, palm vein recognition has been studied to overcome problems in conventional systems in biometrics technology (finger print, face, and iris), such as convenience and performance. However, due to the image of palm vein that is not always clear, the veins are not segmented pro-perly, therefore, the recognition accuracy may be degraded. To overcome this problem, we propose a palm vein recognition system using Local Line Binary Pattern (LLBP) method that can extract robust features from the palm vein images that has unclear veins. LLBP is an advanced method of Local Binary Pattern (LBP), a texture descriptor based on the gray level comparison of a neighborhood of pixels. There are four major steps in this paper, Region of Interest (ROI) detection, image preprocess-sing, features extraction using LLBP method, and matching using Fuzzy k-NN classifier. The propo-sed method was applied on the CASIA Multi-Spectral Image Database. Experimental results show that the proposed method using LLBP has a good performance with recognition accuracy 97.3%. In future, experiments will be conducted to observe which parameter can affect processing time and rec-ognition accuracy of LLBP is needed.

---

Saat ini penelitian tentang pengenalan pembuluh darah pada telapak tangan (palm vein recognition) telah banyak dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah dalam teknologi biometrika yang lainnya (pengenalan sidik jari, wajah dan iris) seperti ketidaknyamanan pengguna saat akusisi citra maupun tingkat keakuratan pengenalannya. Namun masalah yang sering muncul dalam sistem pengenalan pembuluh darah pada telapak tangan (palm vein) adalah fitur tekstur pembuluh darah (vein) yang kurang jelas. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, paper ini mengusulkan sistem pengenalan palm vein menggunakan metode Local Line Binary Pattern (LLBP) yang telah teruji dapat mengekstraksi fitur pembuluh darah pada gambar dengan jelas. LLBP merupakan metode pengembangan dari Local Binary Pattern (LBP), metode yang menggunakan kombinasi nilai-nilai biner dari piksel kete-tanggaannya. Empat tahapan utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu deteksi Region of Interest (ROI), pre-processing yang terdiri dari resize, penghilangan noise dan subtract citra, ekstraksi fitur menggunakan metode LLBP dan pengenalan menggunakan Fuzzy k-NN. Metodologi yang diusulkan telah diuji pada database citra palm vein CASIA Multi-Spectral. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa meto-dologi yang diusulkan dapat mencapai akurasi sampai dengan 97.3%. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, diperlukan observasi untuk mengetahui parameter yang mempengaruhi waktu proses dan akurasi pengenalan dari metode LLBP"

"Retinal detachment (RD), atau ablasi retina, adalah kondisi ketika retina neurosensori terlepas dari lapisan dasarnya, yaitu epitel pigmen retina (EPR), karena kehilangan kerekatan. RD bisa menjadi kondisi yang serius jika tidak segera ditangani, seperti gangguan penglihatan hingga kebutaan permanen. Di Indonesia, diperkirakan terdapat 17.500—25.000 kasus baru setiap tahunnya. Namun, dengan jumlah dokter yang terbatas, pendeteksian RD secara konvensional mungkin tidak dapat dilakukan dengan cepat. Dengan memanfaatkan metode machine learning, khususnya deep learning, yang kini berkembangan pesat, dapat dilakukan pendeteksian RD melalui citra fundus mata menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) dengan arsitektur ResNeSt. Terdapat masalah keterbatasan jumlah data pada kelas RD sehubungan dengan perlindungan privasi pasien yang membatasi akses terhadap data medis. Untuk meningkatkan jumlah data, dilakukan augmentasi data dengan GAN untuk menghasilkan data baru berupa citra sintetis untuk kelas RD. Dilakukan pula percobaan dengan menerapkan Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) sebagai tahap preprocessing sebelum augmentasi dengan GAN dengan tujuan meningkatkan kualitas citra yang masuk sebagai input dari GAN. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menguji tiga skenario dengan dua rasio splitting data, yaitu 6:2:2 dan 6:1:3. Skenario 1 menjalankan model ResNeSt tanpa preprocessing CLAHE dan augmentasi GAN pada data input. Skenario 2 menjalankan model ResNeSt dengan augmentasi GAN pada data input. Sementara itu, skenario 3 menjalankan model ResNeSt dengan menerapkan preprocessing CLAHE dan augmentasi GAN pada data input. Untuk splitting data dengan rasio 6:2:2, skenario 1 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 89,9%, sensitivity 76,3%, specificity 94,3%, dan loss 52,4%, skenario 2 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 92,3%, sensitivity 88,2%, specificity 94,8%, dan loss 18,6%, sedangkan skenario 3 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 95,9%, sensitivity 94,4%, specificity 96,8%, dan loss 9,8%. Sementara itu, untuk splitting data dengan rasio 6:1:3, skenario 1 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 91,3%, sensitivity 78,6%, specificity 94,9%, dan loss 27,9%, skenario 2 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 94%, sensitivity 90,2%, specificity 96,3%, dan loss 17,9%, sedangkan skenario 3 menghasilkan nilai rata-rata accuracy 97,9%, sensitivity 97%, specificity 98,4%, dan loss 5,4%. Didapatkan bahwa performa model terbaik adalah ketika menggunakan skenario 3 dengan rasio splitting data 6:1:3.

