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"Frozen section library : breast provides an easy reference and pocket book about the nuances of adequately handling breast specimens in a fashion that meets the increasingly complex environment of breast pathology. The pros and cons of frozen section versus use of touch imprint as well as related quality assurance requirements are addressed. Other less common uses of intraoperative evaluation, such as diagnosis and margin evaluation are described. The volume includes recommended guidelines for evaluation and documentation of specific gross pathologic features, in conjunction with radiological imaging. Techniques and protocols for such examinations are illustrated. The volume closes with an overview of the newly published guidelines for handling a variety of breast specimens, which are intended to be used for assessment of predictive factors."

"Addresses the frozen section, which is one of several intraoperative consultative options. This title illustrates the practical use of the frozen section in the management of clinical problems, especially tumors. It features updates to the organ system based chapters as well as a revised chapter on pediatric pathology"

"Frozen section library : lymph nodes highlights the usefulness of techniques such as touch preparation cytology and fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, as well as FNA biopsy. This fascicle also suggests proper handling for subsequent ancillary studies, including flow cytometric, cytogenetic, and molecular studies. Special emphasis is given to the limitations of frozen section diagnosis in lymph node pathology. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific information. This book serves as a very useful resource for physicians in the frozen section room and in intra-operative consultation situations dealing with, and interested in, this very complex field of diagnostic pathology. Frozen Section Library: Lymph Nodes is of great value to pathologists, residents, and fellows who diagnose pathologic processes involving lymph nodes."

"Keganasan tiroid dapat ditemukan sekitar 5% dari kasus dengan nodul tiroid. Untuk penatalaksanaan kasus nodul tiroid perlu membedakan kasus jinak dari yang ganas. Biopsi aspirasi jarum halus (BAJaH) dilakukan praoperasi sedangkan potong beku dilakukan pada saat operasi. Tujuan tulisan ini ialah mengevaluasi ketepatan diagnosis pemeriksaan BAJaH serta PB bersama sitologi imprint (PB+I) pada kasus-kasus nodul tiroid di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI-RSCM. Penelitian ini merupakan uji diagnostik menggunakan data arsip klinikopatologik di Departemen Patologi Anatmik FKUI-RSCM selama tahun 1999-2003. Spesimen dengan kelengkapan data hasil pemeriksaan BAJaH; data hasil pemeriksaan potong beku disertai sediaan sitologi imprint, serta sediaan histologik terfiksasi formalin dari bahan biopsi / operasi tiroid yang sama, digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sensitivitas, spesifisitas dan akurasi PB+I lebih tinggi daripada BAJaH (berturut-turut 86,8% vs 73,7% ; 99,0% vs 83,9% ; 94,8% vs 80,5%). Bila hasil BAJaH konkordan dengan hasil PB+I, akurasi gabungan ke dua pemeriksaan tersebut menjadi 95,1%. Evaluasi potong beku bersama sitologi imprint masih sangat bermanfaat, karena pemeriksaan ini secara bermakna menunjukkan akurasi yang tinggi dalam mendiagnosis keganasan tiroid. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:89-93).

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Thyroid malignancy can be found on 5% of thyroid nodules. In order to better managed of thyroid nodules, skills to differentiate benign from malignant cases were needed. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was done preoperatively while frozen section (FS) and imprint cytology (IC) should be done intra-operatively. The objective of this research paper is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FNAB versus frozen section combined with imprint cytology (FS+IC) in thyroid nodules at the Anatomic-Pathology Department FMUI-CM Hospital, Jakarta. This diagnostic test, used data from clinico-pathological records in Anatomic Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia / Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia during 1999-2003. Specimens with complete data of FNAB results, data of FS and slides of IC. All formalin fixed`specimens were reevaluated and used as the golden standard. Sensitivity, spesificity and accuracy of FS+IC were higher than FNAB (86.8% vs 73.7% ; 99.0% vs 83.9% ; 94.8% vs 80.5% respectively). If the results of FNAB were concordant with the result of FS+IC, the combined examination yields accuracy of 95.1%. The evaluation of frozen section combined with imprint cytology is very useful, because this examination significantly showed high accuracy in diagnosing thyroid malignancy. (Med J Indones 2007; 16:89-93) ."

"Frozen sections are performed while a patient is undergoing surgery as a basis for making an immediate diagnosis that will impact treatment decisions. Frozen section diagnosis is often a highly demanding situation for the pathologist who must render a diagnosis quickly, based on careful gross examination of specimens to select optimal areas for microscopic examination.The Frozen Section Library series will provide concise, user-friendly, site specific handbooks that are well illustrated and highlight the pitfalls, artifacts and differential diagnosis issues that arise in the hurried frozen section scenario."

"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium merupakan penyebab kematian kelima terbanyak karena kanker pada wanita. Diperlukan uji diagnostik preoperatif dan intraoperatif yang tajam dan akurat untuk menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas karena kanker ovarium. Tujuan: Mengetahui nilai diagnostik RMI, Skor Purwoto, dan potong beku terhadap pemeriksaan histopatologi pada tumor ovarium suspek ganas. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dari data sekunder yang berasal dari 114 rekam medis pasien suspek keganasan ovarium yang menjalani pembedahan antara bulan Januari 2010 hingga Desember 2010 di RSCM. Hasil: Nilai diagnostik untuk RMI adalah sensitivitas 85%, spesifisitas 63%, NDP 68%, NDN 82%, RKP 2,29, RKN 0,23, akurasi 74%, dan AUC 0,800. Nilai diagnostik untuk Skor Purwoto adalah sensitivitas 80%, spesifisitas 59,3%, NDP 65%, NDN 76%, RKP 1.97, RKN 0,34, akurasi 69%, dan AUC 0,780. Nilai diagnostik untuk potong beku adalah sensitivitas 93%, spesifisitas 98%, NDP 98%, NDN 94%, RKP 54,7, RKN 0,07, akurasi 96%, dan AUC 0,968. Kesimpulan: RMI dan skor Purwoto dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi diagnostik keganasan ovarium praoperatif. Meskipun telah dilakukan evaluasi kemungkinan keganasan praoperatif, tetap diperlukan pemeriksaan potong beku. Hasil evaluasi RMI dan Skor Purwoto jinak dapat ditatalaksana di pusat pelayanan dengan fasilitas yang tidak memerlukan surgical staging. Meskipun hasil evaluasi RMI dan skor Purwoto jinak sebaiknya tetap dilakukan pemeriksaan potong beku untuk menyingkirkan kemungkinan keganasan yang masih belum dapat dibuktikan dengan pasti melalui evaluasi praoperatif.

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Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death from cancer in women. The sharp and accurate preoperative and intraoperative diagnostic tests are needed in reducing morbidity and mortality due to ovarian cancer.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of RMI, Purwoto Score, and frozen section compared to histopathologic examination in suspected malignant ovarian tumors.

Methods: This study used cross-sectional design of secondary data from the medical records of 114 patients with suspected ovarian malignancy who underwent surgery between January 2010 and December 2010 at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Results: The diagnostic value for RMI are sensitivity 85%, specificity 63%, PPV 68%, NPV 82%, positive likelihood ratio 2.29, negative likelihood ratio 0.23, accuracy 74%, and AUC 0,800. Diagnostic value for Purwoto Score are sensitivity 80%, specificity 59.3%, PPV 65%, NPV 76%, positive likelihood ratio 1.97, negative likelihood ratio 0.34, accuracy 69%, and AUC 0.780. Diagnostic value of frozen section are sensitivity 93%, specificity 98%, PPV 98%, NPV 94%, positive likelihood ratio 54.7, negative likelihood ratio 0.07, accuracy 96%, and AUC 0.968.

Conclusion: RMI and Purwoto Score can be used for preoperative diagnostic evaluation of ovarian malignancies. Although it has been performed preoperative evaluation of malignancy, is still required frozen section examination. Benign case of RMI and Purwoto Score can be managed at the service center with facilities that do not require surgical staging and still need to be confirmed with frozen section examination to rule out malignancy that still has not been proven with certainty through preoperative evaluation."