---

Retinal detachment (RD), also known as retinal ablation, is a condition where the neurosensory retina separates from its underlying layer, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), due to the loss of adhesion. RD can become a serious condition if not promptly treated, potentially leading to vision impairment, even permanent blindness. In Indonesia, an estimated 17,500–25,000 new cases of RD occur annually. However, with a limited number of doctors, conventional detection methods for RD may not be performed swiftly enough. Leveraging machine learning, particularly deep learning, which has rapidly advanced, RD detection can be facilitated through fundus imaging using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with ResNeSt architecture. A significant challenge arises due to the limited amount of data available for the RD class, as patient privacy regulations restrict access to medical data. To address this, data augmentation is applied using Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to generate synthetic images for the RD class. Additionally, experiments were conducted by applying Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) as a preprocessing step before GAN augmentation, aiming to enhance the quality of the images inputted into the GAN. This study further evaluates three scenarios with two data splitting ratios, 6:2:2 and 6:1:3. Scenario 1 involved training the ResNeSt model without CLAHE preprocessing or GAN augmentation. Scenario 2 involved training the ResNeSt model with GAN augmentation. Scenario 3 involved training the ResNeSt model with both CLAHE preprocessing and GAN augmentation. For the 6:2:2 data splitting ratio, Scenario 1 achieved an average accuracy of 89.9%, sensitivity of 76.3%, specificity of 94.3%, and loss of 52.4%. Scenario 2 achieved an average accuracy of 92.3%, sensitivity of 88.2%, specificity of 94.8%, and loss of 18.6%. Meanwhile, Scenario 3 achieved an average accuracy of 95.9%, sensitivity of 94.4%, specificity of 96.8%, and loss of 9.8%. For the 6:1:3 data splitting ratio, Scenario 1 achieved an average accuracy of 91.3%, sensitivity of 78.6%, specificity of 94.9%, and loss of 27.9%. Scenario 2 achieved an average accuracy of 94%, sensitivity of 90.2%, specificity of 96.3%, and loss of 17.9%. Meanwhile, Scenario 3 achieved an average accuracy of 97.9%, sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 98.4%, and loss of 5.4%. The best model performance was observed in Scenario 3 with a 6:1:3 data splitting ratio."

"ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai akurasi skrining ROP bayi prematur dengan menggunakan wide field retinal imaging system (RetCamvi ®) yang dilakukan olehdokter umum terlatih dibandingkan dengan menggunakan oftalmoskopi indirekbinokuler (BIO). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang dan bersifat ujidiagnostik. Semua bayi prematur yang memenuhi kriteria skrining menurut workshopROP dan bayi prematur di Indonesia diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini. Padapenelitian ini didapatkan hasil bahwa WFDRI (RetCam®) yang dilakukan oleh dokterumum yang terlatih secara baku sama akuratnya dengan oftalmoskopi indirekbinokuler (BIO) dalam skrining ROP pada bayi lahir prematur.ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of wide field digital retinal imaging (RetCam®) conducted by trained general practitioner in comparison withbinocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO). The design of this study was a crosssectional, diagnostic trial study. Preterm infants that met the inclusion criteriaaccording to Indonesia retinopathy of prematurity workshop were included in thestudy. The result of this study revealed that the accuracy of WFDRI (RetCam)performed by trained general practitioner were similar to those performed using BIOin ROP screening.;The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of wide field digital retinal imaging (RetCam®) conducted by trained general practitioner in comparison withbinocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO). The design of this study was a crosssectional, diagnostic trial study. Preterm infants that met the inclusion criteriaaccording to Indonesia retinopathy of prematurity workshop were included in thestudy. The result of this study revealed that the accuracy of WFDRI (RetCam)performed by trained general practitioner were similar to those performed using BIOin ROP screening.;The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of wide field digital retinal imaging (RetCam®) conducted by trained general practitioner in comparison withbinocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO). The design of this study was a crosssectional, diagnostic trial study. Preterm infants that met the inclusion criteriaaccording to Indonesia retinopathy of prematurity workshop were included in thestudy. The result of this study revealed that the accuracy of WFDRI (RetCam)performed by trained general practitioner were similar to those performed using BIOin ROP screening.;The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of wide field digital retinal imaging (RetCam®) conducted by trained general practitioner in comparison withbinocular indirect ophthalmoscopy (BIO). The design of this study was a crosssectional, diagnostic trial study. Preterm infants that met the inclusion criteriaaccording to Indonesia retinopathy of prematurity workshop were included in thestudy. The result of this study revealed that the accuracy of WFDRI (RetCam)performed by trained general practitioner were similar to those performed using BIOin ROP screening."