"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium yang paling sering terjadi adalah jenis epitel, mayoritas terjadi pada perempuan usia lanjut namun ditemukan 3 - 17 wanita usia muda yaitu kurang dari 40 tahun. Meningkatnya angka survival dari keganasan ovarium maka mempertahankan fertilitas adalah hal yang sangat penting pada pasien usia muda. Prosedur diagnostik yang tepat diperlukan untuk oportunitas fungsi reproduksi pasien kedepannya, yaitu potong beku. Prosedur potong beku dapat mempertajam diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang terarah pada neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas dan mencegah terjadinya overprocedure maupun underprocedure. Tujuan : Mengetahui peran prosedur potong beku pada neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas pada usia dibawah 40 tahun di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan studi potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pada pasien neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas usia dibawah 40 tahun yang menjalani pembedahan dengan atau tanpa prosedur potong beku dari tahun 2013 hingga 2018. Hasil: Dari 109 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan 62 kasus menjalani prosedur potong beku dengan hasil ganas (34,9%), borderline (14,7%) dan jinak (7,3%) sedangkan tanpa prosedur potong beku terdapat 47 kasus. Subjek yang menjalani potong beku didapatkan seluruh prosedur sesuai (100%) dengan kelengkapan prosedur pembedahan konservatif surgical staging, sedangkan tanpa potong beku didapatkan 4,8% outcome dengan hasil overprocedure. Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana konservatif menjadi prioritas utama dalam manajemen neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas usia muda, dengan adanya prosedur potong beku dapat menentukan tatalaksana lebih terarah secara intraoperatif.

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Background: The most common ovarian cancer is the type of epithelium, the majority occur in elderly women but found 3-17 young women that is less than 40 years. The increased survival rate of ovarian neoplasm is to maintain fertility is very important in young patients. Appropriate diagnostic procedures are needed for the future reproductive function of the patient, which is frozen section. Frozen section procedures can diagnose clearly and directed treatment of suspected malignant ovarian neoplasms and prevent overprocedure or underprocedure.

Aim: Knowing the role of frozen section procedures in suspected malignant of ovarian neoplasms under the age of 40 years at RSCM.

Methods: This research is descriptive with a cross sectional study conducted at RSCM using medical record data on patients with suspected of malignant ovarian neoplasms age under 40 years who underwent surgery with or without frozen cut procedures from 2013 to 2018.

Results : 109 study subjects which were taken from the inclusion criteria, 62 cases underwent frozen section procedures with malignant results (34.9%), borderline (14.7%) and benign (7.3%) whereas without procedures frozen section there are 47 cases. Subjects who underwent frozen section obtained all procedures according to (100%) with complete conservative surgical staging procedures, whereas without frozen section obtained 4.8% outcome with overprocedure results.

Conclusions: Conservative management is the main priority in the management of young woman with ovarian neoplasms, with the presence of frozen section procedures can determine management more directed intraoperatively."

"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium yang paling sering terjadi adalah jenis epitel, mayoritas terjadi pada perempuan usia lanjut namun ditemukan 3-17 wanita usia muda yaitu kurang dari 40 tahun. Meningkatnya angka survival dari keganasan ovarium maka mempertahankan fertilitas adalah hal yang sangat penting pada pasien usia muda. Prosedur diagnostik yang tepat diperlukan untuk oportunitas fungsi reproduksi pasien kedepannya, yaitu potong beku. Prosedur potong beku dapat mempertajam diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang terarah pada neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas dan mencegah terjadinya overprocedure maupun underprocedure.Tujuan: Mengetahui peran prosedur potong beku pada neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas pada usia dibawah 40 tahun di RSUPN dr. Cipto MangunkusumoMetode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan studi potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pada pasien neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas usia dibawah 40 tahun yang menjalani pembedahan dengan atau tanpa prosedur potong beku dari tahun 2013 hingga 2018.Hasil: Dari 109 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi didapatkan 62 kasus menjalani prosedur potong beku dengan hasil ganas (34,9%), borderline (14,7%) dan jinak (7,3%) sedangkan tanpa prosedur potong beku terdapat 47 kasus. Subjek yang menjalani potong beku didapatkan seluruh prosedur sesuai (100%) dengan kelengkapan prosedur pembedahan konservatif surgical staging, sedangkan tanpa potong beku didapatkan 4,8% outcome dengan hasil overprocedure.Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana konservatif menjadi prioritas utama dalam manajemen neoplasma ovarium suspek ganas usia muda, dengan adanya prosedur potong beku dapat menentukan tatalaksana lebih terarah secara intraoperatif.

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Background: The most common ovarian cancer is the type of epithelium, the majority occur in elderly women but found 3-17 young women that is less than 40 years. The increased survival rate of ovarian neoplasm is to maintain fertility is very important in young patients. Appropriate diagnostic procedures are needed for the future reproductive function of the patient, which is frozen section. Frozen section procedures can diagnose clearly and directed treatment of suspected malignant ovarian neoplasms and prevent overprocedure or underprocedure.

Aim: Knowing the role of frozen section procedures in suspected malignant of ovarian neoplasms under the age of 40 years at RSCM.

Methods: This research is descriptive with a cross sectional study conducted at RSCM using medical record data on patients with suspected of malignant ovarian neoplasms age under 40 years who underwent surgery with or without frozen cut procedures from 2013 to 2018.

Results: 109 study subjects which were taken from the inclusion criteria, 62 cases underwent frozen section procedures with malignant results (34.9%), borderline (14.7%) and benign (7.3%) whereas without procedures frozen section there are 47 cases. Subjects who underwent frozen section obtained all procedures according to (100%) with complete conservative surgical staging procedures, whereas without frozen section obtained 4.8% outcome with overprocedure results.

Conclusions: Conservative management is the main priority in the management of young woman with ovarian neoplasms, with the presence of frozen section procedures can determine management more directed intraoperatively."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai diagnostik skor prabedah dan prosedur potong beku pada pasien keganasan ovarium usia muda. Selain itu, penelitian ini ingin mengetahui apakah potong beku menambah nilai prediksi skor prabedah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil data RSCM dari tahun 2006-2010. Kami mendapatkan 437 pasien dengan diagnosis neoplasma ovarium kistik. Seratus lima puluh tujuh pasien berusia dibawah 40 tahun. Nilai diagnostik skor GP pada keganasan usia muda berturut turut sensitivitas, spesifitas, nilai duga positif, nilai duga negatif, dan akurasi sebesar 77%, 49%, 61%, 68%, dan 63% sedangkan RMI memberikan nilai diagnostik berturut-turut 69%, 49%, 58%, 45%, dan 59%, hasil yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan skor GP. Nilai diagnostik prosedur potong beku pada keganasan usia muda dengan skor GP >4 berturut turut sensitivitas, spesifitas, nilai duga positif, nilai duga negatif, dan akurasi sebesar 81.7%, 87.2% , 90.7%, 75.6%, dan 83%, sedangkan untuk RMI >200 nilai diagnostik berturut-turut adalah 81%, 87%, 89%, 77%, dan 83%. Potong beku menambah 6% dari prediksi prabedah skor GP dan 12% dari prediksi prabedah RMI.

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The aim of this paper is to know the diagnostic value of scoring system that taken before surgery and frozen section in the young age patient suspected malignancy. Using that result, we can also know whether the frozen section give additional value to clinical scoring system or not. This research was undergone by using RSCM’s medical record from 2006-2010. From 437 patients suspected ovarian malignancy, we took only 157 patients due to their age. Diagnostic value of GP score are 77%, 49%, 61%, 68%, 63%, while RMI are 69%, 49%, 58%, 45%, 59%, (sensitivity, spesifity, positive prediction value, negative predictive value, and accuracy respectively). Diagnostic value of frozen section in patient suspected malignancy using GP score >4 are 81.7%, 87.2%, 90.7%, 75.6%, 83%, while in patient with RMI > 200 are 81%, 87%, 89%, 77%, 83% (sensitivity, spesifity, positive prediction value, negative predictive value, and accuracy respectively). Frozen section only gave 6% additional value for GP score and 12% for RMI score."

"Latar belakang: Angka ketahanan hidup 5 tahun pasien keganasan ovarium rendah, karena >70% kasus terlambat didiagnosis. Skor Gatot Purwoto merupakan metode prediksi keganasan ovarium pra-bedah. Terdapat rentang yang berbeda cukup jauh antara nilai diagnostik Gatot Purnomo dari beberapa penelitian. Pada aplikasinya penderita tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi Gatot Purwoto (GP) < 4 (rendah) masih terdapat kecurigaan adanya keganasan ovarium sehingga masih dilakukan prosedur potong beku sebagai alat diagnostik intrabedah.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif dan nilai duga negatif prosedur potong beku yang dilakukan pada penderita tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi Gatot Purwoto ≤ 4 dan untuk mengetahui peningkatan nilai diagnostik antara prosedur potong beku dibandingkan dengan skor gatot purwoto pada penderita tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi Gatot Purwoto ≤ 4Metode: Uji ini adalah uji diagnostik dengan desain potong lintang. Pasien tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi Gatot Purwoto (GP) < 4 yang dilakukan prosedur potong beku di RSCM selama periode Juli 2008 – Juli 2013 diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Data diambil secara konsekutif dari rekam medik, kemudian dianalisis secara manual dengan menggunakan tabel 2x2 dan rumus parameter diagnostik. Kami menganalisis nilai diagnostik potong beku dibandingkan dengan baku emas yaitu blok parafin. Kemudian kami melihat adakah peningkatan nilai diagnostik prediksi keganasan ovarium jika hanya dilakukan skor GP saja dan jika dilakukan skor GP disertai dengan potong bekuHasil: Dari 160 orang subyek penelitian didapatkan prosedur potong beku memiliki akurasi yang cukup baik dalam mendiagnosis keganasan ovarium yaitu 78,5%. Sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai duga positif, nilai duga negatif dan akurasi prosedur potong beku pada penelitian ini berturut turut adalah 84,3%, 92,9%, 75%, 95,9% dan 85,5%. Selain itu prosedur potong beku pada penderita tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi GP ≤4 secara bermakna memberikan manfaat dalam mendiagnosis keganasan ovarium yaitu meningkatkan nilai diagnostik sebesar 15,9% dibandingkan hanya menggunakan skor GP saja tanpa potong beku.Kesimpulan: Prosedur potong beku memiliki nilai diagnostik yang baik dan masih memberikan manfaat dalam mendiagnosis tumor ovarium curiga ganas dengan skor prediksi GP < 4. Skor prediksi GP memberikan nilai diagnostik yang cukup rendah untuk memprediksi keganasan ovarium, sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan sistem penilaian prediksi keganasan ovarium.

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Background: The 5-year survival rate of patients with ovarian cancer is low, because over 70% of cases are diagnosed in a late stage. Gatot Purwoto score is a method to predict ovarian malignancy prior to surgery. There is a variabel range on the diagnostic values of Gatot Purwoto (GP) score from several studies. In its application, patients with GP prediction score < 4 (low) still has a suspicion for ovarian malignancy, therefore frozen section is still performed as an intraoperative diagnostik tool.

Aim: To obtain the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of frozen section performed in patients with suspected malignant ovarian tumors with GP score ≤ 4 and to discover the increase of diagnotic value of frozen section compared to GP score in patients with suspected malignant ovarian tumors with GP score ≤ 4.

Methods: This is a diagnostic study with cross sectional design. Patients with suspected malignant ovarian tumors with GP score ≤ 4 who underwent frozen section in RSCM from July 2008 – July 2013 were included in this study. Data were obtained consecutively from medical records, then analyzed manually with 2x2 tables and diagnostik parameter formula. We analyzed frozen section compared to the gold standard (paraffin block). Then we observed if there was an increase of diagnostic value of predicting ovarian malignancy with GP score alone or GP score combined with frozen section.

Result: We obtained 160 subjects. Frozen section had an overall good accuracy in predicting ovarian malignancy (78.5). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of frozen section are 84,3%, 92,9%, 75%, 95,9% and 85,5%, respectively. Frozen section also increased the diagnostic value as much as 15,9% compared to GP score alone without frozen section.

Conclusion: Frozen section had a good diagnostic value and is still useful in diagnosing suspected malignant ovarian tumors with GP score ≤ 4. GP prediction score has a quite low diagnostic value in predicting ovarian malignancy, therefore an improved system to predict ovarian malignancy is needed."